• BMB Reports
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.618-624
• /
• 2004

All members of R. glutinosa show the unique characteristic of intrinsic tolerance to paraquat (PQ). Antioxidant enzymes have been proposed to be the primary mechanism of PQ resistance in several plant species. Therefore, the antioxidant enzyme systems of R. glutinosa were evaluated by comparatively analyzing cellular antioxidant enzyme levels, and their responses of oxidative stresses and hormones. The levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), non-specific peroxidase (POX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were 7.3-, 4.9-, 2.7- and 1.6-fold higher in PQ-tolerant R. glutinosa than in PQ-susceptible soybeans. However, the activity of catalase (CAT) was about 12-fold higher in the soybeans. The activities of antioxidant enzymes reduced after PQ treatment in the two species, with the exception of POX and SOD in R. glutinosa, which increased by about 40%. Interestingly, the activities of APX, SOD and POX in R. glutinosa, relative to those in soybeans, were further increased by 49, 67 and 93% after PQ treatment. The considerably higher intrinsic levels, and increases in the relative activities of antioxidant enzymes in R. glutinosa under oxidative stress support the possible role of these enzymes in the PQ tolerance of R. glutinosa. However, the relatively lower levels of SOD versus PQ tolerance, and the mixed responses of antioxidant enzymes to stresses and hormones, suggest a possible alternative mechanism(s) for PQ tolerance in R. glutinosa.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the group piano playing program, which was a part of psycho-emotional support program, on international marriage immigrant women's self-efficacy. For this case study, five international marriage immigrant women from "N Multi-culture Supporting Agency" were agreed to participate in the study. The group piano playing program was implemented for ten sessions. Each session took place once a week for ten weeks. In order to examine the effects of self-efficacy on the participants, both quantitative and qualitative methods were used as a mixed methods research design. As a result, the participants' self-efficacy average score was statistically significant (p< .05). Also, qualitative analysis of participants' verbal and behavioral response showed positive changes in their level of self-efficacy. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that the group piano playing can facilitate as an effective intervention to promote the self-efficacy on international marriage immigrant women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.12
• /
• pp.1675-1681
• /
• 2016

The aim of this study was to detect positional candidate genes located within the support interval (SI) regions based on the results of red blood cell, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin quantitative trait locus (QTL) in Sus scrofa chromosome 13, and to verify the correlation between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the exonic region of the positional candidate gene and the three genetic traits. The flanking markers of the three QTL SI regions are SW38 and S0215. Within the QTL SI regions, 44 genes were located, and runt-related transcription factor 1, dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A), and potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 15 KCNJ15-which are reported to be related to the hematological traits and clinical features of Down syndrome-were selected as positional candidate genes. The ten SNPs located in the exonic region of the three genes were detected by next generation sequencing. A total of 1,232 pigs of an $F_2$ resource population between Landrace and Korean native pigs were genotyped. To investigate the effects of the three genes on each genotype, a mixed-effect model which is the considering family structure model was used to evaluate the associations between the SNPs and three genetic traits in the $F_2$ intercross population. Among them, the MCV level was highly significant (nominal $p=9.8{\times}10^{-9}$) in association with the DYRK1A-SNP1 (c.2989 G$F_2$ intercross, our approach has limited power to distinguish one particular positional candidate gene from a QTL region.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.371-382
• /
• 2000

Fashion, a means of communication, is the symbol conveying the social information and the individual identity. The opulence of material and the development of civilization make the sign of fashion variable and individual; especially, The importance of hair style among the today's sign of fashion, as a determinant element in judging each person's look is emphasized. Kitsch, based on the variety and the individuality is the manner of art in diverse hobbies. In addition, it enlarges the sphere of modern an, creates new open aesthetic world. Therefore, we need to understand the symbol of Kitsch aestetic represented in hair style, which is meaningful. The method of this study is quality analysis by means of semiology, aesthetics, Fashion artical, magazine, atc. To support this statement, we will study the form, a primary symbol, and the ideology, a secondly one in $\ulcorner$Mythologies$\lrcorner$ of Roland Bartes(1972). Then by means of the form and the ideology, we will try to recognize the myth, an essential symbol. The result of this study is following like these three points. First, the Kitsch patterns of representation in hair style use the accumulation by an excessive ornamentation; the inappropriateness by the lack of form, the disagreement, the unbalance, and the nonfunctional form; and finally, the amusement by the reconstruction, the exotic, and the satire. The above three is true to the Barthes's primary symbol-the form. Second, the anti-traditionality(including the lack of form, the disagreement, and the unbalance), the homesickness(including the reconstruction and the exotic), and the eclecticism(including the parody and the mixed imitation) are created as the ideology of the liberal artistic notion, different from the past outlooks on aesthetic. This is true to the Barthes's secondly symbol-the ideology. Third, the form and the ideology enable us to express our own thoughts and to recover the humanity, which is the primary purpose of Kitsch aesthetic. The Kitsch hair style, as we witness, does lead the varied and liberal aesthetic world, create its accessible value, and place the art of hair style in a higher status.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.33-40
• /
• 2018

Korea seems to have introduced the legal basis for supporting and revitalizing the 6th industry since about 2010. Problems such as lack of systematic support system, inadequacy of cooperation and cooperation between ministries, and poor efficiency have been raised. Also, there is a lack of information on the designation, development method, participant, and management plan of the 6th industrial complex. In this study, we review prior researches and cases related to the 6th industry and examine how to efficiently create the 6th industry-specific complex by analyzing the requirements of customers for the enterprises, residents, professionals and officials of the metropolitan area and non-metropolitan areas. As a result of the questionnaire survey, some suggestions for the establishment of the 6th industry specialization complex were drawn. First, 77.5% of the total requires a combination of public and mixed use, which can be expected to have positive effects such as sharing development gains with local residents and improving resettlement of local residents. Second, the 6th industrial complex should be harmonized with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd industries. However, unlike the standardized land use plan of existing industrial complex, it is necessary to expand the distribution and sales space to reflect the demand for tertiary industry. It is also necessary to consider measures for securing primary industrial sites or securing primary industrial sites through external procurement. Third, it is necessary to establish and operate a plan reflecting rent and rental demand after leasing for a certain period.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2009

Objective : Recently, obesity has increased at an alarming rate and is now a worldwide health problem. Natural dietary supplement, $CharmSlim^{(R)}$(C), is mixed pills, which consists of beans, black sesames, kelps, onions, adlay seeds, anchovies, pyogo mushrooms, green tea. Our study was performed to determine the weight-loss effects of natural dietary supplement, based on natural ingredients, in mice fed high-fat diet with an abundance of carbohydrates. Methods : Four groups of male ICR mice were fed different diets during 6 weeks: normal diet(NOR), high-fat (15%, w/w) diet(HF), high-fat supplemented with natural dietary supplement powdered 5%(C5) and 10%(C10) groups. We measured the changes of food intake, body weight and adipose tissues weights. Also we examined levels of lipid profiles in serum. Results : Body weight, liver weight and food efficiency ratio were significantly higher in the HF group than in NOR group. After 6 weeks of treatment, body weight, liver weight and adipose tissues weights (epididymal, perinephric, visceral and BAT) were significantly decreased in the C10 group when compared to the control HF group. The C10 group had markedly lower serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride when compared with HF group. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that this dietary supplement can suppress the increased lipid profiles, body weight and fat gains, thus could be considered as an effective adjunct in the treatment of obesity.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.79-97
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this research is to apply the neural networks models for the hydrologic disaggregation of the yearly pan evaporation(PE) data in Republic of Korea. The neural networks models consist of multilayer perceptron neural networks model(MLP-NNM) and support vector machine neural networks model(SVM-NNM), respectively. And, for the evaluation of the neural networks models, they are composed of training and test performances, respectively. The three types of data such as the historic, the generated, and the mixed data are used for the training performance. The only historic data, however, is used for the testing performance. The application of MLP-NNM and SVM-NNM for the hydrologic disaggregation of nonlinear time series data is evaluated from results of this research. Four kinds of the statistical index for the evaluation are suggested; CC, RMSE, E, and AARE, respectively. Homogeneity test using ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test, furthermore, is carried out for the observed and calculated monthly PE data. We can construct the credible monthly PE data from the hydrologic disaggregation of the yearly PE data, and the available data for the evaluation of irrigation and drainage networks system can be suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.309-326
• /
• 2011

There have been several milestones in the history of library classification but most of the schemes failed to meet the new challenges in the organisation of information. Dr. S. R. Ranganathan tried to revolutionise the whole thinking on classificatory approach, when he devised the Colon Classification (CC) in 1933. He developed the Colon Classification scheme with a sound theoretical background based on normative principles, Five laws of Library science, canons, etc. One important feature of CC is that, its use is not confined to information storage and retrieval alone. This paper presents an over view of different editions of the CC highlighting the salient features of the editions. Further the implication of Five Laws of Library Science has been described. The authors stressed that the features of such as greater hospitality, specificity and mixed notation has paved the way to design and develop the depth schedules on various micro level subjects and so far about 130 micro schedules have been published. The impressions by the leading LIS professionals during and after Ranganathan's time have been highlighted. The authors expressed the fear that when the library world would see the complete version of the seventh edition of CC? It may be due to lack of institutional support engaging in the research or financial constraints. The authors are of the opinion that any scheme to flourish needs a sound research body to bring out the revised editions as done in the case of Dewey Decimal Classification. The relevance of the CC in the contemporary world of Librarianship is discussed. Finally concludes that CC needs to be resuscitated as it is a precious national heritage; and still a force for the management of libraries.

• Explosives and Blasting
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2003

Currently, the shotcrete used as basic support in the tunnel excavation, has the advantages of maintaining high-level strength in condition of early shooting with thin thickness based on the excavation characteristics of rock mass. Therefore supreme equipment and materials were developed and the great strides have continued. Also, the development of measurement technology and the rocks behaviors of undergound are evaluated in detail and the designs of strength and thickness are made. The reinforcement materials development of new material is carried on. Most of the coal fly ash produced in Korea fire power plant is fly ash and bottom mash. Fly ash has been producing to be applied in many fields such as cement, aggregate, construction, civil, agriculture and fisheries. Also a lot of experiments are actively on the way. Therefore in this experiment, in order to use the fly ash mixed with concrete as a material of shotcrete, the experiment was performed in the best content to reduce the compression strength and the shooting rebound ratio of the excavated surface to use fly ash as a substitute material of concrete. As a result, when 15%.wt substitution was made to the fly ash, about 10% of compression strength and 6% of rebound ratio was reduced.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2011

This study evaluates common activity and quality of life in Swedish cohousing units to examine whether Swedish cohousing functions properly or not. A questionnaire survey was fulfilled during the autumn of 2010 in G$\ddot{o}$teborg Sweden. The subjects of study were 12 of 44 cohousing units in Sweden that included 4 of the +40 cohousing and 8 of the mixed-age cohousing. A total of 242 of 353 distributed questionnaires were collected (68.6%) and analyzed by SPSS statistical program. The findings are as follow: 1) General characteristics of the respondents are that they are mostly healthy, evenly aged from age 50s to 70s and highly educated with significant proportions of academics and civil workers. There are more females than males and more singles than cohabitants. 2) The most frequent and preferred common activity is a common meal followed by a coffee meeting. A common dinner, the 'hub of living together' is held almost every day or at least a few times a week. A common meal is considered one of the most important activities because of practical and social advantages in that residents can save time and cooking costs as well as engage in social contact. Referring to evaluation of frequency and content of common activity, more than a half of the respondents prefer the current situation. 3) All of the variables (except health conditions and education level) affect participation in common activity with statistical significance. 4) Most of the respondents indicate a high level of life satisfaction and are willing to recommend others move to cohousing. They agree that there is more mutual support among residents in cohousing units than in a conventional community. In conclusion, Swedish cohousing units function successfully as they have pursued intentional community ideology and most of the residents are proud of their current living situations.