• Computers and Concrete
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.347-360
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• 2022

Fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (FRCC) have emerged as a response to the calls for strong, ductile and sustainable concrete mixes. FRCC has shown outstanding mechanical properties and ductility where special fibres are used in the mixes to give it the strength and the ability to exhibit strain hardening. With the possibility of designing the FRCC mixes to include sustainable constituents and by-products materials such as fly ash, FRCC started to emerge as a green alternative as well. To be able to design mixes that achieve these conflicting properties in concrete, there is a need to understand the composition effect on FRCC and optimize these compositions. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the influence of FRCC compositions on the properties of fresh and hardened of FRCC and then to optimize these mix compositions using factorial design approach. Three factors, water-to-binder ratio (w/b), mineral admixtures (total of fly ash and metakaolin by cement content (MAR)), and metakaolin content (MK), were investigated to determine their effects on the properties of fresh and hardened FRCC. The results show the importance of combining both FA and MK in obtaining a satisfactory fresh and mechanical properties of FRCC. Models were suggested to elucidate the role of the studied factors and a method for optimization was proposed.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2001

What find the motive of new design from Korean traditional cultural inheritance and symbolize it visually is to create a new design of Korean style into the harmony of shape and aesthetics by harmonizing past design and modern one, to discover the value of the future, and to make a new traditional culture. This study is to find the motive of design from Korean traditional pattern and character of the twelve horary signs, to develop unique Korean style character by studying character to cause novel and refined sense and interest through the mix of traditional image and modern one, and to propose a plan to apply in various and practice the Korean style character to modern design. In addition, the purpose of this study is to discover the identity of Korean style from foreign culture by presenting identity and originality with our peculiar cultural elements as well as to develop the visual effect and character of traditional pattern, and to have national competitiveness with Korean style design from the world market of the future.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2018

This research focuses on the development of upcycled denim fashion designs, whichis a more specific category within general upcycled fashion design. Characteristics of upcycled fashion design, which has been identified previously by researchers, include the following traits: environmentality, uniqueness, aesthetic appeal, availability, convertibility, and deconstructivity. The expression principles include recycling, substitution, recombination, and reduction. The result of the analysis of the denim fashion design characteristics, which is based on the theoretical analysis, has found. The external expression pattern consists of the deconstruction and reconstitution of materials, the avant-garde style and convertibility, the ability to mix and match materials and techniques, the production of zero waste, and the use of layering. The expression techniques used included decomposition, depaysement, weaving, cut-off, collage, assemblage, overlapping, connecting, attaching, and stitching. The inner meanings were identified as economicality through recycling, convertibility through rearranging, and the rarity and value of hand-made products. The result of the research applying the identified characteristics are as follows. First, developing and creating designs using modified denim and sub-materials with various expression patterns and techniques could provide completely new images unlike existing denim products. Second, modifying the details while maintaining the basic format of denim clothing could provide unique and new possibilities for upcycled denim fashion design. Third, environment-friendly models with creative designs were developed by recycling used denim materials. This reduced waste and energy while maximizing the use of resources. This study expects contribute to upcycled fashion design research by recognizing the unique characteristics and value of denim material.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.282-290
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• 2013

In this study, the adjustment range of mixture factor with replacement mineral admixture was reviewed to secure the mixture change data of high volume concrete compared to general concrete. When changing the concrete mix to high volume concrete within the universal concrete mixing, the adjustment range of mixture to ensure optimum quality is as follows. Unit-water content is $20{\sim}30kg/m^3$ downward. Fine aggregate ratio dropped by approximately 1% when W/B was reduced by 5%, and it is reduced by approximately 0.12% when there is a 5% increase in the total replacement rate. When the FA replacement rate was increased by 5%, the AE agent was approximately 20% to 30% higher compared with the conventional one. When the FA and BS replacement rate rose by 5%, W/B was reduced by about 1 to 4%.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.701-711
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• 2013

People started to replace natural aggregate with recycled aggregate for a number of years due to disposal problem and certain other potential benefits. Though there are number of drawbacks with use of recycled aggregates like lesser modulus of elasticity, low compressive strength, increase in shrinkage, there are results of earlier studies that use of chemical and mineral admixtures improves the strength and durability of recycled concrete. The use of recycled aggregate from construction and demolition wastes is showing prospective application in construction as alternative to natural aggregates. It conserves lot of natural resources and reduces the space required for the landfill disposal. In the present research work, the effect of recycled aggregate on strength and durability aspects of concrete is studied. Grade of concrete chosen for the present work is M50 (with a characteristic compressive strength of 50 MPa). The recycled aggregates were collected from demolished structure with 20 years of age. Natural Aggregate (NA) was replaced with Recycled Aggregate (RA) in different percentages such as 25, 50 and 100 to understand its effect. The experiments were conducted for different ages of concrete such as 7, 14, 28, 56 days to assess the compressive and tensile strength. Durability characteristics of recycled aggregate concrete were studied with Rapid chloride penetration test (as per ASTMC1202), sorptivity test and acid test to assess resistance against chloride ion penetration, capillary suction and chemical attack respectively. Mix design for 50 MPa gives around 35 MPa after replacing natural aggregate with recycled aggregate in concrete mix and the chloride penetration range also lies in moderate limit. Hence it is understood from the results that replacement of NA with RA is very much possible and will be ecofriendly.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.136-145
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• 1995

A method for lmprovlng strengths of recycled concrete was studied to make use of it in nolmal concrete structures. Recycled conc~ete was prepared by replacing 50% by weight of coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Mix design rnet hod for crushed aggregates was used and specirriens were cured by normal moisture curing method. A plastlciser and a fly ash were added to the mix to improve performance of recycled concrete. Compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, stress-strain relationship, long-term compressive strength and fracture toughness were evaluated and compared with those of rlormal concretes. Recycled concrete showed, in general, lower compressive strength than normal concreks. It also showed lower elastic modulus, lower tensile and flexural strengths, and higher strain under the same stress level. However, by reducing w /c ratio down to 35% using the plasticiser. average compressive strength(${\alpha}_{28}$) of recycled concrete was reached. with slump of $16{\pm}2$cm, to $225kg/cm^2$ or hlgher, which is an acceptable strmgth level for normal structural concrete. I-Iowevei., elastic modulus and strain should be improved further for practical use of recycled concrctc: in normal structure. Fly ash addition in both concretes showed an effect of irnprovilig long term compressive strength and reducing strengths.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.225-238
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• 2013

In this study, a two-layer feed-forward neural network was constructed and applied to determine a mapping associating mix design and testing factors of cement-nano silica (NS)-rice husk ash ternary blended concrete samples with their performance in conductance to the water absorption properties. To generate data for the neural network model (NNM), a total of 174 field cores from 58 different mixes at three ages were tested in the laboratory for each of percentage, velocity and coefficient of water absorption and mix volumetric properties. The significant factors (six items) that affect the permeability properties of ternary blended concrete were identified by experimental studies which were: (1) percentage of cement; (2) content of rice husk ash; (3) percentage of 15 nm of $SiO_2$ particles; (4) content of NS particles with average size of 80 nm; (5) effect of curing medium and (6) curing time. The mentioned significant factors were then used to define the domain of a neural network which was trained based on the Levenberg-Marquardt back propagation algorithm using Matlab software. Excellent agreement was observed between simulation and laboratory data. It is believed that the novel developed NNM with three outputs will be a useful tool in the study of the permeability properties of ternary blended concrete and its maintenance.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.3939-3943
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• 2016

Background: According to recent statistics, the breast cancer rate is growing fast in developing countries. In North West of Iran, the incidence of breast cancer after esophageal and gastric cancers has the highest rate. Previous studies have also indicated that women in this region show reluctance to do breast cancer screening. There is a great need for change to promote breast cancer screening among women. Social marketing is a discipline that uses the systematic application of commercial marketing techniques to promote the adoption of behavior by the target audience. Materials and Methods: In the present qualitative study, thirty-two women with breast cancer were interviewed about their experiences of breast cancer screening. A semi-structured interview guide was designed to elicit information specific to the 4 P's in social marketing. Results: Three main categories emerged from the analysis: price, service and promotion. Subcategories related to these main categories included factors effective in increasing and decreasing cost of screening, current and desirable features of screening services, and weakness of promotion. Conclusions: Screening programs should be designed to be of low cost, to meet patients' needs and should be provided in suitable places. Furthermore, it is essential that the cultural beliefs of society be improved through education. It seems necessary to design an executive protocol for breast cancer screening at different levels of primary health care to increase the women's willingness to undergo screening.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.8 no.1 s.14
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• pp.79-85
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• 2004

In this paper, Sub harmonic mixer using anti-parallel diode pair is designed for 5.8 GHz Wireless LAN. Conventional mixers mix LO with RF and obtain IF signal from the difference between LO and RF. As frequency increase, LO signal is required increasing LO power, better phase noise, stable LO. But, using APDP, the SHP mixer mix the harmonics of LO signal. Therefore, Sub harmonic mixer is advantage that necessary LO signal frequency was used to operate the 1/2. When LO power is 3 dBm, the conversion loss of manufactured SHP mixer is 12.83 dB. The isolation of LO/IF, 2LO/IF, RF/IF and LO/RF is 39.17 dB, 58 dB, 34 dB, 67.9 dB. And IIP3 is 8 dBm.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.189-197
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• 2003

The treatment and hauling of surplus soils which occur from construction activity are costly and have been demanding a reasonable recycling method. This study presents laboratory test results regarding the mechanistic properties of asphalt stabilized soils. The foamed asphalt equipment which generates the asphalt bubble was used to mix the soil. The marshall stability, indirect tensile test, resilient modulus, creep test and triaxial test(UU) were conducted to find out the performance of the asphalt stabilized soil. The test results were compared with the samples that fabricated in different conditions(the samples without asphalt and the reinforced samples using 2% cement). The inclusion of the asphalt in the soil has improved the marshall stability, resilient modulus and moisture susceptibility, and the addition of the 2% cement has even more increased these properties. The amount of the fines and the optimum moisture contents for mixing affects the mechanistic properties and important parameters for mix design.