• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1993.02a
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• pp.4-5
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• 1993

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 1993

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 1991

To study the age dependent change of Na, K-ATPase in the erythrocyte of hypertensive rat, 1-kidey 1-clip hypertensive rat was made by the removal of right kidney and partial ligation of left renal artery. After 4 weeks, aged erythrocyte fraction was separated by density gradient centrifugation, and Na, K-ATPase activity and $^3H-ouabain$ binding with ghost cell membrane and ouabain sensitive Rb-uptake with whole cell were measured. 1) In the hypertensive rats, blood pressure was significantly increased to 165.5/119.0 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). Mean corpuscular volume and membrane protein(mg) per $10^9RBC$ were decreased and hemoglobin content was increased in the aged erythrocyte. 2) Na, K-ATPase activity in the solution containing 110 mM NaCl and 10 mM KCI, was decreased in hypertensive rat, and decreased in aged erythrocyte of both group. 3) Ouabain sensitive Rb-uptake by low RbCl concentration(4 mM) was slightly decreased in aged erythrocyte compared to that in young erythrocyte of each group, but slightly increased in young erythrocyte in hypertensive rat compared to that in normotensive rat. 4) Ouabain sensitive Rb-uptake by high RbCl concentration(16 mM) was decreased about 30% to 50 % in aged erythrocyte in both group. And in hypertensive rat, especially in young erythrocyte it was significantly decreased compared to that in normotensive rats. 5) $^3H-ouabain$ binding at 0.13 or $1{\times}10^-6M$ ouabain concentration was slightly decreased in aged erythrocyte of normotensive rat, and significantly decreased in aged erythrocyte of hypertensive rats. 6) $^3H-ouabain$ binding at 6 or $64{\times}10^-6M$ ouabain concentration is slightly decreased in aged erythrocyte of both group, but significantly decreased in young and aged erythrocyte of hypertensive rats compared to that of normotensive rats. The present results suggest that (1) in the young erythrocyte of hypertensive rat, the alterations of Na-pump activity that slightly increased in weak stimulation and inhibited in strong stimulation, may be related to increased molecular activity and the decrease in the number of low affinity site without change in high affinity site, (2) in the aged erythrocyte of normotensive rat, inhibited Na-pump may be related to the change in molecular activity of pump. (3) And in the aged erythrocyte of hypertensive rat, it may be related to the decrease in the number of high and low affinity site as well as the change in molecular activity

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.760-765
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• 2004

One of the obstacles for a magnetic bearing to be used in the wide range of industrial applications is the failure modes associated with magnetic bearings, which we don't expect for conventional passive bearings. These failure modes include electric power outage, power amplifier faults, position sensor faults, and the malfunction of controllers. Fault-tolerant magnetic bearing systems have been proposed so that the system can operate in spite of some faults in the system. In this paper, we designed and implemented a fault-tolerant magnetic bearing system for a turbo-molecular vacuum pump. The system can cope with the actuator/amplifier faults as well as the faults in position sensors, which are the two major fault modes in a magnetic bearing system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.382-391
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• 2008

A simple analytical model of rarefied channel flow is developed to predict the compression ratio in a helical drag pump. If the surface velocity is zero, the model reduces to a capillary leaks. Predictions of our model agree well with the Knudsen's data for capillary leaks in transition flow, in addition to giving a good account of the Knudsen minimum. Also, the present results are compared with experimental data, and good agreement is obtained over the entire pressure range from molecular to slip flow.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.362-362
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• 2011

터보분자펌프(turbo-molecular pump: TMP)는 고진공펌프 중의 하나로, 반도체/디스플레이 등 첨단 공정에서 진공 환경을 조성하는 핵심장비이다. 터보분자펌프(TMP)의 특성평가는 세계 여러 나라의 표준제정기구에서 제정한 국제규격에 그 기반을 두어, 한국표준과학연구원 진공기술 센터에서는 터보분자펌프(TMP) 특성평가시스템을 자체 설계/제작하여 그 신뢰성을 확인하기 위해 개발품 및 상용품 평가에 주력하고 있다. 터보분자펌프(TMP)는 보조펌프(backing pump)의 지원을 받으므로 보조펌프(backing pump) 용량에 따른 터보분자펌프(TMP)의 배기속도를 측정하고자 한다. 국제규격에서 제시하는 보조펌프 (backing pump)의 용량이 일정이상 작을 경우, 터보분자펌프(TMP)의 배기속도 및 압축비에 대해 감소함을 제시한다. 이 영향은 전체 압력 범위에서 보조펌프(backing pump)의 배기속도가 일정 용량 이상이면 터보분자펌프(TMP)의 배기속도에 영향이 없음을 제시하며, 이에 본 연구에서는 국제규격에서 제시하는 보조펌프(backing pump) 용량에 대해 서로 다른 조건에 맞추어 터보분자 펌프(TMP)의 배기속도에 미치는 영향을 연구하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 100m3/h, 10m3/h 의 서로 다른 배기속도를 가진 보조펌프(backing pump)를 선정하여 분자량이 다른 가스(N2, He, Ar 등)에 대한 압축비의 변화와 배기속도 측정에 관해 상관 관계를 제시하며, 100m3/h, 10m3/h 의 서로 다른 배기속도를 가진 보조펌프(backing pump)에 따른 터보분자펌프(TMP)의 배기속도 및 운전성능을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.317-319
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• 2002

All-optical switching has been demonstrated in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) based on nonlinear intensity induced excited state absorption. The transmission of a cw probe laser beam at 410 nm corresponding to the peak absorption of M state through a bR film is switched by a pulsed pump laser beam at 570 nm that corresponds to the maximum initial 8 state absorption. The switching characteristics have been analyzed using the rate equation approach considering all the six intermediate states (B, K, L, M, N and 0) in the bR photocycle. The switching characteristics are shown to be sensitive to life time of the M state, absorption cross-section of the 8 state at probe wavelength ($\sigma$ $\_$Bp/) and peak pump intensity. It has been shown that the probe laser beam can be completely switched off (100 % modulation) by the pump laser beam at relatively low pump powers, for $\sigma$$\_$Bp/ = O. The switching characteristics have been used to design all-optical NOT, OR, AND and the universal NOR and NAND logic gates for optical computing with two pulsed pump laser beams.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

Experimental investigations are performed for the rarefied gas flows in a multi-stage disk-type drag pump. The pump considered in the present study consists of grooved rotors and stators. The flow-meter method is adopted to calculate the pumping speed. Compression ratios and pumping speeds for the nitrogen gas are measured under the outlet pressure range of 0.13∼533 Pa. The present experimental data show the leak-limited value of the compression ratio in the molecular transition region. The rotational speed of the pump is 24,000rpm, and nitrogen is used as a test gas. The pumping characteristics of various drag pumps are performed. The inlet pressures are measured for various outlet pressures of the test pump. The ultimate pressures for zero throughput are measured for three-stage, two-stage and single-stage disk-type, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.272-280
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• 2009

In this study is performed to investigate the pumping characteristics of three-stage disk-type molecular drag pump (DTDP). The experiments are measured using five vacuum pressure gauges in the positions for rotors of DTDP. The experimented DTDP is consisted of three rotors and four stator. In the DTDP, spiral channels of three rotors are cut on the both upper surface and lower surface of a rotating disk, and corresponding stator is a planar disk. The experiments are performed in the outlet pressure range of $0.2{\sim}533\;Pa$. The pressure of each rotors are measured under the various condition of outlet pressure and throughputs, and nitrogen gas is used for test gas. In the numerical study, the pumping characteristics of each rotor are studied for the variation of throughputs in the all rotating channel. Pressure contour and velocity are obtained by the numerical simulation.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.643-648
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• 2001

The direct simulation Monte Carlo(DSMC) method is applied to investigate steady and unsteady flow fields of a single-stage disk-type drag pump. Two different kinds of pumps are considered: the first one is a rotor-rotor combination, and the second one is a rotor-stator combination. The pumping channels are cut on a rotor and stator. The rotor and stator have 10 Archimedes' spiral blades, respectively. In the present DSMC method, the variable hard sphere model is used as a molecular model, and the no time counter method is employed as a collision sampling technique. For simulation of diatomic gas flows, the Borgnakke-Larsen phenomenological model is adopted to redistribute the translational and internal energies. The DSMC results are in good agreement with the experimental data.