• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.875-888
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• 2008

Mosaic plots, proposed by Hartigan and Kleiner (1981, 1984), are very useful in visualizing categorical data. In mosaic plot, multi-way classified cell frequencies are represented by rectangles with proportional area. The plot is easy to understand while preserving the information contained in the data. Plot's appearance, however, does change substantially depending on the order of variables and the orders of categories with variable put into the plot. In this study, we propose the algorithms for ordering variables and categories of the categorical data to be explored via mosaic plots. We demonstrate our methods to three well-known datasets: Titanic, Housing and PreSex.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.457-464
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose an overlapped mosaic plot which proposed by Hartigan and Kleiner(1981) represents the counts in $2{\times}2$ contingency table directly by tiles whose area is proportional to the cell frequency. Overlapped mosaic plot provides some measurements of association including dynamic graphics for mosaic plots. Dynamic graphics for mosaic plots give some useful informations when one gets some measurements of association and selects a model, and current statistical software does not provide this feature. We can see the deviations between observation and estimate of independence from overlapped mosaic plot. This dynamic graphics give some useful informations how far this data are apart from independence.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2010

This study is about the dynamic graphics which can be used for the exploration of the characteristics of data comprising discrete and continuous variables. Simultaneously using line mosaic plot for the relation of discrete variables and box plot together with scatter plot for the relation of continuous variables, we have applied dynamic methods among these plots to demonstrate that the structure and characteristics of the multivariate data could be easily analyzed.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1972

Nine shrub layer communities under two relatively well conserved natural summer green forests in the central region of Korean Peninsula were studied for the pattern of stem distribution in terms of Greig-Smith's multiple split-plot experiment and for the association between the population of the two main species in terms of Kershaw's covariance analysis respectively. Four contiguous belt transects, $4{\times}64m size with 1{\times}1m$ basic unit, were set in each shrub layer communities. Significant primary clumps with $1{\times}1m or 1{\times}2m$ dimension wer observed consistently throughout the nine study sites. The primary clumps themselves were significantly distributed either regularly or at random. The association between the two principal species of each shrub layer is highly significantly either positive or negative in $1{\times}1m or 1{\times}2m$ dimension. As the plot size increases from $1{\times}1m to 8{\times}8m$ the associational trends were changed from negative to positive direction in one forests. But the change from positive to negative direction and the consistent negative association were also observed from the other forest. All of the association trends were observed only from $1{\times}1m to 4{\times}4m$ dimension. These results are suggestive that the distributional pattern of the shrub layer species under the summer green forest is simple mosaic fashioned with $1{\times}1m or 1{\times}2m$ dimension. The rest of the principal species are located in that matrix. The simple mosaic pattern of two principal species are located in that matrix. The simple mosaic pattern of two principal species seems to be controlled by change in micro-environmental pattern. Differences between the primary random group and clumped group among sites also suggest that competition exists for light or/and soil between primary clumped groups.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.465-474
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• 2004

Data visualization is the automation process and the discovery process to data sets in an effort to discover underlying information from the data. It provides rich visual depictions of the data. It has distinct advantages over traditional data analysis techniques such as exploring the structure of large scale data set both in the sense of number of observations and the number of variables by allowing great interaction with the data and end-user. We discuss the principles of data visualization and evaluate the characteristics of various tools of visualization according to these principles.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.49
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• pp.465-491
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• 2017

This paper analyzes the short animation film which faithfully follows the external dimension of cartoons, and studies the hidden subject and the way of narrative in the back of the figure. In this process, we analyze the theme of using the analysis method of mosaic image. The narrative of cartoons is usually the majority in discussing the differences in the aspectual part. However, this animation uses cartoons to reach the linear narrative of ordinary narrative movies. As Janet Murray explains, if a 'mosaic image' approaches a theme through a mosaic approach, we can limit the 'mosaic film' that are introduced in the film format among them. First of all, conceptually uses the characteristics of 'mosaic image', at the same time, it utilizes a work utilizing the narrative features of 'mosaic film'. By analyzing this animation film by bifurcation, the first half reveals the characteristics of open-minded mosaic video platform, and the second half introduces the linear narrative method of film narrative. This paper divides the narrative method of 'multi plot Film' into three types: mosaic narrative film, network narrative film, and multi-draft film. Thus, we can analyze the ending of as a narrative method of 'network narrative film' which is composed of parallel or juxtaposed stories. In other words, if the early part of the animation follows the 'mosaic narrative' as an 'extension of ensemble film', the latter part faithfully follows 'network narrative'. Even in the way of talking about the subject, this animated film uses the way of speaking the mosaic image. Considering the aspectual tendency of cartoons, it can be said that this film derives the meaning of 'humor' or 'satire' in an open way. If the first half refers to 'the ambiguous routine of modern man', the latter half draws a profound theme called 'the reality of human selfishness in modern society'. is a film for a wide range of social criticism designed for adults who can interpret meaning.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.501-505
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• 2003

The growth characteristics and damage of naked barley infected with barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) were investigated between resistant and susceptible varieties in habitual field plot of BaYMV BaYMV of the barley plants with typical disease symptom were identified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The visual degree (0-9) based on disease symptoms of BaYMV was different as 9 and 1 between susceptible variety Baegdong and resistant variety Naehanssalbori, respectively. Susceptible variety, Baegdong showed significant damage in culm length, number of kernel per spike and tiller per square meter but not in 1,000 kernel weight, so these results caused yield reduction to only 80% comparing to the control. Seed germination did not affected by BaYMV infection both in susceptible and resistant variety. In grain quality test, abortive grain yale and crude protein content were significantly increased compared to the control. The relationships between BaYMV infection and growth characteristics showed the negative correlations in culm length, number of tiller, 1000 kernel weight and yield, but it showed the positive correlation in crude protein contents. These results implied that BaYMV can affect not only barley growth and yield but grain quality.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.45-50
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• 2001

In recent, non virus-induced mosaic symptoms(NVMS) on potato leaves were observed in the seed potato fields, and its incidence rate was $5{\sim}20%$ nationwide. It made difficult to rogue out virus-infected plants, and caused much arguments between seed potato production farmers and seed potato inspectors. The objectives of these experiments were to find out the causes of NVMS, and also to induce mosaic symptom(phytotoxicity) on potato plants by treatment of several herbicides. No significant correlations were found between incidence rates of NVMS and values from soil analyses; soil pH, soil EC, organic matter content, and contents of inorganic constituents($P_2O_5,\;NO_3$, Ca, Mg, K) in the soil around the potato planted. The examinations by ELISA, virus indicator plants, and TEM showed that NVMS on potato leaves was not caused by the viruses infection. But, the use of herbicides could induced the NVMS on potato leaves. The incidence rates of potato treated with pendimethalin linuron of 400 mL/10 a, pendimethalin of 200 mL/10 a, pendimethalin.oxadiazon of 300 mL/10 a, and control were 61.1%, 47.2%, 19.4%, and 1.4%, respectively. Based on these results, we confirmed that the treatment of pendimethalin alone and in mixture with other herbicides were the reason of NVMS on potato leaves. The yields among test plots were similar except dicamba treated plot, which decreased by about 23% compared to control plot. When their progenies harvested in 1999 were planted in the following season, no symptoms of mosaic were observed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.353-355
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• 2000

The seasonal occurrence of aphids was investigated in the soybean Held to increase the control efficiency of aphid vectors of Soybean Mosaic Virus. The patterns of aphids occurrence were different according to planting time. There were two peaks in late June and mid-August in aphid population in optimum seeding (May 20), whereas the peak was around mid-June in early seeding(Apr, 20). Acyrthosiphon solani was dominant Species in early seeding, while Aphis glycines was dominant in optimum seeding. In early seeding, SMV incidence increased rapidly between 20 June and 30 June, suggesting that virus spread was strongly correlated with increased colonization of aphids. Imidacloprid WP, benfuracarb EC and acephate WP showed a good effect for the control of aphids without phytotoxicity. In the plot with infurrow treatment of imidachloprid G until 52 days after shooting, aphids were controled effectively. Acephate WP was applied as a foliar spray at V4, V6, or V4/V6 stage and all the treatments were effective on reducing: SMV incidence.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2009

We studied bird communities among in rice field (46 plots), short grallland (47plot), and tall grass mixed shrub (21 plots) during dry season, January 2007 in Boeung Prek Lapouv (BPL) Important Bird Area, Mekong Delta, Cambodia using the point-count method. Water depth, vegetation height and shrub density were significantly different among the three study areas. We recorded, 60 bird species, of which 13 differed significantly among habitats. Landbirds such as Grey-breasted Prinia (Prinia hodgsonii) and Oliver-black Sunbird (Nectarinia jugularis) were much more abundant (P<0.0001) in the tall grass mixed shrub, whereas the Sarus Crane (Grus antigone), herons and egrets were more abundant in the short grass (P<0.05). Bird species richness and species abundances were not significantly different among habitats. Bird species diversity (H') was higher in grasslands than in rice fields. Mosaic habitat matrix, such as rice field, short grass, and tall grass mixed shrub, should be maintained for the extend and quality of wetlands, and the prevailing human-land use patterns, appear adequate and conductive for waterbirds in the Mekong Delta, Cambodia.