• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2014

A total of 67 watermelon accessions which include 37 accessions from Korean and 27 accessions from Turkish germplasm and 3 accessions of other related species from USA were investigated for morphological characteristics. The UPOV descriptor list for 56 characters (6 seedlings, 4 plants, 11 leaves, 5 flowers, 23 fruits and 7 seeds) was used in characterization. In addition, eight quantitative characters, hypocotyl length, cotyledon width, cotyledon length, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, thickness of outer layer of pericarp and soluble solid content were also measured. The 56 qualitatively scored characters were analyzed by principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) while the eight quantitative ones were subjected to principle component analysis (PCA). Morphological characterization result demonstrated that the accessions displayed high morphological diversity(how much percent?). A high level of phenotypic diversity was observed from the results of morphological characterization. However, plant growth habit and leaf blade flecking showed constant characters for all of the accessions. The Korean and Turkish watermelon genotypes are diverse groups and can be separated by both multivariate analysis of morphological characters although the grouping was more apparent in PCoS results.

• Plant Resources
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.211-218
• /
• 2000

Intraspecific genetic relationship of 19 variation types of the Yam (Dioscorea alata) classified by their external morphological characteristics such as leaf and tuber shape were assessed by DNA using random and specific primer. Twenty two out of 113 primers (100 random[10-mer] primers, two 15 mer [M13 core sequence, and (GGAT)$_4$ sequence]) had been used in PCR-amplification. Only 12 primers, however, were success in DNA amplification in all of the analyzed plants, resulting in 93 randomly and specifically amplified DNA fragments. The analyzed taxa showed very high polymorphisms(69 bands, 71.0 %), allowing individual taxon to be identified based on DNA fingerprinting. Monomorphic bands among total amplified DNA bands of each primer was low under the 50%. Similarity indices between accessions were computed from PCR(polymerase chain reaction) data, and genetic relationships among intraspecific variations were closely related at the levels ranging from 0.66 to 0.90. These DNA data were not matched well with those of morphological characters since they were divided into two major groups at the similarity coefficient value of 0.70. Therefore, Grouping of species into variation types by mainly morphological charactistics was suggested unreasonable.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.199-205
• /
• 2003

It has been considered that genus Cosmarium including Staurastrum had the problems in grouping by morphological characters. Sequence data for the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit III (coxIII) were employed to compare with taxa of two divisions of this genus, with sections in each, for evaluating the taxonomic stability of these morphological characters. The division and section systems were not coincided with the phylogeny inferred from coxIII sequences, as the previous reports from us using nuclear rDNA ITS and chloroplast rbcL sequence comparisons in this genus. Two taxa of Staurastrum were not placed within a same clade each other, and one taxon of these was grouped in Arthrodesmus clade. Two genera, Cosmarium and Staurastrum, cannot be regarded as monophyletic from this result. Mitochondrial coxIII gene was considered as a useful phylogenetic tool to evaluate evolutionary relationships of desmids as in the case of land plants.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.383-390
• /
• 2005

The diversity of the denitrifying bacterial populations in Daejeon Sewage Treatment Plant was examined using a culture-dependent approach. Of the three hundred and seventy six bacterial colonies selected randomly from agar plates, thirty-nine strains that showed denitrifying activity were selected and subjected to further analysis. According to the morphological and biochemical properties, the thirty nine isolates were divided into seven groups. This grouping was supported by an unweighted pair group method, using an arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis with fatty acid profiles. Restriction pattern analysis of 16S rDNA with four endonucleases (AluI, BstUI, MspI and RsaI) again revealed seven distinct groups, consistent with those defined from the morphological and biochemical properties and fatty acid profiles. Through the phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rDNA partial sequences, the main denitrifying microbial populations were found to be members of the phylum, Proteobacteria; in particular, classes Gammaproteobacteria (Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacter) and Betaproteobacteria (Acidovorax, Burkholderia and Comamonas), with Firmicutes, represented by Bacillus, also comprised a major group.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.390-395
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we design an on-road vehicle detection system based on the combination of a camera and a LIDAR system. In the proposed system, the candidate area is selected from the LIDAR data using a grouping algorithm. Then, the selected candidate area is scanned by an SVM to find an actual vehicle. The morphological edged images are used as features in a camera. The principal components of the edged images called eigencar are employed to train the SVM. We conducted experiments to show that the on-road vehicle detection system developed in this paper demonstrates about 80% accuracy and runs with 20 scans per second on LIDAR and 10 frames per second on camera.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.179-182
• /
• 2001

Chitin synthases(UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine: chitin 4-$\beta$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl transferase, EC 2.4.1.16) catalyze the synthesis of chitin from UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Two zymogenic type of chitin synthase gene(TmCHS1 and TmCHS2) were amplified and its nucleotide sequences were determined. By the amino acid comparison and UPGMA tree grouping, TmChs1 and TmChs2 were classified as class II and class IV chitin synthases respectively. The class II type TmChs1 was grouped with others of Agaricales ectomycorrhizal mushroom. Additionally the phylogenetic tree was well adapted to Hymenomycete previously classified by morphological and physiological characteristics.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.385-390
• /
• 1989

1986년 8월부터 12월까지 낙동강 하구에서 161주의 운동성 Aeromona를 분리한 후 42가지의 형태학적, 생화학적 특성은 조사하여 cluster 분석을 한 결과 85% 유사도 수준에서의 3개의 주 cluster와 84% 유사도 수준에서의 2개의 소수 cluster의 5 cluster로 나눌 수 있었다. 각 cluster는 MR반응과 glucose으로부터의 가스생성 여부의 생화학석 특성에 의하여 구분이 되었다. 2개의 소수 cluster를 포함한 5새의 cluster는 교차응집 실험에 의해 크게 2개의 혈청학적 cluster로 나뉘어졌으며, 이러한 결과는 독성실험에 의한 grouping 결과와 일치하였다.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.97-108
• /
• 2024

The Ralfsiaceae family, part of the Ralfsiales order and consisting of crustose brown algae, includes five genera: Analipus, Endoplura, Fissipedicella, Heteroralfsia, and Ralfsia. In this study, a novel crustose genus named Ramipedicella gen. nov. is introduced within the Ralfsiaceae based on molecular and morphological analyses. Phylogenetic analyses using both concatenated dataset (rbcL + COI-5P genes) and rbcL indicate that the crustose brown algae that we collected from Korea and Russia form a unique grouping within the Ralfsiaceae. This grouping is strongly supported by both bootstrap analysis and Bayesian posterior probabilities. The genetic differences in the rbcL and COI-5P sequences between Ramipedicella and other genera within Ralfsiaceae range from 6.7 to 9.3% for rbcL and from 15.5 to 20.8% for COI-5P. Ramipedicella is characterized by crustose thalli having new crusts growing on top of old ones with a hypothallial basal layer and erect perithallial filaments, long cells with width-to-length ratio of 1 : 1-16, single chloroplast per cell, plurangia with one to several sterile cells, one to several unangia produced from unicellular stalks or from the lateral-basal region to the paraphyses, and unangia arising sequencially in irregularly branched specialized filaments. Ramipedicella, the recently identified genus, comprises two distinct species. Ramipedicella miniloba, the type species, is distinguished by crusts with small lobes, numerous hair tufts, plurangia terminated by 1-4 sterile cells, and large oblong unangia. Ramipedicella longicellularis is identified by generally smooth crusts, absence of phaeophycean hairs, plurangia terminated by 1-2 apical sterile cells, and smaller mostly oblanceolate unangia.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.135-142
• /
• 2013

본 외곽선 탐지는 모양 판별 및 객체 인식과 같은 많은 컴퓨터 시각 분야에 있어서 중요한 문제이다. 대부분의 경우에 지역적인 휘도 변화가 객체 윤곽선에서 보다는 무늬 영역에서 보다 강하게 나타나는 것으로 판명되고 있다. 따라서 각 화소의 가까운 인접된 부분에서만 볼 수 있는 지역적인 에지 특징들은 하나의 윤곽선 존재의 믿을만한 정보가 될 수 없기 때문에 전체적인 분석이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 형태심리학적 원리를 바탕으로 가상 연산자의 변형된 형태로서 적응성을 갖는 확대 연산자에 의한 지역적인 윤곽선 탐지 기법을 제안한다. 제안 방식의 새로운 점은 확대 방식에 있어서 각 윤곽선 화소에 관해 계산 기하학의 관점에서 Delaunary 다이어그램을 사용한다는 것이다. 윤곽선 그룹화와 관련하여 다중 임계 알고리즘이 도입되고, 각 임계 단계에서 작은 크기의 윤곽선 그룹들은 삭제되며, 자연 3차 스플라인 보간법을 통해 재구축되는 방식의 외형을 나타낸다. 또한, 상이한 임계들의 학습을 통해 입력 인자들의 값에 제안된 알고리즘이 민감하지 않은 견고한 성질을 유지하도록 한다. 본 연구의 구현에서는 기존 접근방식과의 비교를 통해 제안된 외형 결정 방식이 이미지에서 제거된 많은 텍스처들이 있음에도 불구하고 견고하고, 낮은 대비의 외형을 쉽게 감지하는데 효과적임을 보인다.

• 식물분류학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.477-502
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 Aconitum alboviolaceum Kom. complex에 속하는 6종 중 한국산 4종(A. alboviolaceum, A. longecassidatum, A. pseudolaeve, A. quelpaertense)을 대상으로 형 태 및 주성분분석(Principal Components Analysis)과 엽록체 DNA psbA-trnH IGS, trnL intron 및 tmL-trnF IGS 구간의 분석을 통해 각 분류군의 타당성을 검토하고 그 한계 및 분류학적 위치를 명확히 설정하고자 하였다. 형태분석 결과, 기존에 보고되었던 주요 식별형질에서 형태변이가 종 및 개체군 수준에서 복잡한 형태로 나타났으며 주성분분석 결과 각 분류군들은 종 및 개체군 수준에서 유집 되지 않고 연속적으로 혼합된 양상을 보였다. 염기서열 분석 결과, l0개의 염기치환과 3개의 indel이 관찰되었고, 이를 통해 얻어진 neighbor-joining tree에서 나타난 4개의 그룹은 종 및 개체군을 반영하지 않았다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 complex 내 분류군들에 관한 기존의 형태형질에 근거한 분류체계를 지지하지 않으며, 이들 분류군 간의 분류체계에 대한 재고가 필요하다고 본다.