• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.92-99
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• 1980

From 1958 up to the end of April 1980, during the period of 12 years 1640 cardiac surgery cases including 1069 open heart surgery and 304 valve replacement cases, were operated in this Department. There were 1070 congenital anomaly and 570 acquired disease cases. In 1070 congenital anomaly cases 673 acyanotic and 397 cyanotic anomaly patients were noted. In acquired diseases 94 pericardial and 456 valvular cases were found. Among 456 valve cases 189 mitral stenosis, 133 mitral insufficiency, 30 aortic valve lesion, 97 double valve, and 7 triple valve lesion patients were noted. Among 304 valve replacement cases 209 mitral, 34 aortic, 5 tricuspid, 34 aortic with mitral, 20 mitral with tricuspid, and 2 triple valves were replaced. Annual increase `of open heart surgery cases and decrease of operative deaths were remarkable in recent years. In recent years Shiley** oxygenator in pump-oxygenator set up and Ionescu** bovine pericardial xenograft bioprosthesis were used for valve replacement mainly.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.213-226
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• 1978

One hundred cases of open heart surgery were done at this Department in 1977. There were 65 congenital anomaly and 35 acquired diseases. Out of 65 cases of congenital malformation 35 acyanotic and 30 cyanotic cases were found. Fifteen cases of ventricular septal defect and 29 tetralogy of Fallot were noted eight patients expired out of 65 congenital anomaly [12.3%] , 4 out of 35 acyanotic [11. 4%] and 4 among 30 cyanotic anomaly[13.3%]. Among 35 cases of acquired heart disease 3 atrial myxoma [2 left and one right] and 32 valvular lesions were noted. In two cases open mitral commissurotomy, and in 30 valve replacement were done. Twenty-two single valve and 8 double valve replacement were done. Seven patients expired out of 30 patients [23.3%]. Among 22 single valve replacement cases 2 and among 8 double valve 5 died. ~ In eighteen mitral valve replacement cases 2 deaths occurred. One mitral insufficiency patient who expired suffered from severe pulmonary` hypertension [PA=120/67mmHg], tricuspid insufficiency and a large ventricular septal defect. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement, tricuspid annuloplasty and patch closure of ventricular septal defect. Over all mortality rate for 100 open heart surgery cases was 15%. Since 1977 open heart surgery cases were done routinely in this institution and cases are increasing rapidly. With present rapid improvement of economical status and introduction of medical insurance system, open heart surgery will be firmly established in Korea in the very near future.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.422-434
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• 1980

Since 1968 up to the end of October 1980, 448 valves were replaced in 354 patients in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 238 mitral, 38 aortic, 7 tricuspid, 45 aortic with mitral, 23 tricuspid with mitral, and 3 triple valve replacement aortic mitral and tricuspid cases. Annual increase of mitral valve replacement cases and decrease of operative maortality were remarkable. Recently operative mortality of mitral valve replacement is about 5%. Sex ratio of mitral valve replacement is almost equal and there were 12 cases of pediatric patients (5%) among 238 cases, and patients under the age of 20 years were 34 (14.3%). Mitral valve replacement was done for 199 single mitral, 38 double valve and one triple valve lesions. Among 238 mitral valve replacement paients left atrial thrombus in 23(9.7%), atrial fibrillation in 132 (55.5%), and reoperation after blind mitral commissurotomy in 12(5%) cases were noted. In recent cases bioprosthetic valves, mainly lonescu-shiley valve were utilized to overcome the difficulties of postoperative late complications in anticoagnuation, especially for the rural patients and pediatric cases, in addition to the hemodynamic advantages of lonesocu valve. Among 354 patients 16 cases were congenital heart anomaly related, 5 ventricular septal defect related aortic and 4 Ebstein related tribuspid valve replacement cases. There were 2 congenital anomaly related mitral valve replacements, one for congenital mitral insufficiency of 7 years old boy and one for corrected transposition of the great vessels associated with mitral insufficiency. Among total 354 valve replacements 49 operative deaths (13.3%) were noted and in 238 mitral valve replacement 24 operative deaths occurred (10.1%). In 39 patients among 354 total valve replacements late complications were found. In 238 mitral valve replacement cases late complications were noted in 26 patients, among whom 16 cases expired. Main late complications were thrombe-embolism, subacute becteerial endocarditis, arrythmia cerebral hemorrhage due to unsatisfactory anticoagulation, and congestive heart failure in the incipient period of valve replacement were also noted. In mitral valve replacement cases long-term survival rate was 83.2% who showed marked clinical improvement. Ther were no evidences of calcification during the 2 years follow-up period for the lonescu-valve replacement cases among 19 pediatric patients. In conclusion 238 cases of mitral valve replacement were done with 24 operative deaths and 26 late complication cases among whom 16 expired. The long term survival was 83.2% of the cases. In pediatric cases in place of coumadin anticoagulation Persantin **** 75 and aspirin were administered after valve replacement. In adult cases who have difficulaties with coumadin anticoagulation and for those even with bioprosthetic heart valve replacement who needs long-term or permanent anticoagulation persantin 75 and aspirin combination regimen were administered with antisfactory results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.281-295
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• 1978

Last year in this department 100 cases of open heart surgery were done annually. This year 200 cases of open heart surgery were scheduled. During the first 6 months of this year 112 open heart surgery cases were done with 13 deaths [11.6%]. There were 72 cases of cougenital malformation with 9 operative deaths [12.5%], consisting of 23 acyanotic cases with one death [4.5%] and 49 cases of cyanotic cases with 8 deaths [16.3%]. Out of 40 tetralogy of Fallot, 6 cases expired [15%]. For 39 cases of acquired valvular heart disease and one Ebstein anomaly valves were replaced with 4 operative deaths [10%]. Single valve replacement in 33 with 3 operative deaths and double valve replacement in 7 cases with one death were noted. Two patients expired among 28 mitral valve replacement cases [7.1%]. Among 7 double valve replacement patients, consisting of 3 mitral and aortic and 4 mitral and tricuspid valve replacement one case expired. In a case of Ebstein anomaly, tricuspid valve was replaced with plication of atrialized right ventricle successfully. The operative result was excellent.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.171-176
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• 1984

Successful correction of the partial form of atrioventricular[AV] canal is now readily achievable. The most challenging technical features of this anomaly are the associated mitral valvular deformity and the frequent inability to obtain mitral competence. Residual mitral incompetence after repair of mitral cleft figures importantly in the causes of early and late failure. So, accurate and complete repair of the mitral valve cleft might be important. Determination of residual severe mitral regurgitation after repair is desirable to permit mitral valve replacement at the time. We have experienced one case of severe mitral regurgitation which was occurred 6 months after repair of partial form of A-V canal [ASD primum] in 22 years old virgin. Pre-op. left ventriculogram revealed severe mitral regurgitation in this patient. We preferred to perform mitral valve replacement with St. Jude valve in this patient at March 1984. Post-op. course was uneventful to now for 5 months and we report this case, review and discuss the literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.399-406
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• 1986

131 cases of open heart surgery were performed in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital in 1985. There were 116 congenital cardiac anomaly and 15 acquired heart diseases. Out of 116 congenital cardiac anomaly, 73 cases of acyanotic group and 43 cases of cyanotic group were noted. In 73 cases of acyanotic group, 17 ASD, 52 VSD and 4 other acyanotic anomaly were noticed. In 43 cases of cyanotic group, 4 Trilogy of Fallot, 34 TOF, 1 Pentalogy, 3 DORV and 1 DCRV were included. Of the 15 acquired valvular heart disease cases, individual incidence was in mitral valve 10, double valve 3, and simple aortic valve 2 cases. Total number of valve replaced was 16, and 13 for mitral, 2 for aortic, and 1 for tricuspid in position, including 1 cases of double valve replacement. Overall operative mortality for 131 cases of open heart surgery was 4.5%, and the operative mortality was 5.5% in congenital acyanotic group, 2.3% in congenital cyanotic group, 0% in TOF group and 6.7% in acquired group.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1980

In 1979 during the period of about 10 months 320 cases of open heart surgery were done in Seoul National University Hospital. There were 220 Congenital anomaly cases consisting of 113 acyanotic and 107 cyanotic varieties, and 1 O0 acquired cardiac lesions. Out of 100 acquired lesions 96 were valvular cues. Among 97 valve replacement cases 3 were Ebstein anomaly treated with plication and tricuspid valve replacement. Operative mortality rate for congenital anomaly was 10.6%, with 2.7% for acyanotic and 22.4% for cyanotic group. For acquired lesions over all operative mortality was 7%. Tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, and atrial septal defect were the 3 main congenital anomalies, with 88 cues, 69 cases, and 27 cues respectively. In 61 simple ventricular septal defect without other anomalies operative mortality rate was 1.6%, in 27 atrial septal defect no death and, in tetralogy of Fallot 12.2%. Among 69 ventricular septal defect cases 19[27.5%] type I VSDs, after Kirklin-Becu classification, were found, rather high relative incidence of type I compared with Caucasian patients. Among 97 valve replacement cases 20 double valves were replaced-11 mitral with aortic and 9 mitral with tricuspid valves. Over all operative mortality rate for valve replacement was 8.2% with 3.3% in 61 mitral valve replace-merit. The over all operative mortality rate for 320 open heart surgery cases was 10.6%. Bubble type oxygenator and xenograft bioprosthetic valves were utilized In almost all cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.234-237
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• 1994

We report a case of double orifice mitral valve complicating a partial atrioventricular septal defect.The preoperative diagnosis was suggested by a characteristic angiographic and echocardiographic findings but the correct diagnosis of double orifice mitral valve itself was proven by open heart surgery. The smaller accessory mitral orifice was located in the left lateral leaflet and was left untouched. The A-V septal defect was closed with Gore-Tex patch and localized tricuspid annuloplasty was done using Gore-Tex tubular graft for correction of severe tricuspid regurgitation. The anterior mitral cleft left intact had mild mitral regurgitation on postoperative echocardiography.Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged 2 weeks later.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 1981

In 1980, 416 cases of open heart surgery were done in this Department with over all operative mortality of 12.3%. 1. There were 288 congenital anomalies consisting of 174 acyanotic and 114 cyanotic varieties, which showed operative mortality of 6.9% and 25.4% respectively. 2. There were 128 cases of acquired lesions, 124 valvular disease and 3 myxoma being the main lesions. 3. There were 128 cases of valve replacement with operative mortality of 7.8%. 4. The most frequently operated anomaly was VSD, 90 pure VSD and 21 cases were associated with one or 2 cardiac anomalies. Over all operative mortality in 111 VSD cases was 8.1% but in 90 pure VSD cases it was 6.7%. 5. Tetralogy of Fallot showed the highest incidence in cyanotic group with 88 cases, consisting of 68 pure and 20 with other cardiac anomalies. Over all mortality in 88 cases was 19.3% but in pure form 16.2%. 6. In 128 valve replacement cases over all mortality was 9.4%. There were 85 mitral, 11 aortic, 2 tricuspid, 21 mitral with aortic, 6 mitral with tricuspid, 3 mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valve replacement cases. For mitral valve replacement operative mortality was 5.9%. 7. Twenty-one cases of babies under 10kg body weight were operated on with over all operative mortality of 28.6%. Sixteen cases of VSD were found with operative mortality of 25%. 8. Among 128 cases of valve replacement 7 were under the age of 15 years and 12 were between 15 and 20 years old. Five pediatric cases underwent mitral valve replacement without mortality, 9 year old boy was the youngest among them. In this Department open heart surgery for infancy and complex anomalies showed still hip operative risk which should be improved in the coming years. For open heart surgery Shiley oxygenators and 2 sets of A-O de-lux 5 head roller pump were utilized exclusively. For valve replacement Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial xenografts were mainly used. In pediatric and rural patients Persantin with aspirin regimen was satisfactorily administered for anticoagulation after valve replacement. Routinely Coumadin was administered for one year after valve replacement* In patients who had thrombus on valve sites, chronic atrial fibrillation, and giant left atrium Persantin-Aspirin regimen was used when one year coumadin administration was discontinued.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2009

배경: 소아에서 승모판막 기형은 드물며 각 기관마다 비교적 작고 제한된 경험들을 가지고 있다. 또한 소아에서는 승모판막 치환술은 성장 후를 고려해야 하는 문제점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 소아에서 승모판막 성형술을 시행한 환자에서의 성적을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년부터 2005년까지 승모판막 성형술을 시행한 총 64명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 수술 당시 평균 연령은 $5.5{\pm}4.7$세였고, 남자는 28명, 여자는 36명이었다. 환자는 승모판막 기형과 동반질환에 따라 두 군으로 나누어 분석하였다. 1군은 승모판막 기형만 있거나, 심방중격결손이나 동맥관 개존증을 동반하고 있는 경우로 34명(53.1%), 2군은 이외 다른 선천성 심기형을 같이 동반하고 있는 경우로 30명(46.9%)이었다. 결과: 수술 후 재원기간 내 전체사망률은 6.3%로, 1군에서 2명(5.9%), 2군에서 3명(10%)으로 각 군간에 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 수술 후 합병증 발생률은 18.8%로, 1군에서 5명(14.7%), 2군에서 7명(23.3%)으로 각 군 간에 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 중간 추적관찰기간은 4.6년이었다(범위 $0.5{\sim}12.2$년). 10년 생존율은 95.3%였고 10명에서 재수술이 필요하였다. 이 중 2명은 잔여 승모판막 폐쇄부전으로 재원기간 중 재수술하였고 10명 중 7명에서 승모판막 치환술을 시행하였다. 10년 무재수술 생존률은 76.1%였다. 육안적 소견에서 가장 많은 기형은 판막륜 확장과 판막 탈출이었고, 성형술은 각 환자에서 평균 $2.1{\pm}1.1$개의 술식이 시행되었다. 수술 직후 재원기간 중 시행한 심초음파 추적결과에서는, 승모판막 폐쇄부전은 의미 있게 개선되었고, 추적 관찰 중 시행한 심초음파 결과에서도 수술 1년, 5년, 10년 후 시행한 심초음파 결과에서 승모판막 역류는 통계학적으로 유의하게 개선되었다. 한편 승모판막 역류로 수술 받은 환자의 32.8%에서 추적 관찰 중 판막 협착의 소견을 보였으며, 수술술식과 판막 협착의 발생 관계도 통계학적으로 유의한 소견을 보였다. 결론: 선천성 승모판막 기형을 가진 환자에서 승모판막 성형술을 시행한 경우 1군과 2군간의 결과에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고, 두 군에서 모두 비교적 양호한 성적을 보였다. 또한 소아에서 승모판막 성형술에 대한 심초음파 결과도 양호함을 객관적으로 증명하였으나, 선천성 승모판막 기형의 수술 후 장기적 경과 관찰에서 발견되는 승모판막 협착이나 역류를 조기에 발견하기 위한 정기적인 경과 관찰이 필요하다.