• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.771-781
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of food security measures, which was developed based on the US household food security survey module (US HFSSM) with content validity in the Korean population. The reliability and validity were assessed by internal consistency, construct validity and criterion-related validity. The study included 446 households. Among those, 46.2% were households with children. The proportion of food insecure households was 33.3%. Among those, 35.4% and 64.6% households were food insecure with hunger and without hunger, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.84 and the infit value by the Rasch model analysis ranged from 0.68 to 1.43. The scale item response curves by food insecurity severity explained well the nature and characteristics of food security, indicating the highest proportion of "yes" for the items on diet quality, followed by those with diet quantity. The result of criterion-related validity showed that food insecurity status was significantly related in a dose-response manner with the household income level, food expenditure, subjective health state, subjects' educational level. Household food security status was also related to dietary diversity regarding protein foods, fruits and fruit juice, and milk and dairy product. These findings suggest that the food security instrument is reliable and valid and would be used to assess food security status in the Korean population.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.526-537
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Clinical Teaching Behavior Inventory (CTBI). Methods: The English CTBI-23 was translated into Korean with forward and backward translation. Survey data were collected from 280 nurses' preceptors at five acute-care hospitals in Korea. Content validity, construct validity, and criterion-related validity were evaluated. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was used to assess reliability. SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The CTBI Korean version consists of 22 items in six domains, including being committed to teaching, building a learning atmosphere, using appropriate teaching strategies, guiding inter-professional communication, providing feedback and evaluation, and showing concern and support. One of the items in the CTBI was excluded with a standardized factor loading of less than .05. The confirmatory factor analysis supported good fit and reliable scores for the Korean version of the CTBI model. A six-factor structure was validated ($x^2=366.30$, p<.001, CMIN/df=2.0, RMSEA=.06, RMR=.03, SRMR=.05, GFI=.90, IFI=.94, TLI=.92, CFI=.94). The criterion validity of the core competency evaluation tool for preceptors was .77 (p<.001). The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for the overall scale was .93, and the six subscales ranged from .72 to .85. Conclusion: The Korean version CTBI-22 is a valid and reliable instrument for identifying the clinical teaching behaviors of preceptors in Korea. The CTBI-22 also could be used as a guide for the effective teaching behavior of preceptors, which can help new nurses adapt to the practicalities of nursing.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.201-227
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument measuring mathematics anxiety suitable for Korean High school students. In order to achieve this study purpose, the study was conducted according to the procedure of setting components of mathematics anxiety, developing questions, and verifying validity and reliability. First, in order to set the components of mathematic anxiety, previous studies on mathematic anxiety. Through this, six factors of mathematic anxiety were derived. Next, new questions were developed for each of the six constituent factors. The 122 questions were revised and supplemented through two content validity tests, and the final instrument for mathematics anxiety consisted of 49 questions of 6 factors. Finally, to verify the validity and reliability of the measurement instrument for mathematics anxiety, a survey was conducted on 1,848 students from 16 universities in Seoul and the metropolitan area. Next, a validity analysis was conducted with the 1,645 responses, excluding students who answered that there was no mathematics anxiety. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, 15 out of 49 questions were removed. Six factors were named individual characteristics, pressure on achievement, abstraction in mathematics, teaching and learning style, parental attitudes, and cumulative mathematics subjects. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the model fit was found to be appropriate, and the convergence validity and discriminant validity were found to be good.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.110-120
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the factor structure of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (MQOL-R) in the context of Korean culture and to verify its reliability and validity. Methods: The participants comprised terminal cancer patients aged 25 or older, and data from 164 participants were analyzed. The study was conducted in the following order: translation, expert review, reverse translation, preliminary investigation and interviews, and completion of the final version. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to evaluate the validity of the instrument, and the Beck Depression Inventory, Korean version (K-BDI) was applied to confirm the criterion validity of the MQOL-R Korean version. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient, representing internal consistency, was measured to evaluate reliability. Results: Cronbach's alpha for all 14 questions was 0.862. The model fit indices for confirmatory factor analysis were within the acceptance criteria. The factor loadings of all four factors were over 0.50, and convergent validity and discriminant validity were confirmed. Regarding criterion validity, a negative correlation was found between the four factors of MQOL-R Korean version and the K-BDI. Conclusion: The MQOL-R Korean version, the reliability and validity of which were verified in this study, is a 15-item tool consisting of 14 items dealing with four physical, psychological, existential, and social factors and a single item evaluating the overall quality of life. The MQOL-R Korean version is an instrument that can more concisely and effectively measure the quality of life of patients with life-threatening diseases.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.332-339
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• 2023

Background: The aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale for Turkish nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional, methodological study design was used. The study was carried out at three nursing undergraduate programs in Turkey during the academic year of 2020-2021 with 336 senior nursing students. Language validity and content validity analyses were performed for the scale adaptation, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity. The reliability of the scale was determined using the test-retest and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Results: The scale-content validity index score was 0.988. In CFA, all goodness-of-fit indices verified the acceptable fit of the model; its root mean square error of approximation was 0.076; the normed fit index was 0.909; the standardized mean square residual was 0.097; the relative fit index was 0.881; the goodness-of-fit index was 0.915; the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872 and χ²/df = 2.932. The overall reliability was α = 0.86. The item-total correlations of the scale were above the acceptable level, and the test-retest analysis had a high correlation. The access to healthcare (14.68, SD 3.53) obtained the highest average score, and the adequate compensation (8.52, SD 3.76) was the lowest rated by the senior nursing students. Conclusion: The Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale is a valid and reliable scale to assess nursing students' future decent work securement.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is examine the validity of digital competency indicators in order to develop a tool that can measure the digital competency of preschool teachers. To review the validity, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on the data of 272 preschool teachers. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in four factors, and the confirmatory factor analysis verified the fit, validity(convergent validity, discriminant validity) and reliability of each competency group and the model composition of sub-competency indicators. The four factors validated were named 'Understanding Digital Technologies', 'Digital Technology Understanding', 'Digital Technology Application', 'Digital Technology-based Communication', 'Digital Ethics Understanding and Practice'. The analysis results demonstrated the reliability and validity of the tool for measuring the digital competencies of preschool teachers, and it is meaningful in that it can provide a foundation for measuring the digital competency of preschool teachers and conducting education program suitable for each digital competency level.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 1983

Within the conventional transportation planning process, "trip distribution" has a significant role to play. The most widely applied trip distribution model is the gravity model, for which Wilson provided the theoretical basis in 1967. The concept of the gravity model, however, still remains ambiguous if we analyze the "trip distribution" with a disaggregate data set. Thus, this paper hypothesizes that the gravity technique is still valid even with the disaggregate data set, by proving that the estimated coefficients of the gravity model, which is derived under the principle of entropy maximization, are identical with those of the multinomial logit model, which is derived under the principle of individual utility maximization.tility maximization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.182-185
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• 2004

Based on the experimental observation, the mathematical friction model, which is an essential information for analyzing the forming process of sheet metal, is developed considering lubricant viscosity, surface roughness and hardness, punch corner radius, and punch speed. By comparing the punch load found by FEM with a proposed friction model with experimental measurement when the coated and uncoated steel sheets are formed in 2-D geometry in dry and lubricant conditions, the validity and accuracy of the developed friction model are demonstrated.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.751-759
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• 1998

The study of the validity test on the self-monitoring scale for nurses In this study, both the literary survey as well as empirical research has been executed to test the validity of the scales that measure the construct of the self-monitoring scale. The self-monitoring scale could not be classified into five factors as Snyder suggested. Many other scholars (Briggs, Cheek and Buss, 1980) suggested 3 different classifications which was accepted by Snyder and Gangestad (1986). John, Cheek and Klohnen(1996) claimed a two-factor classification. As has been discussed, factor analysis is used to prove convergent validity within the factor and discriminant validity between the factors. However, depending on the researchers, many variations in classification of the factors were found and a lack of content and discriminant validity were found in the previous research findings. It is also important to note that Snyder's self-monitoring scale did not factor-load at over. 30 for all 25 items, regardless of how many factors could be classified. According to findings of this study, the self-monitoring scale neither classified as five, three or two factors nor factor loaded as hypothesized. It is also clear that Snyder's self-monitoring scale lacks convergent validity as the sub-factors of the scale failed to prove its uni-dimensionality. The A self-monit oring scale not only fail to overcome the problems of Snyder's self-monitori ng scale but even lost the attractiveness of the self-monitoring scale. In this study it was also found that the A self-monitoring scale was not classified in either in a two or three-factor classification as hypothesized. It is, of course, not desirable to use any scale that lacks convergent and discriminant validity even though it has been widely used and has held a great deal of influence on the field of social psychology. To overcome the shortcomings of Snyder's self-monitoring scale, Lennox and Wolfe(1984) suggested 13 items. This study was dedicated to test the validity and reliability of the scale, in which we found that the data presented in validity as the two factors were class ified and loaded as expected. Reliability was also proven by checking Cronbach's α for each factor and for the total items. In addition, a confirmatory factor analysis was executed for the 13 items using LISREL 8.12 program to confirm convergent validity in a two-factor classification. The model was fitting and sound : however, the self-monitoring scale was unfitted and not validated. Thus, it is recommended to use not the original nor the abbreviated self-monitoring scale but the 13 items in future studies. It should also be noted that items 7 and 13 should be removed to obtain better uni-dimensionality for the 13 items. These items loaded at over. 30, too high for the two factors in the test results of Factor analysis. In addition, it is necessary to double-check the cause of two-hold loading at over .30 for the two factors. It could be a problem caused by data or by the scale itself. Therefore, additional studies should follow to better clarify this matter.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.263-302
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• 2003

Since new Korean arbitration law was modeledafter UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration Law, the judicial review on the arbitral award is at most limited to fundamental procedural justice. Thus, drafting valid arbitration clause is paramount important to enforce arbitral awards in the new legal environment. A losing party in arbitral process would often claim of the invalidity of arbitration agreement to challenge the arbitral award. Especially, the validity of arbitration clause in the construction contracts is often challenged in Korean courts. This is because the construction contracts usually include selective arbitration agreement in multi-tiered dispute resolution clause that is drafted ambiguous or uncertain. In this paper selective arbitration agreement means a clause in a contract that provides that party may choose arbitration or litigation to resolve disputes arising out of the concerned contract. On the hand multi-tiered dispute resolution clause means a clause in a contract that provides for distinct stages such as negotiation, mediation or arbitration. However, Korean courts are not in the same position on the validity of selective arbitration agreementin multi-tiered dispute resolution clause. Some courts in first instance recognized its validity on the ground that parties still intend to arbitrate in the contract despite the poor drafted arbitration clause. Other courts reject its validity on the ground that parties did not intend to resort to arbitration only with giving up their right to sue at courts to resolve their disputes by choosing selective arbitration agreement. Several cases are recently on pending at the Supreme Courts, which decision is expected to yield the court's position in uniform way. Having reviewed recent Korean courts' decisions on validity and applicability of arbitration agreement, this article suggests that courts are generally in favor of arbitration system It is also found that some courts' decisions narrowly interpreted the concerned stipulations in arbitration law despite they are in favorable position to the arbitration itself. However, most courts in major countries broadly interpret arbitration clause in favor of validity of selective arbitration agreement even if the arbitration clause is poorly drafted but parties are presume to intend to arbitrate. In conclusion it is desirable that selective arbitration agreement should be interpreted favorable to the validity of arbitration agreement. It is time for Korean courts to resolve this issue in the spirit of UNCITRAL model arbitration law which the new Korean arbitration law is based on.