• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권18호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2010

참여, 공유, 개방을 표방하는 웹 2.0의 트렌드 속에 많은 사람들이 콘텐츠 생산에 직접 참여하는 UCC(User Created Content) 시대가 도래하였다. 한국에서 동영상 UCC는 UCC와 동의어로 인식될 정도로 활성화되었으며 사회적 영향력도 증대하고 있으나 이에 대한 본격적인 연구는 부족한 편이다. 본 연구는 동영상 UCC 제작에 참여하는 동기와 그 효과를 본격적으로 연구하기 위한 탐색적 연구로 수행되었다. 연구결과 재미, 공유, 자기표현 등이 동영상 UCC를 제작하는 중요한 동기로 나타났다. 동영상 UCC 제작의 효과로는 피드백, 공유, 자기만족 등의 심리적 보상이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 한편 개인별 전체 동영상 UCC 제작량은 자신이 만든 동영상 UCC의 재미, 중요성, 실용성 등을 스스로 높게 평가할수록 비례하여 더 증가하는 경향이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.222-235
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• 2008

본 연구는 인터뷰 자료를 분석하는 질적 방법을 통하여 창조계급을 이루는 UCC 이용자의 이용 동기를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과 동영상 UCC 이용자는 심심풀이 이용자와 능동적 조회자 그리고 창조자로 구분되었다. 연구의 결과 UCC 이용자들의 동기요인으로 일상생활에 도움이 되는 정보공유, 보여주고 싶다라는 자기 표현감, 다른 사람과의 소통 욕구, UCC가 자기표현을 쉽게 하도록 도와주는 용이성, 유용성이 능동적 조회자와 창조자들에게서 발견되었다. 기술적 용이성은 창조자의 경우에만 동기요인이 되고 있다. 즐거움은 단순조회, 심심풀이, 창조자를 막론하고 중요한 UCC 이용 요인으로 나타났다. 조회자 중에도 시간가는 줄 모르고 빠져드는 경험을 하거나 자신의 목적과 흥미에 따라 UCC 종목을 선택하기도 하는 경우가 드러났다. 그러나 즐거움이나 흥미의 내용은 창조자의 경우 창조의 기쁨, 플로우라는 특수한 즐거움으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 이제까지 기술수용모형 (TAM)이나 감정모형 (PAD) 등을 이용한 UCC 이용자 연구의 결과를 보완하고 기존 연구에서 깊이 다루어지지 않은 창조의 기쁨, 플로우가 콘텐츠 창조자의 중요한 추동 요인이 된다는 점이 부각되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.223-237
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• 2009

최근에 UCC는 인터넷 문화로 자리 잡고 있어 사회적 영향력을 갖게 되었으며 UCC 참여자들은 내재적 욕구 및 외재적 욕구를 충족시키기 위해 UCC 이용과 생산 활동에 참여하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 UCC 참여자들의 감정요인, 사회적 영향 및 내외재적 동기가 UCC 이용과 생산에 어떻게 영향을 미치고 있는가를 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국과 미국에서 UCC 참여자를 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하여 회수된 339개(한국)와 305개(미국)의 유효 설문지를 대상으로 통계분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 감정요인의 경우 한국과 미국 모두에서 기쁨이 내재적 동기에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나, 환기는 미국에서는 내재적 동기와 관련성이 있고, 한국에서는 내재적 동기와 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 영향요인의 경우, 주관적 규범은 한국에서 외재적 동기와 관련성이 있고, 미국에서는 외재적 동기와 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 이미지는 한국과 미국에서 모두 외재적 동기에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 내재적 동기는 한국의 경우 UCC 이용과 생산에 영향을 주지 않았으며, 미국에서는 UCC 이용과는 유의미한 관련성이 있고, UCC 생산과는 관련성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 외재적 동기는 한국과 미국 모두에서 UCC 생산에 유의한 수준에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.141-170
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• 2010

User created content (UCC) is created and shared by common users on line. From the user's perspective, the increase of UCCs has led to an expansion of alternative means of communications, while from the business perspective UCCs have formed an environment in which an abundant amount of new contents can be produced. Despite outward quantitative growth, however, many aspects of UCCs do not meet the expectations of general users in terms of quality, and this can be observed through pirated contents and user-copied contents. The purpose of this research is to investigate effective methods for fostering production of creative user-generated content. This study proposes two core elements, namely, reward and motivation, which are believed to enhance content creativity as well as the mediating factor and users' committement, which will be effective for bridging the increasing motivation and content creativity. Based on this perspective, this research takes an in-depth look at issues related to constructing the dimensions of reward and motivation in UCC services for creative content product, which are identified in three phases. First, three dimensions of rewards have been proposed: task dimension, social dimension, and organizational dimention. The task dimension rewards are related to the inherent characteristics of a task such as writing blog articles and pasting photos. Four concrete ways of providing task-related rewards in UCC environments are suggested in this study, which include skill variety, task significance, task identity, and autonomy. The social dimensioni rewards are related to the connected relationships among users. The organizational dimension consists of monetary payoff and recognition from others. Second, the two types of motivations are suggested to be affected by the diverse rewards schemes: intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation occurs when people create new UCC contents for its' own sake, whereas extrinsic motivation occurs when people create new contents for other purposes such as fame and money. Third, commitments are suggested to work as important mediating variables between motivation and content creativity. We believe commitments are especially important in online environments because they have been found to exert stronger impacts on the Internet users than other relevant factors do. Two types of commitments are suggested in this study: emotional commitment and continuity commitment. Finally, content creativity is proposed as the final dependent variable in this study. We provide a systematic method to measure the creativity of UCC content based on the prior studies in creativity measurement. The method includes expert evaluation of blog pages posted by the Internet users. In order to test the theoretical model of our study, 133 active blog users were recruited to participate in a group discussion as well as a survey. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire on their commitment, motivation and rewards of creating UCC contents. At the same time, their creativity was measured by independent experts using Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Finally, two independent users visited the study participants' blog pages and evaluated their content creativity using the Creative Products Semantic Scale. All the data were compiled and analyzed through structural equation modeling. We first conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to validate the measurement model of our research. It was found that measures used in our study satisfied the requirement of reliability, convergent validity as well as discriminant validity. Given the fact that our measurement model is valid and reliable, we proceeded to conduct a structural model analysis. The results indicated that all the variables in our model had higher than necessary explanatory powers in terms of R-square values. The study results identified several important reward shemes. First of all, skill variety, task importance, task identity, and automony were all found to have significant influences on the intrinsic motivation of creating UCC contents. Also, the relationship with other users was found to have strong influences upon both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Finally, the opportunity to get recognition for their UCC work was found to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation of UCC users. However, different from our expectation, monetary compensation was found not to have a significant impact on the extrinsic motivation. It was also found that commitment was an important mediating factor in UCC environment between motivation and content creativity. A more fully mediating model was found to have the highest explanation power compared to no-mediation or partially mediated models. This paper ends with implications of the study results. First, from the theoretical perspective this study proposes and empirically validates the commitment as an important mediating factor between motivation and content creativity. This result reflects the characteristics of online environment in which the UCC creation activities occur voluntarily. Second, from the practical perspective this study proposes several concrete reward factors that are germane to the UCC environment, and their effectiveness to the content creativity is estimated. In addition to the quantitive results of relative importance of the reward factrs, this study also proposes concrete ways to provide the rewards in the UCC environment based on the FGI data that are collected after our participants finish asnwering survey questions. Finally, from the methodological perspective, this study suggests and implements a way to measure the UCC content creativity independently from the content generators' creativity, which can be used later by future research on UCC creativity. In sum, this study proposes and validates important reward features and their relations to the motivation, commitment, and the content creativity in UCC environment, which is believed to be one of the most important factors for the success of UCC and Web 2.0. As such, this study can provide significant theoretical as well as practical bases for fostering creativity in UCC contents.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.25-53
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• 2007

The Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) of information systems investigates the continued information systems usage behavior. This paper expands the original post-adoption beliefs and searches the applications in the emerging hedonic information systems. Previous IS researches focused on the organizational environments. However as the information technology (especially internet) evolves, information systems have not only emerged for the organizations but also for the individual users, such as internet portals, internet communities, on-line games etc. These information systems so called Hedonic Information Systems aims to provide self-fulfilling value rather than instrumental value to the users. Researches in other disciplines, including marketing and consumer behavior research, illustrate that the hedonic and utilitarian perspective of goods and services have different influence on the consumer behavior. Goods and services used to be classified into either hedonic or utilitarian aspect but now they may belong to both aspects simultaneously. Moreover consumer's goals or tasks have both hedonic utilitarian aspects. When a consumer makes a decision to purchase or repurchase goods or services, he/she compares the hedonic and utilitarian perspectives of goods to find most suitable ones to satisfy their goals/tasks. Finally, consumer's behavior is determined by the trade-off between what the goods can provide to the consumers and in what extent the goods fulfill consumer's purchase behavior. Consumer also shows that the salience of hedonic perspective is relatively greater when consumer decides which of several items to give up (forfeiture choices) than the time when they decide which item to acquire (acquisition choices). Some researches in MIS discipline have found out that the information systems also have both hedonic and utilitarian perspectives. The decision process of whether to use information systems or not is similar to that of a consumer's decision of purchasing or repurchasing goods or services. However most of researches in MIS tend to focus on the extrinsic motivation variables which only cover the utilitarian perspective of information systems. It is only recent that researches start to investigate the intrinsic motivation variable - Perceived Enjoyment - for the hedonic perspective. Considering the consumer's purchasing decision process, users of information systems evaluate the systems through balancing between intrinsic (hedonic) and extrinsic (utilitarian) variables according to their main tasks or tendencies. This paper proposes a model that is based on the ECM of IS Continuance model modified from Expectation Confirmation Model to fit into the continued usage of information system. It first started from the decision process regarding hedonic and utilitarian perspectives in the consumer behavior literatures. The model deals with continued usage of information systems beyond the mere technology adoption as in most of the previous MIS researches. This research is particularly important to the hedonic information systems, because their business model depends on the frequent usages rather simple adoption at the beginning. Because the basic model only considered the extrinsic motivations (perceived usefulness) to explain the users' behavior and as the information systems can have both hedonic and utilitarian dimensions, it should consider both perspectives. Therefore, this newly proposed model considers intrinsic variable (perceived enjoyment) as well. Since the individual user can have a preference on either aspects that is between the hedonic and utilitarian perspective depending on his/her main tasks or goals, some variables (Hedonic Orientation and Utilitarian Orientation) meaning the extents of users' pursuing from the information system were additionally studied.