• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2014

This study investigates the characteristics of the Gross Moist Stability (GMS) over the tropics. The GMS summarizes the relationship between large-scale entropy forcing due to radiation and surface fluxes and the response of smaller-scale convection. The GMS is able to explain both to where moist entropy is advected by the atmospheric circulation and how deep the moisture flux convergence is in the tropical region. In the deep convective region, positive GMS appears over the warm pool region due to the strong column-integrated moisture convergence and the ensuing export of moist entropy to the environment. The vertical advection of moist entropy dominates over the horizontal advection in this region. Meanwhile, over the eastern tropical ITCZ region, which is characterized by shallow convective area, import of moist entropy by horizontal winds is dominant compared to the vertical moist entropy advection. Future changes in the GMS are also examined using the 22 CMIP5 model simulations. A decrease in the GMS appears widely across the tropics, but its increase occurs over the western-central equatorial Pacific. It is evident that the increased GMS region corresponds to an increased region of precipitation, implying that strengthened convection in the future due to increased entropy forcing exports the enhanced moist energy to stabilize the environment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2017

In this study, moist curing equipment was used in the exist gang-form system. By achieving sufficient spray curing, the quality of the concrete was improved and the cracking occurred in building's side wall was decreased. The following results could be made as the conclusion. For the compressive strength, all zones showed the similar results. Comparing with the zone without using moist curing equipment, the zone used moist curing equipment showed higher rebound hardness results. For the cracking, the zone utilized moist curing equipment showed the cracking averaged as 6.6 m and the zone without using moist curing equipment showed the cracking averaged as 10.3m. The effectof reducing cracking by utilizing moist curing equipment is about 36 %. Using moist curing equipment is considered as a good solution to reduce the cracking in the structure. Considering all the factors analysed, using moist curing equipment improved the quality of the concrete and decreased the cracking. When this equipment was used in the construction site, it is expected that the construction periodcan be shrunk and the ratio of defect caused by drying shrinkage can be decreased. In this research conditions, The 0.3mm sized moist curing equipment provided the most desirable results on concrete quality and preventing cracking.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.190-194
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• 2008

We estimated the digestibility and growth rate of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) on three diets: raw fish-based moist pellets, moist pellets, and extruded pellets. The diets were created using commercially available methods, and a basic formulated powder. A reference diet was used to compare feed digestibility and the fish growth rate achieved using the experimental diets. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein for raw fish-based moist pellets and moist pellets were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those for extruded pellets and the reference diet. The ADCs of nitrogen-free extracts (NFE) of extruded pellets and moist pellets were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those for raw fish-based moist pellets and the reference diet. Fish that were fed with the raw fish-based moist pellets showed the greatest weight gain (452.4%), which was not significantly different from that of fish fed with extruded pellets (414.4%; P>0.05). These results indicate that the higher protein efficiency in fish fed with extruded pellets can result in good growth performance within flounder culture systems.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.93-102
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• 2012

Once the condensation of water vapor in moist air around a thin airfoil occurs, liquid droplets nucleate. The condensation process releases heat to the surrounding gaseous components of moist air and significantly affects their thermodynamic and flow properties. As a results, variations in the aerodynamic performance of airfoils can be found. In the present work, the effects of upstream Mach number and thickness ratio of airfoil on the transonic flow of moist air around a thin airfoil are investigated by numerical analysis. The results shows that a significant condensation occurs as the upstream Mach number is increased at the fixed thickness ratio of airfoil($\epsilon$=0.12) and as the thickness ratio of airfoil is increased at the fixed upstream Mach number($M_{\infty}$=0.80). The condensate mass fraction is also increased and dispersed widely around an airfoil as the upstream Mach number and thickness ratio of airfoil are increased. The position of shock wave for moist air flow move toward the leading edge of airfoil when it is compared with the position of shock wave for dry air.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.307-315
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of several thermal therapies using ice pack, moist-hot pack and ultrasound, separately and concomitantly and to obtain the background information on the vascular changes after thermophysical therapies. The author had used 15 healthy subjects were examined and the subjects were divide into 5 groups : ice pack, moist-hot pack, ultrasound, ice pack and moist-hot pack, ice pack and ultrasound. Observation were made immediate before and 0,5,10,20,30,45,60,90 minutes after treatment. Thermography was performed in an Agema 870 thermovisio with 0.1$^{\circ}C$ difference of gradual temperature shift. The results were as follows : 1. Using ice pack only, the surface temperature of the masseter region was increased lapse of time, and most remarkably 90 minutes after the treatment. 2. Using moist-hot pack only, the surface temperature of the region was remarkably increased immediately after the treatment, but decreased lapse of time. 3. Using moist-hot pack with ice pack, the surface temperature of the face was remarkably increased immediately after the treatment, and decreased lapse of time, Hyperthermia was maintained for a longer time as compared with the group of moist-hot pack only. 4. Using ultrasound only, the surface temperature of the region was increased gradually, and most remarkably 30 minutes after the treatment, but decreased in the course of time. 5. Using ultrasound combined with ice pack, the surface temperature of the region was gradually decreased until 30 minutes after the treatment, and decrease to some extend at 45 minute. And then a gradual increase observed over the remaining period of the experiment. 6. Hyperthermia were maintained for a long time in the groups using ice pack combined with moist-hot pack and ultrasound as compared with the other groups. Our data suggest that ice pack can promote the efficacy of other thermal therapies.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.348-357
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• 2017

In this study, we examined the physical properties of cement mortar by replacing a part of the amount of fine aggregate in moist mud flat. I analyzed the possibilities of using bricks. Flow measurement results show that the flow value increases as the mixing ratio of cement and fine aggregate increases and the flow value decreased as the replacement ratio of moist mud flats decreased. Chloride contents were also found to decrease with decreasing substitution rate of moist mud flats. As a result of the compressive strength measurement, the compressive strength increased in inverse proportion as the displacement ratio of moist mud flats decreased in most mixing ratio. As a result of tensile strength measurement, the tendency was similar to compressive strength and the intensity increased as the replacement ratio of moist mud flats decreased.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 1996

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate dry pellet on growth of juvenile Korean rockfish (sebastes schlegeli) by comparing with moist pellet and raw fish-based moist pellet. In the first experiment, three replicate groups of 40 fish averaging 4.7 g were fed one of the following three experimental diets for 11 weeks : d교 pellet (DP) and moist pellet (MP) diets containing $56\%$ white fish meal (WFM) + $3\%$ soybean meal (SM) + $5\%$ corn gluten meal (CGM) as protein sources, or raw fish-based moist pellet (RMP, $50\%$ frozen horse mackerel+$50\%$ commercial fish feed). No significant differences were found among fish fed different pellet types of diets in daily weight gain and whole body composition (P>0.05). In the second experiment, two replicate groups of 140 fish averaging 10.9 g were fed one of the following three experimental diets for 8 weeks : DP and MP diets containing $38\%$ WFM+$15\%$ SM+$10\%$ CGM as protein sources, or RMP. Daily weight gain and feed efficiency from fish fed RMP were significantly (P>0.05) higher than those from fish fed DP diet. These different growth responses between two experiments may be due to dietary protein sources and nutrient content. findings showed that DP can be used as a practical diet for juvenile Korean rockfish.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.2121-2126
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• 2003

Supersonic free jets discharging from an orifice or a nozzle have long been research subject with a number of engineering applications and have mainly been investigated using dry air or other gas without any condensation effects. The major characteristics of those supersonic jets are now well known in terms of jet pressure ratio and ratio of specific heats of gas. Recently, the supersonic jets of superheated steam or moist air are being used in many industrial applications, in which case is expected that the condensation effects might alter the fundamental structure of the dry air jet. The present study aims to investigate the supersonic moist air jet and to clarify the condensation effects on the jet structure. An experiment is carried out using an indraft wind tunnel facility. The relative humidity of moist air is controlled at the nozzle supply, and the jet pressure ratio is varied to obtain the moderately under expanded flows at the exit of the nozzle. It is found that the relative humidity of moist air can change the diameter and location of Mach Disk.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.676-681
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to explain theoretically the mechanism of the frequency-dependent apex locator which can detect the apex of the root in moist canals with blood or other conductible canal irrigants. The frequency-dependent apex locator is based on measuring the ratio of the two impedances of the two alternating currents with different frequencies. We analyzed the changes of the ratio between the two impedances by using differential calculus. Our analysis shows that : 1. When the file is in the moist canal, the ratio between the two impedances is almost constant. 2. As the file approaches the apex of the root, the ratio decreases sharply. By this mechanism, the frequency-dependent apex locator can detect the apex of the-root quite accurately in moist canals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2004.03a
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• pp.768-773
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• 2004

When a gas expands through a convergent nozzle in which the ratio of the ambient to the stagnation pressures is higher than that of the critical one, the issuing jet from the nozzle is underexpanded. If a flat plate is placed normal to the jet at a certain distance from the nozzle, a detached shock wave is formed at a region between the nozzle exit and the plate. In general, supersonic moist air jet technologies with nonequilibrium condensation are very often applied to industrial manufacturing processes. In spite of the importance in major characteristics of the supersonic moist air jets impinging to a solid body, its qualitative characteristics can not even know. In the present study, the effect of the nonequilibrium condensation on the underexpanded moist air jet impinging on a vertical flat plate is investigated experimentally. Flow visualization and impact pressure measurement are performed for various relative humidities and flat plate positions. The obtained results show the plate shock and Mach disk are dependent on the nozzle pressure ratio and the relative humidity, but for a given nozzle pressure ratio, the diameters of the plate shock and Mach disk depend on the stagnation relative humidity. The impact pressure deviation from the flow of without condensation is large, as the relative stagnation humidity increases.