• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in the offspring and to examine the mediating role of antepartum health risk on the intergenerational transmission of maternal ACEs. Methods: The participants consisted of 461 mother-child dyads. Mothers completed the ACEs questionnaire and Diagnostic Predictive Scales. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the risk of ADHD symptoms in the offspring of mothers with ACEs and the mediating effect of antepartum health risks by path analysis. Results: In all, 35.4% (n=163) had at least one maternal ACE, and 11.1% (n=51) had three or more. Compared to the non-ADHD symptom group, the group of offspring with ADHD symptoms showed a significant association with maternal ACE score (p<0.001) and antepartum health risks (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis further showed a significant association between the sum of maternal ACEs [odds ratio (OR)=1.264, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.060-1.516, p=0.009], antepartum health risks (OR=1.236, 95% CI=1.036-1.475, p=0.019), and ADHD symptoms in the offspring. In the mediation model in which the mother's ACE score affected the offspring's ADHD symptoms, partial mediation through antepartum health risks was found to be significant (B=0.041, 95% CI=0.011-0.124). Conclusion: Maternal ACEs are significantly related to the incidence of ADHD symptoms in the offspring and antepartum health risks exert an indirect effect. These findings suggest that maternal ACEs have a negative impact on the offspring's brain development through intergenerational transmission, resulting in neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2005

연구목적 : 아동의 문제를 주소로 내원한 어머니의 우울증 관련인자를 알아보기 위함이다. 방법 : 50명의 아동과 어머니를 대상으로 지능검사를 포함한 임상 심리검사를 시행하였다. 어머니는 한국형 아동행동 조사표(Korean version of Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist ; K-CBCL)를 선생님은 Teacher's Report Form(TRF)을 작성하였다. 어머니의 우울증 여부에 따라 두 군으로 나누어 조사하였다. 결과 : 총 50명의 어머니 중 $42\%$의 어머니가 우울장애를, $16\%$가 불안 장애를 가지고 있었다. 우울한 어머니는 아동 문제 중 K-CBCL 공격성과 외현화 문제에 높은 점수를 기록하였다. 우울한 어머니의 아동은 지능 검사에서 차례 맞추기와 바꿔쓰기에서 낮은 점수를 보였다. 선생님의 총 문제행동으로 보정을 하였을 때, 어머니의 우울증은 K-CBCL의 공격성, 외현화 문제, 총 문제 행동, 그리고 아동 지능 검사의 바꿔쓰기 항목과 관련이 있었다. 결론 : 아동의 공격적 행동, 외현화 행동, 총 문제 행동, 낮은 바꿔쓰기 점수가 어머니의 우울증과 관련이 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.533-541
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• 2023

Objectives: This study analyzed the relationship between parental body mass index (BMI; BMI_p) and hypertension in their adolescent offspring (HTN_a), focusing on the mediating effect of adolescents' BMI (BMI_a). Methods: Utilizing data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including participants aged 12-18, we conducted a mediation analysis while controlling for confounding factors such as age, sex, physical activity, dietary habits, household income quartile, and parents' alcohol and smoking habits. Results: The study included a total of 5731 participants, of whom 3381 and 5455 participants had data on fathers' and mothers' BMI, respectively. For adolescent systolic blood pressure (SBP_a), the father's BMI (BMI_f) had a significant total effect (β, 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12 to 0.34) and average controlled mediated effect (ACME) (β, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.32), but the average direct effect (ADE) was not significant. The mother's BMI (BMI_m) had a significant total effect (β, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.25), ACME (β, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.28) and ADE (β, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.16 to 0.00). For adolescent diastolic blood pressure, both BMI_f and BMI_m had significant ACMEs (β, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.12 and β, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.12, respectively), BMI_m had a significant ADE (β, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.02) but BMI_f had an insignificant ADE and total effect. Conclusions: The study found that parental BMI had a significant effect on SBP_a, mediated through BMI_a. Therefore, a high BMI in parents could be a risk factor, mediated through BMI_a, for systolic hypertension in adolescents, necessitating appropriate management.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2023

Objectives: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders in childhood. This study aimed to investigate comorbid psychiatric symptoms and associated factors in elementary school children with symptoms of ODD. Methods: The participants consisted of 205 mother-offspring pairs. Psychiatric symptoms were measured using the Diagnostic Predictive Scales and Korean Child Behavior Checklist. Psychiatric comorbid symptoms were compared between children with ODD symptom and those without ODD symptom. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio of psychiatric symptom on ODD. Results: ODD group had a significant association with internalizing and externalizing problem (p=0.001, p<0.001, respectively). ODD group were more comorbid with anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and conduct disorder. Among psychiatric disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=18.620, p<0.001) and conduct disorder (AOR=9.529, p=0.014) were associated with ODD symptom. Conclusion: These findings suggest that children with ODD symptom had significantly higher rates of comorbid psychiatric symptoms. And GAD and conduct disorder are related to ODD symptom.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.837-854
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• 2021

본 연구는 청소년기 자녀 어머니들을 대상으로 양육 경험을 탐색하기 위해 이루어졌다. 연구 참여자는 서울지역의 중학교 1~3학년 자녀의 주 양육자 7명으로 2019년 9월부터 12월까지 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 각 참여자들의 인터뷰 내용을 녹취한 후 전사한 축어록과 인터뷰 요약 내용인 문서 등을 자료로 수집하였다. 본 연구에서는 참여자들이 서술한 경험과 행위에 대한 인식을 연구자가 의미화 할 수 있는 Smith & Osborn (2003)의 해석현상학적 방법으로 분석하였고, 자료 분석 결과 6개의 대주제와 25개의 소주제가 도출되었다. 청소년기 자녀 어머니들의 양육 경험에서 도출된 결과는 크게 6가지로 자녀와 함께 시간보내기의 함의, 당연하지 않은 당위 행동, 표현의 미학, 에너지의 충전 방법, 자녀에게 남기고 싶은 정신적 유산, 유연성이다. 본 연구의 연구결과는 임상 실천 분야에서 어머니들이 어떻게 청소년기 자녀와 상호작용해야할 지에 대한 보편성과 특수성의 양방향을 제시해줄 수 있다고 본다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 예방적이고 교육적인 차원에서 청소년기 자녀의 어머니들이 양육자로서 자녀와 어떤 상호작용을 하면 좋을지에 대한 건강한 반응의 제시를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2018

Breastfeeding is highly recommended due to its benefits for both the infant and mother; however, most mothers predominantly use formula feed. Breastfeeding affords protection against a wide variety of medical conditions that may emerge at different time points over the lifespan, including hospital admissions for respiratory infections and neonatal fever, offspring childhood obesity, and cancer as well as cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Moreover, breastfeeding is expected to decrease the risk of adolescent depression and other psychopathologies. It is also important for the development of the gut, gut-brain axis, and immune system, and night-time breast milk is likely to have higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulatory effects due to the impact of breast milk melatonin on the infant's developing microbiome and gut permeability. Melatonin can be added to a night-time-specific formula feed; however, it is not included in the Korean Food Additive Codex.