• Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2016

Background: Conventionally, elderly hip fracture patients are assessed by orthopedists to decide whether they need geriatric intervention. We aimed to evaluate the effect of perioperative geriatric intervention on healthcare outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for hip fractures. Methods: Our care model for hip fracture surgery resembles a combination of a routine geriatric consultation model and a geriatric ward model. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients aged ${\geq}65years$ undergoing surgery for hip fracture at a single tertiary hospital from January 2010 to December 2013. We assessed comorbidity, indwelling status, fracture type, and mode of anesthesia. We also evaluated in-hospital expenditure, duration of admission, disposition at discharge and 1-year mortality as clinical outcomes. We developed a propensity score model using the variables of age, cholesterol, and creatinine and examined the effect of perioperative geriatric intervention on intergroup differences of clinical variables. Results: Among 639 patients, 138 patients received the geriatric intervention and 501 patients received the usual care. Univariate analysis showed that factors such as age; Charlson comorbidity index; and serum levels of cholesterol, albumin, and creatinine differed significantly between these 2 groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of 1-year mortality, disposition at discharge, and in-hospital expenditure in the propensity matched model. However, the duration of hospitalization was shorter in the intervention group ($8.9{\pm}0.8days$) than in the usual care group ($14.2{\pm}3.7days$, p=0.006). Conclusion: This care model of geriatric intervention for patients with hip fracture is associated with reduced hospitalization duration.

• STI Policy Review
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.17-39
• /
• 2016

Despite the importance of university-industry collaboration, issues pertaining to the characteristics of collaborating firms, their modes of interaction, and the relationship between these modes and outcomes are not well-researched. The impact of country's development on these issues is also unclear. This case study examines Japan and Thailand-respectively representing developed and developing countries-and features the following key findings: 1) the characteristics of firms affect modes, with large Japanese firms being more collaborative with universities, whereas Thai SMEs significantly collaborate more with universities; 2) the relationship between modes in Thai firms is stronger than those of Japanese firms because in Thailand, perhaps due to weak technological capacity, R&D collaboration is conducted alongside university consultancy services; and 3) in Japan, R&D and human resource development collaboration lead to product innovation, whereas different outcomes are expected from different modes in Thailand. Apparently, trivial informal collaborations do have significant impact on innovation.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.475-494
• /
• 2007

This paper deals with the development of an innovative distributed construction system based on smart prefabricated concrete elements for the real-time condition assessment of civil infrastructure. So far, two reduced-scale prototypes have been produced, each consisting of a $0.2{\times}0.3{\times}5.6$ m RC beam specifically designed for permanent instrumentation with 8 long-gauge Fiber Optic Sensors (FOS) at the lower edge. The sensing system is Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)-based and can measure finite displacements both static and dynamic with a sample frequency of 625 Hz per channel. The performance of the system underwent validation in the laboratory. The scope of the experiment was to correlate changes in the dynamic response of the beams with different damage scenarios, using a direct modal strain approach. Each specimen was dynamically characterized in the undamaged state and in various damage conditions, simulating different cracking levels and recurrent deterioration scenarios, including cover spalling and corrosion of the reinforcement. The location and the extent of damage are evaluated by calculating damage indices which take account of changes in frequency and in strain-mode-shapes. The outcomes of the experiment demonstrate how the damage distribution detected by the system is fully compatible with the damage extent appraised by inspection.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.105-119
• /
• 2015

Structural damage detection using modal strain energy (MSE) is one of the most efficient and reliable structural health monitoring techniques. However, some of the existing MSE methods have been validated for special types of structures such as beams or steel truss bridges which demands improving the available methods. The purpose of this study is to improve an efficient modal strain energy method to detect and quantify the damage in complex structures at early stage of formation. In this paper, a modal strain energy method was mathematically developed and then numerically applied to a fixed-end beam and a three-story frame including single and multiple damage scenarios in absence and presence of up to five per cent noise. For each damage scenario, all mode shapes and natural frequencies of intact structures and the first five mode shapes of assumed damaged structures were obtained using STRAND7. The derived mode shapes of each intact and damaged structure at any damage scenario were then separately used in the improved formulation using MATLAB to detect the location and quantify the severity of damage as compared to those obtained from previous method. It was found that the improved method is more accurate, efficient and convergent than its predecessors. The outcomes of this study can be safely and inexpensively used for structural health monitoring to minimize the loss of lives and property by identifying the unforeseen structural damages.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.135-146
• /
• 2024

본 연구는 대한민국 서남권의 도심항공교통(UAM) 거점환승센터를 광주송정역에 건립하였을 경우 도심항공교통(UAM)의 수단분담률을 예측하는 것이다. 효용함수와 수단선택 로짓모형을 이용한 점 추정방식의 확정적 교통수요 예측모형은 미래의 변동성을 반영하는 못하는 한계점을 지니며 이를 보완하고자 본 연구에서는 효용함수와 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 분석을 결합하여 확률론적 도심항공교통의 수단분담률을 추정하였다. 도심항공교통의 수단분담률을 결정하는 변수의 확률분포를 가정하여 시뮬레이션 결과 최소 0.07%, 최대 4.7%, 평균 0.95%의 수단분담률로 산출되었다. 수단분담률에 영향을 미치는 주요 영향 요인의 민감도 분석 결과 단위요금, 비용파라미터, 기본요금, 이착륙 시간이 중요 요인으로 나타났으며, 단위요금, 기본요금, 이착륙 시간은 음(-)의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타나 도심항공교통의 이용 활성화를 위해서는 적정 수준의 요금 설정이 중요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.1024-1031
• /
• 2019

The Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) with its liquid circulating fuel and its fast neutron spectrum calls for a new safety approach including technological neutral methodologies and analysis tools adapted to early design phases. In the frame of the Horizon2020 program SAMOFAR (Safety Assessment of the Molten Salt Fast Reactor) a safety approach suitable for Molten Salt Reactors is being developed and applied to the MSFR. After a description of the MSFR reference design, this paper focuses on the identification of the Postulated Initiating Events (PIEs), which is a core part of the global assessment methodology. To fulfil this task, the Functional Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FFMEA) and the Master Logic Diagram (MLD) are selected and employed separately in order to be as exhaustive as possible in the identification of the initiating events of the system. Finally, an extract of the list of PIEs, selected as the most representative events resulting from the implementation of both methods, is presented to illustrate the methodology and some of the outcomes of the methods are compared in order to highlight symbioses and differences between the MLD and the FFMEA.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.203-218
• /
• 2022

In this paper, quasi-static tests were carried out on three prefabricated reinforced concrete column-steel beam (RCS) sub-assemblages with floor slabs and one comparison specimen without floor slab. The effects of axial compression and floor slab on the seismic performance were studied, and finite element simulations were conducted using ABAQUS. The results showed that the failure of prefabricated RCS sub-assemblages with floor occurred as a joint beam and column failure mode, while failure of sub-assemblages without floor occurred due to beam plastic hinge formation. Compared to the prefabricated RCS sub-assemblages without floor slab, the overall stiffness of the sub-assemblages with floor slab was between 19.2% and 45.4% higher, and the maximum load bearing capacity increased by 26.8%. However, the equivalent viscosity coefficient was essentially unchanged. When the axial compression ratio increased from 0.24 to 0.36, the hysteretic loops of the sub-assemblages with floor became fuller, and the load bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity increased by 12.1%, 12.9% and 8.9%, respectively. Also, the initial stiffness increased by 10.2%, but the stiffness degradation accelerated. The proportion of column drift caused by beam end plastic bending and column end bending changed from 35% and 46% to 47% and 36%, respectively. Comparative finite element analyses indicated that the numerical simulation outcomes agreed well with the experimental results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제68권2호
• /
• pp.171-182
• /
• 2018

For the first time, nonlocal damped vibration and buckling analyses of arbitrary tapered bidirectional functionally graded solid circular nano-plate (BDFGSCNP) are presented by employing modified spectral Ritz method. The energy method based on Love-Kirchhoff plate theory assumptions is applied to derive neutral equilibrium equation. The Eringen's nonlocal continuum theory is taken into account to capture small-scale effects. The characteristic equations and corresponding first mode shapes are calculated by using a novel modified basis in spectral Ritz method. The modified basis is in terms of orthogonal shifted Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind to avoid employing adhesive functions in the spectral Ritz method. The fast convergence and compatibility with various conditions are advantages of the modified spectral Ritz method. A more accurate multivariable function is used to model two-directional variations of elasticity modulus and mass density. The effects of nanoscale, in-plane pre-load, distributed dashpot, arbitrary tapering, pinned and clamped boundary conditions on natural frequencies and buckling loads are investigated. Observing an excellent agreement between results of current work and outcomes of previously published works in literature, indicates the results' accuracy in current work.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.2101-2107
• /
• 2012

Treatment responses of $N_0$ stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma were firstly analyzed comprehensively to evaluate long term outcomes of patients and identify prognostic factors. A total of 610 patients with $N_0$ NPC, undergoing definitive radiotherapy to their primary lesion and prophylactic radiation to upper neck, were reviewed retrospectively. Concomitant chemotherapy was administrated to 65 out of the 610. Survival rates of the patients were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Prognostic factors were identified by the Cox regression model. The study revealed the 5-year and 10-year overall, disease-free, disease-specific, local failure-free, regional failure-free, locoregional failure-free and distant metastasis-free survival rates to be 78.7% and 66.8%, 68.8% and 55.8%, 79.9% and 70.4%, 81.2% and 72.5%, 95.8% and 91.8%, 78.3% and 68.5%, 88.5% and 85.5%, respectively. There were 192 patients experiencing failure (31.5%) after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Of these, local recurrence, regional relapse and distant metastases as the first event of failure occurred in 100 (100/610, 16.4%), 15(15/610, 2.5%) and 52 (52/610, 8.5%), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for patients with $N_0$ NPC (P=0.000). Late T stage (P=0.000), male (P=0.039) and anemia (P=0.007) were independently unfavorable factors predicting disease-free survival. After treatment, satisfactory outcome wasgenerally achieved in patients with $N_0$ NPC. Local recurrence represented the predominant mode of treatment failure, while T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Late T stage, male gender, and anemia independently predicted lower possibility of the disease-free survival.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.163-169
• /
• 2013

주관절 전치환술은 과거 임상적 결과를 토대로 새로운 디자인이 개발 중이며 불안정성이나 해리 등의 단점을 개선하고 수명을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 종설은 비연결형 주관절 치환술과 전환형 주관절 치환술의 일반적 개념을 기술하고자 한다. 과거의 비연결형 치환물 중 현재는 일부만 사용되고 있다. 기존의 단점을 보완한 최근의 비연결형 디자인은 더 안정적인 관절면 모양, 스템형 치환물 및 요골-소두 치환술을 첨가하는 형태 등으로 개선되고 있다. 전환형 디자인은 전세계적으로 두 개의 모델이 개발되어 사용 중이며 최근 국내에서도 사용 가능하게 되었다. 비연결형 디자인에서 추가적인 연결고리를 이용하면 쉽게 연결형으로 전환이 가능하다. 비연결형 주관절 치환술은 인체 주관절과 유사한 운동 구조를 가지게 되어 폴리에틸렌 마모나 치환물의 해리를 감소시킬 수 있는 장점이 있다. 주변골과 연부 조직이 보존된 경우 또는 활동도가 높은 젊은 환자에서 적응증이 될 수 있다. 전환형 주관절 치환술은 치환물의 선택을 넓히고 재수술을 용이하게 하는 장점을 가지고 있다. 두 개의 치환물의 사용은 연결형 치환술이 가지고 있는 단점을 보완하고 장기적인 결과를 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.