• Title/Summary/Keyword: Monitoring data

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Analysis of IoT Open-Platform Cryptographic Technology and Security Requirements (IoT 오픈 플랫폼 암호기술 현황 및 보안 요구사항 분석)

  • Choi, Jung-In;Oh, Yoon-Seok;Kim, Do-won;Choi, Eun Young;Seo, Seung-Hyun
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.7 no.7
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    • pp.183-194
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    • 2018
  • With the rapid development of IoT(Internet of Things) technology, various convenient services such as smart home and smart city have been realized. However, IoT devices in unmanned environments are exposed to various security threats including eavesdropping and data forgery, information leakage due to unauthorized access. To build a secure IoT environment, it is necessary to use proper cryptographic technologies to IoT devices. But, it is impossible to apply the technologies applied in the existing IT environment, due to the limited resources of the IoT devices. In this paper, we survey the classification of IoT devices according to the performance and analyze the security requirements for IoT devices. Also we survey and analyze the use of cryptographic technologies in the current status of IoT open standard platform such as AllJoyn, oneM2M, IoTivity. Based on the research of cryptographic usage, we examine whether each platform satisfies security requirements. Each IoT open platform provides cryptographic technology for supporting security services such as confidentiality, integrity, authentication an authorization. However, resource constrained IoT devices such as blood pressure monitoring sensors are difficult to apply existing cryptographic techniques. Thus, it is necessary to study cryptographic technologies for power-limited and resource constrained IoT devices in unattended environments.

Simulation of Plume Length Induced by Orimulsion Combustion (오리멀젼 연소시 발생하는 백연의 연기거리 전산모사)

  • Kwak, Byoung-Kyu;Kim, Jong-Ho;Joo, Ji-Bong;Lee, Jeong-Jin;Kim, Jin-Soo;Kim, Young-Hun;Yi, Jong-Heop
    • Clean Technology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.136-143
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    • 2008
  • The objective of this study is to investigate the visibility of plume at the Y power plant stack, which fires the orimulsion as a fuel. The plume contains numerous primary particles under 1μm size and inorganic ions possibly inferred by the chemicals of secondary aerosol formation. We evaluated the visibility of the plume using the modified PLUVUE-II model. The monitoring data on the particle size distribution (PSD) and secondary aerosols of sulfate were applied to estimate and evaluate the main factors of plume opacity. The chemical reactions were applied to the model for the secondary aerosol formation of (NH4)2SO4(s). The maximum plume length was estimated by an optic method using threshold contrast. The results showed that the plume length was strongly dependent upon the PSD and (NH4)2SO4(s) concentration of the plume emitted from the stack.

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The Stability Evaluation Methods of Embankment on Soft Clay (연약지반 성토의 안정평가 방법)

  • Kang, Yea Mook;Lee, Dal Won;Kim, Ji Hoon;Kim, Tae Woo;Lim, Seong Hun
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.260-270
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    • 1998
  • The field tests were performed to suggest the rational method for stability evaluation of soft clay. The behavior of settlement-displacement obtained by field monitoring system was to compare and analyze the results of the observationed method, and to investigate the complex behavior of soft clay with filling height. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. The horizontal displacement was suddenly increased when physical properties of soft clay showed maximum values and the part of the turning point. The values of these properties were available to the fundamental data for stability evaluation. The shear deformation appeared that difference of the horizontal displacement was maximum values. 2. Although the stability of embankment by step filling showed the unstable part over the failure standard line, the embankment was confirmed stable. So the evaluation of the stability of embankment is reasonable to use the inclination of curve than failure standard line. 3. The horizontal displacement and relative settlement were increased as same ratio at improvement ground. Estimation of shear deformation using Terzaghi's modified bearing capacity should consider the relations of embankment load and undrained shear strength at nonimprovement ground, and minimum safety factor is recommended to use larger than 1.2. 4. Excess pore water pressure was increased with increasing of filling height and decreased with maintain the filling height. The embankment was unstable when filling height was exceed the evaluation standard line, and the behavior of excess pore water pressure and horizontal displacement could use as a standard of judgement of the filling velocity control because their behavior were agree with each other.

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Effects of Lycopene on Endothelial Protein C Receptor Shedding In Vitro and In Vivo (In vitro와 in vivo에서 라이코펜이 EPCR 탈락에 미치는 영향)

  • Yoo, Hayoung;Lee, Hyun-Shik;Lee, Wonhwa;Bae, Jong-Sup
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.650-656
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    • 2013
  • Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) plays a pivotal role in augmenting Protein C activation through the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. EPCR activity is markedly changed by ectodomain cleavage and released as the soluble protein (sEPCR). EPCR shedding is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-α converting enzyme (TACE). Lycopene found in tomatoes and tomato products has anti-oxidant, anti- cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. However, little is known about the effects of lycopene on EPCR shedding. We investigated this issue by monitoring the effects of lycopene on the phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and on the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-mediated EPCR shedding. Data showed that lycopene potently inhibited the PMA, TNF-α, IL-1β and CLP-induced EPCR shedding by suppressing TACE expression. Furthermore, lycopene reduced PMA-stimulated phosphorylation of p38, extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Given these results, lycopene should be viewed as a candidate therapeutic agent for the treatment of various severe vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the EPCR shedding.

Evaluation of effectiveness of Smart Water City in Korea - Smart Water City project in Paju City, Gyeonggi Province (한국 스마트워터시티의 효과성 평가 - 경기도 파주시 스마트워터시티 사업을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Yookyung;Lee, Seungho
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.53 no.spc1
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    • pp.813-826
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    • 2020
  • This study analyzes the effects of the Smart Water City (SWC) project that was introduced from 2014 to 2016 in Paju City, Gyeonggi Province, Korea, focusing on the achievement of the business goals. The SWC is referred to as a city that embraces a healthy water supply system based on Smart Water Management (SWM) that promotes the efficiency of water management by combining Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) with water and sewerage facilities. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the SWC project, this study deploys evaluation criteria corresponding to the project objectives, and analyzes the outputs before and after the project. The results show that the SWC has contributed to enhancing water supply services and the reliability and drinking rate of tap water. Specific improvement areas include the rise of average water flow rate and water leakage reduction, the diffusion of water quality monitoring system, and the reduction of floating particle concentration and turbidity in drainage pipes was achieved. These were possible because of specific implementation plans for clear goal setting and achievement and active services for citizens. The data related to water quantity and quality showed improved performance compared to before the introduction of SWMS, which is a positive effect. However, a quantitative analysis of the outputs has limitations in identifying other external factors that have led to the changes. In the future, guidelines for spreading SWC and more comprehensive and specific evaluation indicators for SWC should be prepared, and SWMS should be developed in consideration of the needs of users.

A Discussion of the Two Alternative Methods for Quantifying Changes : by Pixel Values Versus by Thematic Categories (변화의 정량화 방법에 관한 고찰 : 픽셀값 대 분류항목별)

  • Choung, Song-Hak
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.1 no.1 s.1
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    • pp.193-201
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    • 1993
  • In a number of areas, there are important benefits to be gained when we bring both the detection and monitoring abilities of remote sensing as well as the philosophical approach and analytic capabilities of a geographic information system to bear on a problem. A key area in the joint applications of remote sensing technology and GIS is to identify change. Whether this change is of interest for its own sake, or because the change causes us to act (for example, to update a map), remote sensing provides an excellent suite of tools for detecting change. At the same time, a GIS is perhaps the best analytic toot for quantifying the process of change. There are two alternative methods for quantifying changes. The conceptually simple approach is to un the pixel values in each of the images. This method is practical but may be too simple to identify the variety of changes in a complex scene. The common alternative is called symbolic change detection. The analyst first decides on a set of thematic categories that are important to distinguish for the application. This approach is useful only if accurate landuse/cover classifications can be obtained. Persons conducting digital change detection must be intimately familiar with the environment under study, the quality of the data set and the characteristics of change detection algorithms. Also, much work remains to identify optimum change detection algorithms for specific geographic areas and problems.

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Measurement of Dust Concentration in a Naturally Ventilated Broiler House according to Season and Worker's Access (윈치커튼식 계사의 시기 및 작업자 출입에 따른 분진 발생 농도 측정 연구)

  • Jo, Ye-seul;Kwon, Kyeong-seok;Lee, In-bok;Ha, Tae-hwan;Park, Se-jun;Kim, Rack-woo;Yeo, Uk-hyeon;Lee, Sang-yeon;Lee, Seung-no
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.57 no.6
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    • pp.35-46
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    • 2015
  • Improvement in domestic poultry production has a positive effect on the export competitiveness of the poultry industry. However, overproduction and enlargement of facilities to assure a supply increase a stocking density which make a poor environment in the broiler house. In particular, an intensive rearing environment is vulnerable to dust control that causes respiratory diseases, such as asthma, bronchitis, etc., to farmers and broilers. However, monitoring data and research for environment control are not adequate, and there are no air quality regulations in broiler houses in Korea. In this study, TSP, PM10, inhalable dust and respirable dust concentration were monitored according to season, age of broiler and broiler's activities. Air quality assessment was also performed in accordance with the threshold limit value by Donham et al. (2000). The TSP concentrations were 77.5 %, 219.7 % higher and PM10 concentrations were 121.2 %, 303.8 % higher when change of season and winter respectively than summer. There were significantly different concentrations according to season and age of broiler. Inhalable and respirable dust concentration were also clearly different according to the season and age of broiler. A high dust concentration was observed, specifically exceeding the threshold limit by 119 % in the winter. In the case of the broiler's motion was activity according to worker's access into the broiler house, concentration level was 769.6 % higher than broiler's motion was stable and exceeded the threshold limit. These results suggest that the worker should put on protective equipment to protect there's respiratory health in the broiler house.

Monitoring of pesticide residues at alpine and sloped-land in Gangwondo, Korea (강원도 고랭지 배추경작지의 토양 및 수질 중 농약 오염 실태)

  • Park, Dong-Sik;Kim, Tae-Han;Kim, Seong-Soo;Lee, Sang-Min;Kim, Song-Mun;Hur, Jang-Hyun
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.189-197
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    • 2004
  • Alpine and sloped-land in Gangwondo, Korea is the most important land type for cultivation of Chinese cabbage. However, farmers in these regions have major problems with insect pests, weeds and disease. Over use or inappropriate use of agrochemicals occurs frequently. No intensive study of pesticide contamination in this area has been done. The work presented in this paper addresses this deficiency. We measured pesticide residues within soil and water samples using multiresidue analysis. Samples were collected bimonthly from April to October, 2002 at three sites with to sampling spots. At the three sites, Pyeongchang, Jeongseon and Taebaeck, pesticides most frequently detected (>30% of samples) in soil samples were endosulfan, fluazinam, diniconazole, alachlor, prothiofos and dimethomorph. The amount of pesticide residues in the soils was ranged from 0.004 to 0.412mgkg1 in these samples. Non-registered pesticides were also detected in these samples, indicating illegal use of pesticides. No pesticide were detected in the water samples collected from those sites. The results showed that pesticide residues might be dependant on physiochemical properties of pesticides, application history and soil properties. This study provides basic data for appropriate pesticide use on alpine and sloped-land in Korea.

Strategies to Increase Domestic Lettuce Circulations through Improving Valuable End-User Traits (고부가가치 맞춤형 상추품종 개발을 통한 국내 상추유통 제고 전략)

  • Kim, Tae-Sung;Jang, Young-Hee;Hwang, Hee-Joong
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.16 no.8
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2018
  • Purpose - Lettuce (Lactuca sativ L.) is one of the economically important vegetable crops, which worldwide market value is over 100 billion U.S. dollar. In Korea, about 89.7 kilo ton of lettuce was produced in 3400ha in 2016, recoded as No. 1 vegetable crop in domestic green house production. However, recently, domestic lettuce production and cultivation areas are all getting decreased. Thus, novel approaches are needed to be implemented to revive the production. Research design, data and methodology - In this review paper, we first prioritized the end-user traits which are imperative to positively stimulate the domestic lettuce market and discussed relevant genomics strategies. Especially, we assessed a possibility whether school meal program would be a potential niche market. Results - The genomics technologies, which become widely applied in the crop biotechnology since 2008 when next generation sequencing method was developed, may be a good solution in the crop improvement, efficiently gathering valuable information of agriculturally useful traits. Significantly, in lettuce, the high quality whole genome sequence, based on Lactuca sativa cv. Salinas, is publically available and this genomics platform, thus, would be implemented in lettuce breeding program to innovate relevant end-user traits both for the farmers and customers, including the disease resistance to the Fusarium wilt, productivity under hot weather conditions, various nutritional qualities and so forth. These improvements will boost domestic lettuce industries in the near future. Conclusions - Due to the nutritional distinctions comparing to the western style lettuces, domestic leaf lettuces could be one of the important vegetables in the school meal programs. To make it happen, we would better devise diverse recipes to make a salad with it, instead of only using as a wrap vegetable. Meanwhile, novel lettuce varieties need to be developed, which are favorable to the students and also easy to be handled with while processing. Overall, to achieve international competence in the lettuce industries, we need to create elite lettuce varieties that satisfies domestic farmers as well as customers, suitable to various niche markets, such as school meal program. Thus, efficient breeding programs using genomics approaches should be established in advance and careful monitoring on the preference of the related customers for a niche market be continued persistently.

ADVANTAGE OF USING FREE NETWORK ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUE IN THE CRUSTAL MOVEMENT MONITORING GEODETIC NETWORKS

  • AhmedM.Hamdy;Jo,Bong-Gon
    • Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2003
  • There are numerous adjustment techniques that deal with the adjustment of geodetic networks but the least squares adjustment is the most common one. During the network adjustment procedure two techniques can be used, the free network adjustment technique and the constrained network adjustment technique. In order to determine the optimum technique for adjusting the geodetic networks, which used for the geodynamical purposes, data from two different geodetic networks "Sinai geodetic network, Egypt, and HGN network, South Korea" had been examined. The used networks had a different configuration and located in different areas with different seismic activity. The results show that both techniques have a high accuracy and no remarkable differences in terms of RMS. On the contrary, the resulted coordinates shows that the constrained network adjustment technique not only cause a remarkable distortion in the station final coordinates but also if the fixed points that define the datum parameters are changed different solutions for the coordinates will be determined. This distortion affect not only in the determination of point displacement but also in the estimation of the deformation parameters, which play a significant role in the geodynamical interpretation of results. Comparing the results which obtained from both techniques with the widely known geodynamical models of the area reviles that the free network adjustment technique results are clearly match with these models, while those obtained from the constrained technique didn’t match at all. By considering the results it seams to be that the free network adjustment technique is the optimum technique, which can be used for the geodetic network adjustment.

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