• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.545-555
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• 2003

It is widely known that compare to many other countries, the U.S.A. has a strong framework for efficient implementation of mitigation policy to protect wetlands. As indicated in many strong mitigation initiatives, mitigation policy primary requires avoidance rule for wetland damage and if a developer inevitability damages wetlands, the development should be minimize, and as a last resort, the policy impose legal duty that a developer should compensate wetland corresponding to the damaged wetlands. However, the legal system fur Korea's mitigation system does not provide any legal duty for the compensatory mitigation, although the possibility of creation of tidal flat is casually expressed in several Korean legal systems. Therefore, without any strong and enforceable legal system, Korean mitigation system cannot efficiently protect Korea's vast and productive wetlands. To introduce mitigation policy similar to the U.S.A. in Korea, we suggest that there (a) should be a strongly policy which regulate legal duty for the compensatory mitigation, (b) should be an improve management system for actively corresponding to special knowledge relating to environment, and lastly, (c) should be a system which consider a class action introduced in environmental regime for a long term protection of tidal wetlands for future generation.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.809-817
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• 2010

온실가스 감축을 위해서는 배출활동을 억제하거나 배출집약도를 개선시키는 다양한 기술의 도입의 개발 보급을 촉진하는 정책의 도입이 필수적이다. 이처럼 온실가스의 저감을 위한 다양한 정부개입을 '기후정책'이라 하는데, 그 이론적 속성과 더불어 각 국가 고유의 상황에 따라 정책의 상대적 유효성이 결정된다. 온실가스 배출분석은 일정 기간에 국가 전체의 온실가스 배출을 전망하고, 이를 기초로 다양한 기후정책의 온실가스 감축효과를 평가하는 과정이다. 배출분석은 국가 온실가스 배출에 대한 기준년도 배출량 산정, 목표 시점까지의 배출추이에 대한 기준 배출량, 그리고 이러한 미래 배출량에 변화를 초래하는 다양한 기후정책 시나리오에 대한 평가 등으로 구성된다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 기후정책의 유형과 그 평가 선택기준을 고찰하는 한편, 우리나라의 온실가스 배출추이와 부문별 감축여건을 분석하였다. 이러한 연구는 우리나라의 국가 온실가스 감축목표 설정 및 기후정책 운용에 있어서 유용한 기반을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.239-258
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• 2011

Space debris mitigation has become an international custom for international space activities. IADC and COPUOS adopted a Guideline on Space Debris Mitigation. Two Guidelines provided that member states or international organization shall establish a national mechanism to mitigate space debris. China has made progress in legislation on space debris mitigation and management system. It establised a fundamental framework on the legislative mechanism on space debris mitigation and managemental mechanism on space debris mitigation. In order to further improve the national mechanism on space debris mitigation, it is essential for China to strenghen legislation on space activities and specify the duties of management administrates.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-114
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• 2002

Legal regimes of major countries actively involved in wetland programs including USA, Japan, Germany, Netherlands, and Denmark, show that these leading nations have developed their own legal regimes and policies for the conservation and restoration of wetlands since early 1990s. The main feature of their position is to preserve, create and restore wetlands, including tidal flats. However, this approach, so called 'mitigation' policy, is thus far, not a fully established policy but an evolving one. For Korea, there are only a few laws and policies which hint at the importance of creating coastal wetlands as a conservation measure, however, most of those systems only exist as vague provisions which lack any tangible and compulsory implementing procedures and technical guidelines. It seems that it is necessary to strengthen the legal measures for conserving coastal wetlands in Korea including specifying economic assessment methods and funding sources for the creation, restoration and rehabilitation of tidal flats to firmly establish a national wetland mitigation policy.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.97-122
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• 2012

이 논문은 온실가스저감정책으로 인해 에너지가격이 상승될 때, 자동차산업의 생산, 고용, 수출 및 소비에 어떠한 영향이 있는지를 실증적으로 분석하고자 한다. 자동차산업의 경우 생산액과 부가가치는 에너지가격 상승에 따른 충격이 유의적이지 않았다. 자동차산업에서 많이 사용하는 전력가격의 상승도 생산과 부가가치에 부정적 영향을 주지만 유의적이지는 않았다. 고용에 대해서는 전력가격이 유의적으로 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 수출 역시 에너지가격이 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나지만 유의적이지는 않았다. 소비의 경우에는 석유가격의 상승이 부정적인 영향을 미치기는 하나 유의적이지는 않았다. 이는 탄소세나 배출권거래제도와 같이 전력가격을 상승시키는 온실가스저감정책은 자동차산업의 고용에 미치는 영향이 부정적임을 시사한다. 특히 자동차산업의 고용 측면에서는 온실가스저감정책에 따른 충격을 완화시키는 정책수단이 추가적으로 요구된다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국방재학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.64-68
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• 2006

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.2-15
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• 2014

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2001

The science and technology of seismic hazard mitigation are increasingly being shared among scientists and policy makers around the world. Administrative expertise is also being shared. While there is still tremendous unevenness in technical and administrative capacities and resources, a global community of emergency managers is developing and there is a globalization of expertise. Hazards are better understood, tools for risk assessment are improving, techniques for hazard mitigation are being perfected, and communities and states are implementing more comprehensive disaster preparedness, response, and recovery programs. Priorities are also emerging and hazard mitigation has emerged as the priority of choice in North America and Europe. An increasingly important component of hazard mitigation is resilience, in terms of increased capacities for disaster mitigation and recovery at the community and even individual levels. Each year, more is known about the locations and natures of seismic hazards, although there are still unknown and poorly understood fault lines and limited understanding of related disasters such as tsunamis and landslides. More is known about the impact of earthquakes on the built environment, although nature still provides surprises to confound man's best extorts to reduce risk. More is known about human nature and how people respond to uncertain risk and when confronted by certain catastrophe. However, despite the increased understanding of seismic phenomena and how to protect people and property, there is much that needs to be done to reduce the risk, particularly in major metropolitan areas.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-117
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• 2019

How is science advice integrated in environmental policymaking? This is an increasingly pertinent question that is being raised since the nuclear catastrophe of Fukushima, Japan, in 2011. Global re-evaluation of energy policies and climate mitigation measures include discussions on how to better integrate science advice in policymaking, and at the same time keeping science independent from political influence. This paper addressed the policy discourse of setting up a national CO2 reduction target in Japanese policymaking between 2009 and 2012. The target proposed by the former DPJ government was turned down, and Japan lacked a clear strategy for long-term climate mitigation. The analysis provides explanations from a quantitative actor-network perspective. Centrality measures from social network analysis for policy actors in an environmental policy network of Japan were calculated to identify those actors that control the discourse. Data used for analysis comes from the Global Environmental Policy Actor Network 2 (GEPON 2) survey conducted in Japan (2012-13). Science advice in Japan was kept independent from political influence and was mostly excluded from policymaking. One of the two largest discourse coalitions in the environmental policy network promoted a higher CO2 reduction target for international negotiations but favored lowering the target after a new international agreement would have been set. This may explain why Japan struggled to commit to long-term mitigation strategies. Applying social network analysis to quantitatively calculate discourse coalitions was a feasible methodology for investigating "discursive power." But limited in discussing the "practice" (e.g. meetings, telephone, or email conversations) among the actors in discourse coalitions.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2017

자연침해조정제도는 개발사업에 따른 자연생태와 경관 침해를 가능한 피하거나 저감하고, 발생할 훼손 정도를 평가하여 구체적인 복원 또는 대체 방법을 강구하도록 하는 취지로 독일에서 처음 소개된 것으로 국토의 과도한 개발을 막고 지속가능한 국토관리를 위한 국토-환경계획 연동제를 효율적으로 운영할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 과천시 주암동을 사례지역으로 도시생태현황지도를 활용하여 독일 자연침해조정 (Eingriffsregelung) 제도를 국내 실정에 맞게 수정, 보완하여 적용했다. 비오톱지도, 경관지도, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) 지도를 중첩 분석하여 개발사업으로 인해 훼손이 가능한 지역 중에서 비교적 생태환경적 가치가 뛰어난 지역을 도출하고 보존할 수 있는 방안을 제시했다. 도시생태현황지도의 활용을 통한 자연침해조정 제도는 국토개발에서 필연적으로 발생할 수밖에 없는 훼손의 정도를 최소화하고, 계획단계에서부터 관리할 수 있는 국토-환경정책의 정책적 연결고리로의 활용 가능함을 확인했다.