• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2019

This study evaluated the effects of stocking density on performance and behavioral activities of 35-day-old broilers in relation to incandescent white bulb (IB) light and LED yellow and white light. A total of 1,650 day-old chicks were weighed and randomly allocated into six treatment groups in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement based on stocking density (14 birds m^-2 and 22 birds m^-2) and color of lights (IB; monochromatic LED yellow and white light) with five replicates for each treatment. The results showed that final body weight, weight gain and feed conversion of broilers were improved at a stocking density of 14 birds m^-2 with exposure to LED lights. Similarly, broilers spent more time exhibiting inactive behavior (e.g. standing) and active behaviors (e.g. walking and walking plus pecking) under 14 birds m^-2 with exposure to lights as compared that of other treatment groups. Regarding a stocking density of 22 birds m^-2, broilers performance traits were negatively affected and also activities were less. The performance of broilers was not significantly altered for the main factor of different lights but broilers were less inactive (e.g less time spent sitting plus standing) and more time spent active behavior in walking under IB light than LED light. Thus, we concluded that a stocking density 14 birds m^-2 with exposure to LED light significantly improved broiler performance and behavioral activity and these conditions could therefore improve the overall welfare of farmed chickens.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 안개 제거의 수행 시간을 단축하기 위한 최적화 기법들을 제안하고, 이를 기반으로 하는 효율적인 안개 제거 방법을 제시한다. 제안하는 최적화 기법으로, 다크 채널을 동일 크기의 영역으로 분할하여 분산 정렬을 적용하여 대기 강도를 추정함으로써 대기 강도 추정에 필요한 정렬의 연산을 간소화하였고, 대기 강도를 단색으로 가정하여 전달량 추정에 필요한 영상 정규화 과정을 간소화하였다. 또한, 메디안 다크 채널을 도입하여 안개 제거 품질을 유지하면서도 전달량 보정 과정을 효과적으로 제거하였다. 제안하는 기법들을 바탕으로 효율적인 안개 제거 방법을 제시하였고, 이의 우수성을 입증하기 위해 프로토타입 시스템을 개발하여 성능을 분석하였다. 제안하는 안개 제거 방법은 기존 방법과 비교하여 대등한 안개 제거 품질을 보이면서도 수행 시간을 최대 65% 단축하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.2208-2213
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• 2007

In this study we have developed a hyperspectrum imaging system for highly sensitive and effective imaging analysis. An optical setup was designed using acoustic optical tunable filter (AOTF) for high sensitive hyperspectrum imaging. Light emitted by mercury lamp gets split in to diffracted and undiffracted beams while passing though AOTF. GFP transfected HEK-293 cell line was used as a model for in vitro imaging analysis. Cells were first, analyzed by fluorescence microscope followed by flow cytometric analysis. Flow cytometric analysis showed 66.31% transfection yield in GFP transfected HEK-293 cells. Various images of GFP transfected HEK-293 cell were grabbed by collecting the diffracted light using a CCD over a dynamic range of frequency of 129-171 MHz with an interval of 3 MHz. Subsequently, for in vivo image analysis of GFP transfected cells in mouse, a whole-body-imaging system was constructed. The blue light of 488 nm wavelength was obtained from a Xenon arc lamp using an appropriate filter and transmitted through an optical cable to a ring illuminator. To check the efficacy of the newly developed whole-body-imaging system, a comparative imaging analysis was performed on a normal mouse in presence and absence of Xenon arc irradiation. The developed hyperspectrum imaging analysis with AOTF showed the highest intensity of green fluorescent protein at 153 MHz of frequency and 494 nm of wavelength. However, the fluorescence intensity remained same as that of the background below 138 MHz (475 nm) and above 162 MHz (532 nm). The mouse images captured using the constructed whole-body-imaging system appeared monochromatic in absence of Xenon arc irradiation and blue when irradiated with Xenon arc lamp. Nevertheless, in either case mouse images appeared clearly.

• 복식
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• 제62권6호
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• pp.19-37
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• 2012

This study was done to define the color range, images and color characteristics of beige in fashion by analyzing the characteristics of beige that appears in contemporary fashion. In reference research, the general characteristics, the color name and range of beige was examined. In investigation research, color characteristics and images of beige that appear in contemporary fashion was defined, and it was discovered that the cases that the use of beige took more than 50% of the entire in the major collection from S/S season in 2007 to F/W season in 2010 as the subject of color analysis. The result of the study could be summarized as follows: First, the color range of beige consisted of the standard color from 2.5YR to 5YR, and color tone was pale and light gray. Second, the analysis of color beige that appear in contemporary fashion didn't show big differences according to year, season, and region. The color tones consisted of light grayish, pale, light, soft focusing colors from 5YR to 10YR. As for the arrangement of colors, it was arranged with black and it was used with the affiliation of YR, R, Y in many cases. Third, beige monochromatic image appeared soft, plain and classic. The arrangement of the image, modern, feminine, luxurious, gentle, intelligent five types were derived. Arrangements with achromatic colors were expressed in contemporary and sophisticated styles and arrangements with chromatic colors appeared to be soft, feminine and luxurious. This study draws the result to apply the fashion image of beige that was insufficient in other various color researches to design various color aspects by defining the image of beige that appears in contemporary fashion. Based on practical analysis for the color beige, it is evident that beige is an important factor and a powerful influence on fashion images.

• 폴리머
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2001

Polyethylene terephthalate(PET) 필름 시편을 약 0.5~500 mm/min의 속도까지 단계적으로 연신시켰을 때, 플라스틱 변형이 일어나는 동안에 투명 및 불투명 밴드들이 존재하는 넥킹영역이 형성되었다. 상기 시편의 응력-변형 곡선을 살펴보면, 응력 진동이 뚜렷하게 발생하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 열처리된 시편의 응력-변형 곡선을 살펴보면, 응력 진동이 발생하지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 시편들의 미세구조는 광학 현미경을 통하여 동적으로 관찰하였고, 시편들의 열적 특성은 시차 주사 열량기를 사용하여 10 ${\circ}C$/min의 승온 속도에서 측정하였다. 또한, 시편들의 배향화 및 결정화 정도는 단색-핀홀법을 이용하여 측정하였고, 시편들의 탄성계수는 동적 기계 분석기를 통하여 -150~70 ${\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 1 Hz의 주파수 대에서 측정하였다. PET 펠렛을 전기로에서 약 83${\circ}C$에서 30분 동안 열처리하여 투명한 PET 제품을 제작하였다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.158-168
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• 2001

불규칙파의 방향분산과 부분쇄파의 정도 높게 고려하기 위해 광각 포물형 근사식을 이용하는 수치모형이 수립되었다. 이 수치모형은 불규칙파를 여러 개의 단일주기의 규칙파로 분해한 다음, 각 성분파를 동시계산하여 중첩함으로써 합성파고를 구한다. 불규칙파의 부분쇄파를 고려하기 위해 합성파고를 이용하여 쇄파에 의한 에너지 감쇠량을 산정한다. 기존의 불규칙파 수리실험 결과와 비교하여 수립된 수치모형의 정확성을 검사한 바, 비쇄파의 경우 규칙파와 불규칙파 모두에 대해 상당한 정확도가 있음이 확인되었으나, 쇄파 발생 시에는 수치모형의 정도가 크게 저하됨을 발견하였으며, 그 이유에 대한 분석을 제시하였다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2012

유탄성이론과 고유함수전개법에 기초하여 규칙파중 유연한 그물망의 동적거동과 파랑하중을 살펴보았다. 그물망은 일정한 잠긴깊이를 가지고 수직으로 설치되어 있으며, 상단 끝은 수면에 고정되어 있고 하단 끝은 추에 연결되어 있다. 초기장력이 충분히 크다고 가정하여 장력의 동적 성분을 무시하였다. 유연한 그물망에서의 경계조건식은 투과효과를 나타내는 Darcy의 법칙과 유연성을 나타내는 물체 경계조건식이 결합된 형태이다. 개발된 해석모델은 불투과성/투과성 수직판과 유연막 모델로 확장이 가능하다. 해석모델을 이용하여 여러 설계변수(파랑특성, 공극율, 잠긴깊이, 초기장력)들의 변화가 그물망의 파랑하중과 거동특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2015

Open raceway ponds are cost-efficient for mass cultivation of microalgae compared with photobioreactors. Although low-cost options like wastewater as nutrient source is studied to overcome the commercialization threshold for biodiesel production from microalgae, a cost analysis on the use of wastewater and other incremental increases in productivity has not been elucidated. We determined the effect of using wastewater and wavelength filters on microalgal productivity. Experimental results were then fitted into a model, and cost analysis was performed in comparison with control raceways. Three different microalgal strains, Chlorella vulgaris AG10032, Chlorella sp. JK2, and Scenedesmus sp. JK10, were tested for nutrient removal under different light wavelengths (blue, green, red, and white) using filters in batch cultivation. Blue wavelength showed an average of 27% higher nutrient removal and at least 42% higher chemical oxygen demand removal compared with white light. Naturally, the specific growth rate of microalgae cultivated under blue wavelength was on average 10.8% higher than white wavelength. Similarly, lipid productivity was highest in blue wavelength, at least 46.8% higher than white wavelength, whereas FAME composition revealed a mild increase in oleic and palmitic acid levels. Cost analysis reveals that raceways treating wastewater and using monochromatic wavelength would decrease costs from 2.71 to 0.73 $/kg biomass. We prove that increasing both biomass and lipid productivity is possible through cost-effective approaches, thereby accelerating the commercialization of low-value products from microalgae, like biodiesel.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.207-222
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to set up the theoretical foundation for neon colors by recognizing them as important elements of sensitive design and by comprehending their existence as a color fashion responsive to psychological and social background. As the subject of the present the researcher has selected important oversea collections of these five years during which neon colors have fully emerged as popular colors of fashion. The procedure of research was to examine the concept and traits of colors and investigate the utility of neon colors in various fields. The important facts which are acquired from the present study are as follows. First, the analysis of frequency has found out the following color arrangements: neon color only-8.6%(35), neon color+colorless-58.3%(236), neon color+ colored -14.8%(60),neon color+colorless+colored-18.3%(74), and others. The case of neon color used as monochromatic (color) was distinguished into two: single neon color all through and the same color used differently. Color arrangements were divided into analogous arrangement, separation arrangement, dominant arrangement, multi-color arrangement, and accent arrangement. Second, the internal significance of neon colors expressed in fashion can be interpreted into three: emphasis, optical Illusion, and amusing. This study has attempted to raised up the aesthetic value of various color expression and to expand fashion image by interpreting the trends of color fashion together with the traits and aesthetic meaning of color in fashion. The future study intends to expand the expression area of fashion design and to interpret molding beauty through the image of color arrangement and through fashion style utilizing neon colors.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2017

The increase in the number of mud shrimps Upogebia major is a concern because of their negative effects on shellfish aquaculture, including Manila clam Venerupis philippinatum along the west coast of Korea. This study developed a behavioral analysis system for aquatic animals using a set of monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED) modules covering the visible light range at similar intervals. Movements of mud shrimp were monitored using a tracking system under illumination with infra-red light and an LED of 660 nm wavelength without provoking stimulation. The minimum light intensity needed to induce a photoresponse by the mud shrimp was $10{\mu}mole/m^2/s$ under the conditions tested. Of the six kinds of LED illuminations tested, the most sensitive response was obtained with illumination with the 505 nm LED, followed in order by LEDs with peak wavelengths of $525nm{\fallingdotseq}465nm$ > $405nm{\fallingdotseq}590nm$ > 660 nm. These findings should help to identify LED sources that efficiently induce movement of the mud shrimp and also for monitoring movement without stimulating.