• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2012

The NE Asiatic Solidago virgaurea complex in Korea has been reported on 5 taxa (S. virgaurea subsp. asiatica, S. virgaurea var. taquetii, S. virgaurea var. coreana, S. virgaurea subsp. leiocarpa, and S. virgaurea subsp. gigantea). However, the broad morphological variations and a lack of diagnostic characteristics have made it difficult to distinguish these taxa and have thus resulted in a complicated taxonomy in the complex. Therefore, to clarify the classification and delimitation of each taxon, the morphological characteristics of the S. virgaurea complex were investigated by examining the original descriptions and type specimens. Field work was also conducted to investigate the morphological and geographic features. In conclusion, S. japonica Kitam., as a legitimate name, was distributed all over the country except for the Is. Ulleung-do in Korea, as distinguished from S. virgaurea L. Both S. virgaurea var. taquetii and S. virgaurea var. coreana were considered as synonyms of S. japonica, as their morphological characteristics were within the variation range of those of S. japonica. Furthermore, S. virgaurea subsp. leiocarpa does not occur in Korea. Additional investigations are required to clarify the classification of S. virgaurea subsp. gigantea, whose populations were not found during the investigation in this study. S. dahurica, meanwhile, was distributed in the northern part of North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-149
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• 2008

Taxonomic treatment and the identification key for 6 species and 4 varieties from the genus Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) in Korea were presented on the basis of the morphological analyses. Recently the taxonomy of the genus Asarum in Korea is controversial in the definition of species and the establishment of variation range. Our morphological studies supported that the species A. patens, A. misandrum and A. versicolor should be recognized as independent species by the unique morphological characters such as calyx lobes, stylar protuberance and leaf variegation. Second, A. sieboldii var. cornutum, A. koreanum, A. maculatum and A. sonunsanense, regarded as species or variety by different scholars, showed a close relationship with A. sieboldii by the similar calyx characters. Thus, new combinations, such as A. sieboldii for. cornutum, A. sieboldii for. koreanum, A. sieboldii for. maculatum and A. sieboldii for. sonunsanense, are proposed. And A. heterotropoides var. seoulense and A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum also had a close relationship, thus, new combinations, A. mandshuricum for. seoulense, A. mandshuricum for. mandshuricum, are proposed. Furthermore, it is appropriate that A. heterotropoides var. heterotropoides, only distributed in Japan, is revised into A. heterotropoides as independent species by the unique character from the 2 varieties above. Consequently, the genus Asarum in Korea is classified into 3 species and 7 forma.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.2 s.58
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• pp.157-162
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• 2005

To clarify the key characteristics of Korean brown frogs (R. dybowskii, R. huanrenesis and R. amurensis coreana), this study employed a morphological and morphometrical comparisons among brown frogs found in Korea and Japanese endemic species, R. tsushimensis. As a result, it was considered that the key characteristics were the shape of the finger and toe tips, the markings of the lower jaw, the presence or absence of an upper lip line, the development of toe webbing, and the shape of the vomerine teeth series by morphological comparisons of brown frogs. Also, there were significant differences in tympanum diameters and foot lengths of the four species of brown frogs. Therefore, a comparison between morphological and morphometric characters is an effective way to clarify the identification of brown frogs.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.227-245
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• 2005

Numerical analysis using morphological characters was done in order to clarify taxonomic circumscriptions and identities of Korean endemic, Cirsium setidens (Dunn) Nakai, Cirsium chanroenicum Nakai, and Cirsium toraiense Nakai ex Kitam.. Principal components analysis of C. setidens and C. chanroenicum using 29 morphological characters and 12 leaves characters revealed one group which could not separate. Identity of C. toraiense could not be confirmed by the destruction of habitat, similarity of morphological diagnostic characters between many specimens identified C. toraiense including type specimen and C. japonicum var. ussuriense. In considering the variational patterns of morphological characters, it is strongly suggested that identities of C. setidens f. alba, C. setidens var. niveo-araneum, and C setidens var. pinnatifolium should be recognized, but C. chanroenicum var. lanceolata should be included to circumscription of C. setidens.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.293-308
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• 2006

Genetic and morphological studies using morphological and isozymic data from 20 populations of 6 Korea Hylotelephium were conducted to resolve the species relationships and the origin of polyploid species. The results of morphological studies suggest that triploid H. viviparum is closely related to H. verticillatum, and the high frequency alleles of two species were very similar each other in isozyme analyses. Unique fixation of $PGI-1^b$ in two species supports that H. verticillatum should be the diploid ancestor of H. viviparum. However, a unique $ALD-1^c$ allele is present in H. viviparum, and the lack of the common alleles of H. erythrostictum and H. spectabile in this species eliminated them from the candidates of another tetraploid ancestor of H. viviparum. Based on the high morphological and genetic similarities, our results supported that the Korea endemic H. viridescens might be originated from the H. erythrostictum or share a common ancestor with it. Besides, H. ussuriense is closely related with H. erythrostictum and H. viridescens.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.352-358
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• 2006

We reconsidered the taxonomy of lizards in Korea on the basis of morphological characters of collected specimens and previously published data. A total of 138 specimens were used in this study, which were collected from April 1996 to October 2005, From the observations, we presented keys to classify Korean lizards. Also, we indicated sampling sites for each species on the Korean map. In addition, we added some remarks on the distribution of Gekko japonicus, the study of genus Scincella and the synonym of genus Takydromus. Especially, it was uncertain whether the southern Korean Peninsula is a natural habitat of Takydromus tachydromoides oldi which will be necessary in further study.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.93-114
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• 2016

As a means of improving Korean Soil Classification System, we have reviewed Australian Soil Classification System by comparing Soil Taxonomy and FAO/WRB Classification System. Australian Soil Classification System is composed of 14 of Order, 87 of Sub-order, 556 of Great-group, 2,451 of Sub-group, and 7,276 of Family. Interestingly, soil order has the Anthroposols which is not classified with Soil Taxonomy, and the classification for some of soils is based on soil texture abruption horizon and soil structure. Seven of 14 soil orders are classified with an old version based on soil color rather than morphological characteristics. The distribution scale of Australian soil order is the largest in Tenosols, and followed by Kandosols, Rudosols, Sodosols and Vertisols in Australia.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.204-208
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• 2002

A Streptomyces sp. isolated from a soil sample collected in Taejeon, Korea has previously been found to produce two new polyene antibiotics. The two new antibiotics were named "16-methyloxazolomycin (antibacterial)" and "tetrin C (antifungal)", and their chemical structures are presented elsewhere [10, 11]. In the current study, chemotaxonomy, numerical taxonomy, and ISP methods were all employed for the taxonomic study. The spore chains were spirales and the spore surface was smooth. The spore mass was a gray series and no melanin pigment was produced. On the basis of the morphological and physiological properties, the microorganism was identified to be Streptomyces erumpens, belonging to the gray series of category IV, as defined by Bergey′s Manual. Tetrin C at the concentration of 20 ${\mu}g$/ml demonstrated a potent in vivo (pot test) preventive effect against rice blast, rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, wheat powdery mildew, and barley leaf rust.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-110
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• 2005

A taxonomic study on the genus Mesocyclops has been accomplished as one of the serial researches on the freshwater cyclopoid cope pods in South Korea. As a result, five species are recognized: M. leuckarti (Claus), M. pehpeiensis Hu, M. dissimilis Defaye and Kawabata, M. woutersi Van de Verde, and M. mariae Guo. Of these, M. dissimilis, M. woutersi, and M. mariae are new to Korean fauna. Morphological details of each species and the intraspecific variabilities are commented. A key to the species of genus Mesocyclops known from Korea is provided.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.208-215
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• 1998

Since the advent of conceptual prototype and seminal application, the notion of national systems of innovation(NSI) has drawn an increasing recognition. Although the morphological entanglement is still ubiquitous and the theoretical underpinning is fragile, NSI seems to be the last step toward an increasingly complex and encompassing concept of innovation research. Inevitably, NSI necessitates the comparative analysis in that it normatively attempts to draw best practices. Unfortunately, national profiles are too complex and diverse to derive a unified, concrete representation of the system, posing the problem of defining and modelling NSI for international comparison. This paper aims at providing an inductive taxonomy of NSI based on R&D structure of OECD member economies. Based on the similarity among national profiles, clustering method was applied to identify seven clusters such as (1) enterprise-government funding and enterprise-education performing group, (2) enterprise-government funding and balanced performing group, (3) balanced funding and enterprise-education performing group, (4) balanced funding and performing group, (5) enterprise-dominating group, (6) government-education dominating group and (7) government-education funding and education performing group. This paper by nature is descriptive and exploratory. R&D structure represents a static snapshot of innovative performance since it accounts for only the input side of NSI and thus may not offer convincing explanations of the holistic innovation system. A more detailed and extensive analysis on the economic/technological performance across clusters will shed light on the promising avenue to future research.