• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 1983

A total of 47 patients with a diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was treated in Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital during last 4 years. Of the 47 patients, 23(49%) had undifferentiated carcinoma, 20(43%) had squamous cell carcinoma, while 4(8%) had lymphoepithelioma. Most of the patients(71%) has Stage IV disease, cervical lymph node metastases were found in 36(77%) and distant metastasis was found in 1 at the time of diagnosis. Complete response rate after radiotherapy for 47 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 85.1%. The overall actuarial 3 year survival rates was 0.718 and the disease free actuarial 3 year survival rates was 0.468. Nodal involvement and symptom duration were statistically significiant influencing factors for actuarial survival rate. Treatment failures were found in 20 patients (42.6%), local recurrence only in 6(30%), local and neck recurrence in 3(15%), local recurrence with metastasis in 4(20%) and distant metastasis only in 7(35%). Local failures were more frequent in the patients with cranial nerve symptoms (P=0.032). Distant metastases were more frequent with T4 lesions (P=0.047), and with nodal involvement (P<0.01). Retreatment after the tumor recurrence was chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, two pationts refreated for local recurrence were alive without evidence of disease for more than 19 and 44 months after retreatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1383-1390
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• 1992

This is the result of the annual statistic analysis of thoracic and cardiovascular surgical cases in 1991, Korea. 14,715 cases of surgery[thoracic 8,995/cardiovascular 5,720] were done by 53 institutes replied. The order of frequency of cell type in primary lung cancer was squamous [62.3%] / adeno [23.9%] / small [6.4%] / adenosquamous [3.0%], and in mediastinal tumor, neurogenic[27.l%] / thymoma [27.1%] / teratoma[26.4%] / congenital cystic[12.0%]. Surgery for tuberculosis was decreased to 15.8% of overall infectious disease from the recent 6 year`s average 35.7%. In general thoracic surgery, the single most frequent operation was closed thoracostomy[4,047 cases] for pleural pathology. The ratio of congenital to acquired heart disease was 2:1, and acyanotic to cyanotic was 3:1. The order of frequency of congenital acyanotic heart disease was VSD [45.6%] / ASD [25.6%] / PDA [20.4%] / PS [2.9%], and that of cyanotic heart disease was TOF [42.6%] / PA [12.9%] / TGA [9.9%] / DORV [8.8%]. In 1,364 cases of valvular surgery, single mitral pathology was the most frequent candidate[729 cases, 53.4%]. In 243 cases of coronary surgery, bypassing graft materials were great saphenous vein[41.6%], internal mammary [39.5%], and artificial vessel[18.9%]. There were no specific differences in aortic surgery, assisted device implantation, and antiarrhythmic surgery as compared to previous study. This nation-wide inquiry will be continued and reported annually by KTCS Society.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2004

Sleep is associated with definite changes in respiratory function in normal human beings. During sleep, there is loss of voluntary control of breathing and a decrease in the usual ventilatory response to both low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels. Especially, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a distinct neurophysiological state associated with significant changes in breathing pattern and ventilatory control as compared with both wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. REM sleep is characterized by erratic, shallow breathing with irregularities both in amplitude and frequency owing to marked reduction in intercostal and upper airway muscle activity. These blunted ventilatory responses during sleep are clinically important. They permit marked hypoxemia that occurs during REM sleep in patients with lung or chest wall disease. In addition, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is more frequent and longer and hypoventilation is more pronounced during REM sleep. Although apneic episodes are most frequent and severe during REM sleep, most adults spend less than 20 to 25% of total sleep time in REM sleep. It is, therefore, possible for patients to have frequent apneas and hypopneas during REM sleep and still have a normal apnea-hypopnea index if the event-rich REM periods are diluted by event-poor periods of NREM sleep. In this review, we address respiratory physiology according to sleep stage, and the clinical implications of SDB and hypoventilation aggravated during REM sleep.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제12권1권
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• pp.41-69
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of the home care nursing program conducted jointly by thirty two catholic churches and C hospital in Seoul. Method: The subjects included 173 patients who registered for the program during a 4 month-period from November 1, 2004 to February 28, 2005 and received home care services for more than 4 times and 32 professional nurses participating in the program. Using the concept of medical outcome study (MOS), the structure, process, outcome elements were analyzed. Result: 1) A Catholic homecare nursing center and nurses of the C hospital played a central role in providing nursing care, and each church operated its own vehicle from its own office. Home care nurse's job satisfaction was 2.8 out of total score of 4. The major illness was cerebrovascular disease including stroke followed by skeletomuscular disease including degenerative arthritis cancer, and diabetes. Among reasons for accessing the home care nursing program, hypertension management was most prevalent. More than half of the registration was done through catholic churches. Most people who referred the patient to the program was through the church. Most patients received home care nursing 1-2 times a week for 30 to 60 minutes in average and the most frequent type of service provided was basic nursing. 3) The most frequent reason for terminating home care services was death. The change in PPS(Palliative Performance Scale) level from the time of registration and after 4 visits was the same in 45%, decreased in 30%, and improved in 25%. Patient satisfaction was very high, showing 3.4 out of total score of 4. Conclusion: These results proved that the home care nursing program was highly appreciated by subjects and nurses were providing professional care. Thus the two parties involved in the program were actively supporting the program to fulfill their mission. However, several areas needed to be improved such as relating with local community, relating with family doctor, and issue of improving the working conditions for home care nurses.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.822-834
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• 1985

Reexpansion of the lung is the most desirable method of filling the pleural space whether it`s contents may be, and closed thoracotomy connected to a water-seal drainage remains the basic therapeutic modality in the treatment of the problems of the pleural space. We usually used rubber mushroom tubes, size No. from 16 to 34 Fr., and performed closed thoracotomy after preliminary thoracentesis to determine the exact depending position. Author reviewed 576 cases of closed thoracotomy which were performed in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, since Jan., 1980 to June, 1984. The results were as follows: 1. The age distribution was 10 days to 76 years old and mean age of the patients was 36.6 year, and the most prevalent age group was twenties, and sex predisposition was male dominant, 86.9%. 2. The most common etiologic disease group was pneumothorax and the most common etiologic disease was traumatic hemothorax. 3. Sites of tubing were predominantly at posterior axillary line, 7th intercostal space and midclavicular line, 2nd intercostal space even though frequent presence of free pleural space. The two sides, right and left difference of occurrence rate was more frequent at right side, 51.2%. 4. Usually the durations of tubing was less than 10 days, 52.6%, and the number of tubes used to the same patient concomitantly was one, 73.9%, and the time of tubing to the same patient was 1st, 83.6%. 5. The common symptom and sign were dyspnea, 50.0%, chest pain, 30.7%, cough, 10.7%, fever, 6.5%. Especially, fever and cough was the most common symptom and sign in pyogenic empyema, 59.3%. 6. The common etiologic lesions of pneumothorax were blebs and bullae, 73.3%, and of pyogenic empyema was pneumonia, 69.0%. 7. The complication rate of closed thoracotomy was 26.0%. Among these complications, infection was 44.7%, and intercostal neuralgia was 25.3%. 8. 70.9% of all patients recovered with only closed thoracotomy and the rest of patient needed additional some necessary managements such as open thoracotomy [Blebectomy, Resection, Pleurodesis, Decortication, Bleeding control], open drainage, thoracoplasty and so on to have successful results.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correct use of inhalers and to examine the patients characteristics affecting correct use of inhalers in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. Method: Subjects were 280 patients with obstructive pulmonary disease who visited the internal pulmonary outpatient departments in 2 university hospitals in Korea. Inhaler use of each patient was assessed using a checklist recommended by the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Expert Panel. Result: Most subjects used a DPI or MDI. The overall mean score of correct use was 72.09. Most subjects responded they knew well how to use their inhalers. Most frequent error was 'not fully exhaling before inhalation'. A younger age, higher educational level, living with family, and awareness of inhaler use were significantly associated with correct use of inhalers. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that most of patients were unable to use inhalers correctly even though they had prior educational experiences. Regular assessing of inhaler use and adequate inhaler education considering patients characteristics by nurses are needed.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.387-395
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• 1999

This observation was aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations and clinical incidence of $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease. It was records of patients seen in the period between January 1992 and December 1998 at the Department of Dermatology, Oriental Medical Hospital, Kyung Hee University. $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease is a chronic, systemic disease which manifests itself as recurrent, multiple lesions in many organs, including the skin. The clinical features of $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease are important as there is no reliable method of laboratory diagnosis. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The total number of patients were 34, including $42\%$ male and $52\%# female. 2. The pick incidence of age group was 30 to 39($44\%$). 3. The most frequent duration was from 2 years to 5 years($41\%$). 4. According to Diagnostic Criteria of the $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease Research committee of Japan, there were $41\%\;of\;Incomplete\;type,\;29\%\;of\;Suspected,\;24\%\;of\;Complete,\;6\%$ of Passible. 5. The most common major symtom is a oral u1cer($91\%$), and there were erythema nodosum like lesion($79\%$), genital ulcer($56\%$), problem of the eyes($38\%$). 6. The most common minor symtom was arthritis($32\%$). 7. The first main symtom were oral ulcer($50\%$), erythema nodosum like lesion($26\%$), problem of the eyes($18\%$). 8. There were 2 cases of Intestinal $Beh{\varsigma}et's$ Disease and 5 cases of uveitis. 9. The most frequently treated prescription was Eunhwasagantang which occupied 79 of all, Gamisopunghwalhultang($44\%$) a.nd Gamipadoksan($41\%$), Gamiguakjungsan($24\%$) in that order of frequency.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to review the current clinical studies about the effect of herbal medicine for Parkinson's disease in China over the last 5 years and then to suggest the foundation for treatment and further studies. We had searched for studies in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI, http://www.cnki.net) and PubMed from January 2010 to December 2014. Key words were the various combinations of '帕金森', '湯', '丸', '散', '中醫藥', 'Parkinson's disease', and 'herbal medicine'. Total 53 clinical studies were selected and analyzed. The most frequently used diagnostic criteria of Parkinson's disease was the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS). The most frequently used medical herb was Paeoniae Radix alba(白芍藥) more 30 times and the highest amount was Astragali radix(黃芪) 100g per day. The most frequent syndrome differentiation was liver kidney yin deficiency(肝腎陰 虛). We found out there are many clinical studies of herbal medicine for Parkinson's disease in China. These studies would be able to provide the basis of clinical research on Parkinson's disease, and also applied to the treatment of Parkinson's disease in Korea.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.582-587
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• 1987

Castleman`s disease, giant lymph node hyperplasia, is a rare benign disease. The lesion usually consists of a single node, unassociated with any abnormality of the adjacent lymph nodes or other organs. In the first accounts of giant lymph node hyperplasia of Castleman, the lesion was described as solitary and localized to the mediastinum, which is still the most frequent site of involvement. The disease occurs in all age groups and there is no particular sex preference. It is symptomless and is usually detected on chest films as an incidental finding. On a single involvement, it does not recur after excision, whether total or partial, and the main indication of operation is to rule out more serious tumors. Recently multicentric form appears to be a variant of classic giant lymph node hyperplasia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Histologically, two distinct types have been reported; hyaline-vascular and plasma cell. The hyaline-vascular type of lesion is much more common than the plasma cell type. We report two cases of the hyaline-vascular type of Castleman`s disease.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제81권3호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequent comorbid condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia is the most common infectious disease condition. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the impact of pneumonia in patients with COPD. We will evaluate the epidemiology and factors associated with pneumonia. We are discussing the clinical characteristics of COPD that may favor the development of infections conditions such as pneumonia. Over the last 10 years, there is an increased evidence that COPD patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids are at increased risk to develp pneumonia. We will review the avaialbe information as well as the possible mechanism for this events. We also discuss the impact of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in the prevention of pneumonia in COPD patients.