• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.131-144
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• 2015

Objectives : This study investigated the health care utilization patterns and length of stay (LOS) determinants of fracture patients with workers' compensation insurance (WCI) and national health insurance (NHI). Methods : The discharge summary data of 4,394 WCI fracture patients were compared to 28,874 NHI patients. Health care utilization characteristics were compared with a logistic regression analysis, and the LOS determinants were identified with linear regression analysis. Results : The average LOS of the WCI fracture patients was 2.4 times higher than that of the NHI patients. WCI patients used more small or medium sized hospitals, and were more frequently admitted through the emergency room. Females, older patients and patients admitted through emergency room had a significant positive impact on LOS. Conclusions : Healthcare utilization by the WCI fracture patients may include medically unnecessary hospital stays. Therefore, policy makers need to respond appropriately to the inefficient use of health resources by WCI patients.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.65-86
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• 1999

In this study, we investigate the welfare effect of mandatory prescription(MP) in Korea. An immediate effect of MP is the increase in the implicit price of prescribed medicine, which could be obtained easily from drug stores before MP. This will lower the quantity demanded. which will in turn reduce the abuse of drugs. The key to the cost-benefit analysis of MP, therefore, should be focused on this point; price increase in the cost side and quantity decrease in the benefit side. Since we do not have as much information as needed for the analysis, however, we made strong assumptions for the clarity of numbers; the severity of moral hazard of medical doctors related to the sales of hospital drugs, constant demand elasticity, constant benefit multiplier of reduced drug usage, and so on, With these rather strong assumptions, we find that i) the benefit side is much more sensitive to demand elasticity than the cost side effect ii) the larger the demand elasticity, the greater the size of net gain of MP, though the result depends on the size of the benefit multiplier. This analysis shows that we need to have more information on the specific institutional path of health benefit diffusion caused by the reduction of drug usage, which was the major target of MP.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.707-715
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• 2020

Globalization has led to an increase in foreign banks' penetration. It is argued that the presence of foreign banks may affect the banking sector of the host countries in several ways including their competition level. It is mentioned that the presence of the foreign banks could heightened the level of competition in the banking sector. Nonetheless, the impact of the foreign banks on competition could be influenced by the degree of information sharing in the banking industry. This study investigates the role of information sharing in moderating the impact of foreign bank penetration on host banking sector competition in selected developing countries. We employ panel data samples of 54 developing countries during the period from 1998 to 2016. The estimation is carried out using the two-step system of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) regression technique. This technique is adopted due to its robustness to all forms of endogeneity. The findings of this study show that the presence of information sharing could affect the relationship between foreign banks' penetration and competition. They suggest that improvement in information sharing by a host country may help foreign banks to improve monitoring and reduce the moral hazard and adverse selection problem.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.9-19
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• 2008

By e-Financial Transactions Act enacted in January 2007, the financial institutions are responsible for indemnifying user's damage to ensuring security of the electronic financial transactions and to protecting financial users when suffering from electronic financial accidents. However, when occurring unauthorized financial transactions or electronic financial accidents by user's moral hazard, it is difficult to determine where the accidents happened at and whether caused by the intention or gross negligence of users. To protecting financial parties and ensuring the security and reliability of electronic financial transactions, this paper attempts to propose the means, what enhance the notification process about financial transactions and to strengthen IT regulatory compliance by using area information about electronic financial transactions, to protect risk of the financial accidents.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the social system of deposit insurance affected the financial market in Korea. Specifically, we want to know how much the risk-seeking behavior of financial institutions has increased or decreased. The most important feature of the deposit insurance system is to prevent the insolvency of financial institutions and to properly protect depositors. In recent studies, it has been argued that characteristics of deposit insurance bring moral hazard of financial institutions and that financial institutions make unreasonably risky investments. Therefore, in this study, we will first examine whether such previous research can be applied to the Korean financial market. Next, we will examine the appropriateness of the differential premium rate that is currently used for each financial institution in the Korean financial market. In order to test the first hypothesis, we used the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to calculate the total risk for each financial institution. As a result, significant changes were found in all regions before and after the introduction of the deposit insurance system. As for testing the second hypothesis, we conducted a variance analysis of financial institutions' indexes before and after the introduction of the deposit insurance and we discovered significance of the total risk difference.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.91-101
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to explore the effects of government's value intervention messages on the prevention and control of infectious disease in the risk communication process in terms of goveremnt policy response to COVID-19 from the mismatch message perspective, and draws the relevant implicaitons. Due to the infeciton spread, some people point out that depression caused by COVID-19 is because of wrong signals of the government and infectious disease prevention and control authorities, namely value intervention messsages. Research design, data and methodology: This study examined the epidcmic situation through message deails regarding the effects of government's mismatch messages on prevention and control of infectious disease and the resulting phenomena. Results: People's lives are under serious threat overall, so the declaration of the end of COVID-19 is almost impossible unlike MERS. Economic downturn due to foreced prevention and control regulaitons of COVID-19, mistruct of social distancing, fatigue on mismatch messages, and moral hazard on the awareness of prevention and control of infectious disease are negative phenomena to risk communiaiton on COVID-19. Conclusions: This study investigated the government authorities' policy sending wrong signals due to mismatching of the reality at this point in time for infectious disease prevention and control from the risk communicaiton perspectrive.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.185-198
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of performance-related pay on gender labor productivity differences theoretically and empirically. Design/methodology/approach - This study analyzes the Principal-Agent model in which a firm employes many male and female workers under moral hazard, and uses large survey data from Survey of Business Activities of MDIS (MicroData Integrated Service) in Korea. The fixed-effect model is employed in order to analyze the data. Findings - The theoretical result is that, after performance-related pay is offered to workers, the effect of performance-related pay on gender productivity is determined by whether the female ratio within firm affects firm's performance(such as revenue and profit) per capita. The empirical result is that, before performance-related pay is provided for all workers, the firm's female ratio does not affect firm's revenue and profit per capita at all, but after it is offered, the female ratio positively affects firm's performance per capita. Research implications or Originality - Fixed pay does not bring about the difference between male and female productivity, but performance-related pay affects female productivity more positively than male productivity in Korean firms. It means that female workers are more sensitive to incentives than men in Korea.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.47-64
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• 2023

The development potential of the aquaculture industry is very high, but there is no financial support for investment except for the government, policy funds, fishery funds, etc. Therefore, we would like to propose a contract transaction in the aquaculture industry. This refers to a forward contract between a producer (fish farmer) and a buyer (mainly a processor or marketer) that stipulates the production and supply of fish products at a predetermined price, but it also refers to an "equity participation type" contract in which both producers and buyers can participate. In other words, it is a model in which part of the fish farm is produced in a way that meets the conditions of the buyer, and part is produced by the producer. This study aims to establish the basic contract trading process. It provides an academic approach to prevent adverse selection and moral hazard due to information asymmetry. It also provides an idea to converge the aquaculture industry with the financial industry using Pecking Order theory. By doing so, we have made it possible for venture capitalists to invest with confidence and provided a process for investors to resolve their concerns, paving the way for the aquaculture industry and the financial industry to develop together.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.433-440
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• 2018

As government research and development projects become more important, such as the creation of future-oriented growth engines and expansion of budgets, the future vision of R&D is presented through paradigm shifts such as efficiency, investment direction and strategy. On the other hand, research and interest in sanctions are poor, and this paper examines legal grounds, comparative analysis of laws, and cases outside the country, draws implications for domestic applications, have. In addition, we will contribute to the prevention of damages caused by neglect, or the transparency of the execution of research funds. This study was conducted by comparing the characteristics of government R&D and sanctions with the sanctions for the top three R&D investment related SMEs. In Korea, starting with the introduction of sanctions in 2001, the moral hazard of research and development has been prevented through the cumulative violation of aggravation, expansion of the period of restriction of participation, and the introduction of a strikeout system. Nevertheless, fraudulent use of business expenses is constantly being detected. In order to ensure maximum autonomy and stronger responsibility than strong institutions, the willingness of the researchers to execute transparent business expenses, the moral approach to public resources, Precedence of recognition conversion is important.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.203-209
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analysis of influence between of private health insurance and length of stay with cervical and lumbar simple sprain patients at Ubiquitous medical environment. They were diagnosed as having sprain of cervical and lumbar spine without neurological symptoms in hospitals and clinics from July 1, 2010 to February 29, 2012. This study was t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The results were when the number of private health insurance was input as an independent variable, the subjects had one or two accidental insurances(${\beta}$=2.731, P=0.013), length of stay in beds was longer than they had no accidental insurance and when they had more than three ones(${\beta}$=4.991, P=0.000), length of stay was significantly longer. This study has a meaning in that it is domestic practical study which identified relationships between entry of private health insurance and length of stay.