• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2016

Purpose - A lot of preceeding studies have focused on the pains that might be felt in spending money, that is an important role in getting psychological safety. Money and social resources can be all for consumers, and they are likely to form a substituting relationship with one another. Being motivated by the idea that spending money for others can come with joy if one's objective is accomplished by social support, this paper aimed to explore the mediating role of the perceived money importance and gratitude in the relationship between social support and pleasure in spending for other-gift. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - In this empirical study, the experimental group is expected to receive social support while the control group is composed of those who are usually indulged in reminiscences of their sweethearts. From the college students, 160 experiment participants were selected and 80 participants of them were assigned to control group as well as to experimental group respectively at random. Empirical study for each of the two groups was performed respectively by means of questionnaire survey. Experimental group data and control group data were combined together to be used for testing hypotheses. Linear structural equation model in Amos was used to verify the hypotheses, and Bootstrap was also used to examine whether there were the mediating roles of the perceived money importance and gratitude or not. Results - From the empirical study, following conclusions could be drawn: First, social support of others makes one perceive the importance of money less; Second, social support of others makes one perceive gratitude to others; Third, less perceived importance of money and gratitude to others can make one feel pleasure in spending for other-gift; and Fourth, less perceived importance of money and gratitude to others can partially mediate the effect of social support from others on the pleasure in spending for other-gift. Conclusions - The outcomes of this study might offer theoretic and managerial implications as follow: Even though many hitherto studies have asserted that spending money usually comes with pains, this study discovered that social support might reduce perceived the importance of money but make others feel gratitude and, thus, one would feel joy in spending money to buy gift for others, and made a contribution to the progress of the theory of pleasure in spending for other-gift. This paper also made contributions toward the development of emotion marketing theory by showing that the effect of social support on the pleasure in spending for other-gift could be partially mediated by the perceived the importance of money and gratitude to others. Based on the above conclusions, it may be affirmed that marketers should help consumers perceive the importance of money less, and help feel gratitude to others by pointing up the support of others to consumers in an attempt to accelerate spending for other-gift.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.817-825
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• 1996

A portion of several previous studies has been that when a product is to be presented as a gift it entaials a greater expenditure of time and money than when the same product is to be used by the buyer. While this might suggest that gift-giving is an especially involving purchasing sitution, the research to date has not been consistent in its evidence to support this view. One reason for this inconsistency in findings may be suggested that different gift-giving situations show considerably different levels of givers' task involvement. The present study designs to gain some descreptive understanding of the clothing gift-giving, and to test the relationship between varibles related to clothing gift-giving and task involvement of clothing gift-giving through different gift-giving senarios. Data (N=463) were collected via a questionnaire from housewives living in Pusan, and were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test, and cannonical analysis. Results support that differences in task involvement of clothing gift -giving cause different consumer behaviors in relation to clothing gift-giving.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2001

The purpose was to identify the middle and high school students'clothing gift purchasing behavior according to the consumption orientation. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 585 middle and high school students who had an experience of purchasing a clothing gift more than one time during recent one year in Chonbuk province from Mar. 6 to Mar. 15 2000. Frequency. percentage. mean. standard deviation. factor analysis. $\varkappa$$_2$-test. t-test. one way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Duncan's Multiple Range test was followed. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The student's consumption orientation factors were consisted of plan, practicality. and pleasure. and they were divided into the practicality pursuit. the convenience pursuit. and the feeling pursuit. 2. The practicality pursuit considered practical aspects more. but considered external aspects of gifts less. gift purchasing frequencies was less. and selected cheaper gifts. The convenience pursuit considered practical aspects less. purchased gift more frequently. and selected ore expensive ones. The feeling pursuit considered practical aspects and external aspects of gift important. 3. Girls considered the external aspects of clothing gift more important than boys. and patronized the specialty store or discount outlet. The students in high schools or with more pocket money considered more criteria when selecting gifts. and selected more expensive ones. 4. Middle and high school students game and took gifts 1-3 times a year. and the common price rage was 10,000-30,000 won. Girls with more pocket money and in older ages selected more expensive gifts. On birthday or parents day. they used to select clothing as a gift more frequently. and the rank order of the favorite items were socks or stockings. handkerchiefs. and upper outer wears. They patronized specially store or opposite sexes.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-31
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• 2015

The present research examined the interesting but less attended effects of pride- and surprise-tagged money on consumers' spending decisions. Focusing on the unexpected money received in their daily life, we explored recipient's judgments and responses toward pride-tagged money versus surprise-tagged, and identified differences in types of recipient's consumption and spending behaviors between the pride- tagged money and the surprise-tagged money. Consumers tend to use the money associated with pride (vs. surprise) to reward their invested effort; as a result, they were more likely to buy a personal gift. Moreover, in the context of self-gift, consumers with pride-tagged money have showed a bigger positive difference between the intent to buy individual self-expressive products and the intent to buy social self-expressive products than those with surprise-tagged money. And the receipt of pride-tagged money activates motivation to express one's individual self. Consumers who have received a sum of extra money tend to add the money into the current spendable income account and broaden the array of product category. And consumers with high arousal level of surprise triggered by receiving a sum of unpredictable money because of good luck show a smaller difference between the intent to buy individual self-expressive product and the intent to buy social self-expressive product than those with low level arousal in pride. Therefore, marketers should advertise their products in the respects of individual self-expression when their customers have pride-tagged money, and should advertise their products in the respects of social self-identity when they have surprise-tagged money by winning a large sum of unpredicted money like lottery winning.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2019

본 연구는 인터넷 뉴스에 보도된 작은 결혼식의 특성을 분석하고, 활성화 방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 자료는 2012년부터 2018년까지 인터넷 뉴스 248개이며, 빈도분석과 카이제곱 검정을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 절약형은 2016년에, 축의금 개선형은 2015년에 많은 비율로 보도되었다. 작은 결혼식 장소로 절약형과 무료형은 공공기관을, 소규모형은 호텔을, 특색형은 야외와 하우스를, 축의금 개선형은 호텔과 공공기관이 많이 보도되었다. 절약형, 특색형과 무료형은 정보전달로 많이 보도되었으며 소규모형과 축의금 개선형은 사례 유형으로 많이 보도되었다. 사례는 공공기관과 호텔을, 정보전달은 공공기관을 작은 결혼식 장소로 많이 보도되었다. 사례와 정보 전달은 호의적인 비율이 높고, 의견은 호의적인 비율과 비호의적인 비율이 유사하게 보도되었다. 일반인은 절약형, 유명인은 소규모형으로 보도되는 비율이 많았다. 또한 일반인은 공공기관을, 유명인은 호텔을 작은 결혼식 장소로 보도되는 비율이 많았다. 작은 결혼식에서 비용을 절약한 항목은 장소 대여 비용, 피로연 비용, 예복 비용, 화환/장식 비용, 사진 촬영 비용 등이 많았으며 혼수나 예단, 주택, 예물에 대한 비용을 절약한 비율은 적었다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.199-219
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• 2013

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of money transfer between generations on preparation behaviors for retirement, separated into assets and saving for retirement. The survey was conducted by targeting 422 married people across the nation. The factor of money transfer between generations was defined as the inheritance and gift variable. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Correlation, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regressions were utilized. The results indicated that preparation behaviors for retirement are affected by the economic independence of parents, inheritance, expenses for children's education, and marriage. Retirement assets were significantly affected by inheritance, the economic independence of parents, educational expenses for children, financial assets, and amount of debt, while the significant factors related to retirement savings were interests on retirement, income, wedding expenses for children, economic independence of parents, and educational expenses for children. It was concluded that the financial preparation for retirement ought to be expanded from one household's finances to finances between generations.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1007-1009
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 기존의 여러 사업자에서 발행하였던 전자화폐의 활성화 장애요소와 문제점을 해결하고자 통합방식의 전자화폐를 소개하였다. 아울러, RFID 기술을 접목시켜 무선네트워크 기능성을 더욱 강화시켰다. 더욱이 활성화의 초점을 맞추어, 보급이 용이한 휴대폰에 전자화폐기능 뿐만 아니라 리더기를 탑재하여 손쉬운 충전 및 상호 개인 간에 증여기능을 넣어 실생활에 편의를 더하도록 하였다. 마지막으로, 불필요한 동전소지의 불편함과 분실의 우려가 없는 동전지갑 개념도 넣어 국가적으로도 동전주조비용 절감과 관리적 효율성을 기대할 수 있게 될 것이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.247-258
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• 2009

Although the problem about a token of parents' gratitude is restricted by small number of teachers, it must be solved for normal and good schooling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the problem about a token of parents' gratitude, an extent of a token of parents' gratitude, seriousness of a token of parents' gratitude, the experience of a token of parents' gratitude, an amount of money a token of parents' gratitude, the time of a token of parents' gratitude, a compensation of a token of parents' gratitude using a questionnaire to 549 parents. And a Chi-square test was used as a research tool for this study. This study indicates that many parents recognize a token of parents' gratitude as money or gift certificate. And most parents recognize different significantly about a token of parents' gratitude according to teachers' sex, ages, level of school, and type of school. We do not need a vast and experimental revolution in education based on unproved reasoning. If we want to be normal and good schooling, we have to make an effort small changes which solve a problem of a token of parents' gratitude. Our educational policies have to move from vast approaches generated from 'above' with political purpose to more particular approaches based on specific problems and generated by the community.

• 영어영문학
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.403-414
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• 2018

This paper suggests a different reading of James Joyce's "Araby" by offering the video game as a lens through which we can reimagine the story. Understanding the unnamed boy's journey to the Araby bazaar as a fetch quest, this paper focuses on the boy's failure to complete this quest. As soon as the boy promises Mangan's sister something from Araby, his fetch quest begins. In order to complete the quest, the boy must successfully perform three sub-quests: get money from his uncle as early as he can, get on the train for the Araby bazaar on time, and pass through the sixpenny entrance at the bazaar. However, because his uncle comes home late, the boy fails to get the money early, and that sets off the subsequent failures. The boy then takes the train late and arrives at the bazaar so late that he feels he must go through any entrance. So he walks through the adult entrance by mistake. As a result, he does not have enough money to buy a gift, failing the larger quest. But, regardless of this failure, the boy can try these quests as many as he wants until he finally succeeds in completing them. But no matter how the boy tries to accomplish these subquests, he is doomed to fail them because he cannot make his uncle come home early. The more he tries his quest, the more bitterly he realizes that he will ultimately fail. In this respect, the boy's "anguish and anger" should be understood as his epiphany: the re-playability of the game is possible, but all the replays lead to the same failure: losing the game. In this regard, reading Joyce's "Araby" is much like playing a video game.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2021

This research outlines the motivations behind the fan-lead marketing and promotional endeavours undertaken by musical group BTS's fan community, also known as ARMY. In highlighting the reciprocity in intimacy between the group and their fans, I argue that ARMY's desire to elevate BTS is embedded within structures of affect, despite the financial nature of the benefits the group and their company may reap. These fan-lead initiatives represent efforts towards a common goal, where success, whether it comes in the form of money or not, is a gift of gratitude and a show of mutual understanding from fans to BTS. Based on data from 22 interviews with fans, this research explores the motivations behind fan-lead marketing by looking at the affective properties of music consumption, the parasocial relationship, fan community dynamics, and the purchase of intimacy. Within these contexts, the promotion surrounding BTS's music, as organized by the fans, mimics profit-oriented behaviours but is ultimately a gesture towards the exchange of intimacy between fans and artist.