• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Reciprocal hybrids between the mud loach ($Misgurnus$ $mizolepis$) and cyprinid loach ($M.$ $anguillicaudatus$) were produced by artificial fertilization. The chromosome number of mud loach was 2n=48, consisting of 12M+4SM+32A chromosomes. The cyprinid loach has 2n=50, consisting of 10M+4SM+36A chromosomes. The chromosome numbers of the diploid reciprocal hybrids were 2n=49, consisting of 11M+4SM+34A chromosomes. All the karyotypes documented in this study had the same arm number of 64. There was no evidence of chromosomal polymorphisms or sex-related heteromorphism. The cytogenetic traits of the hybrid genotypes were intermediate between those of the parent species. In all genotypes, the chromosomal NORs localized to the terminal short arms of the same metacentric chromosome pair. These results suggest that Robertsonian translocation occurred between metacentric chromosome 1 of mud loach and acrocentric chromosome of cyprinid loach.

• Solar Energy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.94-106
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• 1992

The optimum water temperature was maintained for Misgurnus anguillicaudatus(CANTOR) in winter season by solar thermal heating. The optimum temperature ranges for the Misgurnus anguillicaudatus(CANTOR) were experimentally estimated, i.e. for the body length $7{\sim}9cm$ and body weight $4{\sim}6g$, the optimum temperature range was $21{\sim}23^{\circ}C$. For the body length $9{\sim}11cm$ and body weight $6{\sim}8g$, it was $23{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, And for the body length $11{\sim}13cm$ and body weight $8{\sim}10g$, it was $25{\sim}27^{\circ}C$. The Misgurnus anguillicaudaus(CATOR) with the body weight $5{\sim}10g$ and body length $8{\sim}15cm$ grew relativeiy fast but the bigger ones with body weight above 15g, grew relatively slow and total average weight increment was about $50{\sim}80g$ per month.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.371-376
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• 2013

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for the growth of juvenile muddy loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Eight experimental diets (designated as P20L7, P20L14, P30L7, P30L14, P40L7, P40L14, P50L7 and P50L14) were formulated to contain 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% protein with 7% and 14% lipid. Three replicate groups of muddy loach (1.5 g/fish) were fed one of the experimental diets ad libitum for 8 weeks. Survival of fish fed the P20L14 diet was lower than in other groups (P<0.05). Specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) of fish were affected by dietary protein (P<0.05) and lipid (P<0.005) levels. SGR and FE of fish tended to decrease with increasing dietary lipid level at the same protein level. There were no significant differences in SGR and FE among fish fed diets containing different protein levels ranging from 30% to 50% with the same lipid level. Whole body moisture and lipid contents were affected by dietary protein and lipid levels. Crude lipid content of fish fed the 14% lipid diets was higher than that of fish fed 7% lipid diets at each protein level. The results of this study indicate that a diet containing 30% protein with 7% lipid would be suitable for the optimum growth and effective feed utilization of juvenile muddy loach.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 2008

The histological morphology on the skin of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was described in the three regions such as dorsal, lateral, occiput and subsequently morphological variations of the skin were monthly observed for a year. The skin consisted of epidermis having epithelial cell, club cell and mucus cell, and dermis of mainly connective tissue fiber, embedded scale and blood capillary. Unicellular mucus cells situated at the epidermis underwent seasonal change in its size, as well as number and amounts of mucus-secreting materials, which they greatly increased in winter, but did not in summer. As it is getting cold, the mucus cells' shape changed from initial spherical to oval or elongated form. Such considerable changes in the mucus cell were particularly most evident in the occiput during winter. Moreover, the dermis largely thickened about 2~3 times in winter than in summer. Based on these results, we discussed function for the mucus on what it mainly acts in nature and information on whether mucus cells' seasonal variations affect on hibernation and cutaneous respiration.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1993

A tetraploid cyprinid loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was induced by applying heat shock. The efficiency of inductions changed with the time of initiation of treatment and the duration of treatment. The highest incidence of tetraploid was obtained at the treatment of $41^{\circ}C$ for 3 min, 28 min after fertilization. Ploidy level was estimated by kariological examination and flow cytometric analysis. The tetraploid cyprinid loach had 4n = 100 chromosomes, while the diploid had 2n = 50. The erythrocytic volume of the tetraploid was 1.65 times larger than that of the diploid. The DNA content of the tetraploid and diploid showed 6.547 pg/cell and 3.067 pg/cell, respectively.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2000

Monogeneans(Phylum Platyhelminthes) have been known as common parasites onto the skin and gills of cultured freshwater fishes. Infestation with these parasites result in a great loss in aquaculture industry. Some classification studies on these parasites have mostly been conducted in Japan but rarely in Korea. For the purpose of classifying monogenean parasites infesting two Korean freshwater fishes, carp(Cyprinus carpio) and loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), samples captured from March 1998 to April 2000 were examined. Here we report that three different species of Monogeneans, Diplozoon nipponicum, Dactylogyrus extensus from carp and Gyrodactylus paralatus from loach, respectively. Of these the latter two parasites have never been identified in Korea.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.363-371
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• 1997

Backcross hybridization between female cyprinid loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) any male mud loach (M. mizolepis)$\times$cyjprinid loach hybrid were made, and its effect on early survival, cytogenetic traits, and gonad development were examined. Mean fertilization rate and hatching success of backcross hybrids were similar to those found in the maternal species, the cyprinid loach. However, the backcross hybrids revealed significantly improved early survival up to yolk sac absorption (86.0%) compared to cyprinid loach (0%) under low culture temperature ($15^{\circ}C$). the erythrocytic size and DNA content of backcross hybrids were nearly intermediate to those of the parents. Karyological analysis of backcross hybrids displayed two kinds of modal chromosome number of 2n=48 or 2n=49. Growth of backcross hybrids over 6 months after hatching was proven to be intermediate between their parental species. Although backcross hybrids had intermediate values between those of thier parents in most morphometric traits, overall external morphology of backcross hybrids was morer simlar to cyprinid loach than mud loach$\times$cyprinid loach hybrid. Histological examination of gonads at 2 and 4 months of age revealed that no female was obseved in backcross hybrid groups, suggesting the possibility of production of monosex male population.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.617-620
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• 1993

To Study an ichthyotoxicity of Zanthoxylum piperitum DC (Chopi) against fish(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), the bark of Chopi was extracted with water, methanol and chloroform. The ichthyotoxicities of each extract were found in order of MeOH extract, $H_2O$ extract, dried-powder of Chopi and $CHCI_3$ extract. The active compound was isolated from the MeOH extract by silica gel column chromatography, HPLC and recrystalization, successively, and it was identified to be L-asarinin by the comparison of UV, GC-Mass and LC-Mass data.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.105-107
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• 1972

The effects of copper and salt on the hemoglobin patterns of Carassius carassius, Ophicephalus argus, and Misgurnus anguillicaudatus were investigated by vertical starch gel electrophoresis. The number of the hemoglobin band of normal C. cararsius on the anode was one, and that of O. argus was two; neither the number of the homoglobin bands of the fishes nor the mobility of them was affected by copper or salt. The hemoglobin mobility of O. argus was faster than those of C. carassius and M. anguillicaudatus. Normal M. anguillicaudatus had two hemoglobin bands with nearly identical mobilities, one band migrating anodically and the other cathodically. When M. anguillicaudatus was exposed to copper, the mobility of band on the anode was faster than those of the other groups of control and exposed to salt, whereas the hemoglobin band on the cathode was not affected.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2014

We designed a 16-week feeding experiment to test the effects of dietary supplementation with distillers' dried grain (DDG) on the growth, feed utilization, and body composition of juvenile muddy loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Seven isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated to contain 0% DDG (Control); 10%, 20%, and 30 % DDG from rice (diets RM10, RM20 and RM30); and 10%, 20%, and 30% DDG from rice and wheat flour (diets RWM10, RWM20 and RWM30), respectively. Three replicate groups of juvenile muddy loach averaging $1.5{\pm}0.10$ g were fed one of the diets to satiation twice daily. Survival of juvenile muddy loach fed the RWM20 and RWM30 diets was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), while weight gain tended to decrease when fish were fed diets containing DDG. Weight gain of fish fed the RWM10 diet was greater than that of fish fed other diets, but the RM30 diet resulted in less weight gain than did the control (P<0.05). The feed and protein efficiency ratios of fish fed the RM10, RM20, RM30, RWM10, RWM20 and RWM30 diets were all similar to the control (P>0.05). Neither daily feed intake nor proximate composition of the whole body was affected by dietary DDG (P>0.05). The compositions of isoleucine, leucine, lysine, threonine, and valine were all elevated in fish fed the RM30, RWM10, RWM20 and RWM30 diets relative to those of other groups (P<0.05). In contrast, methionine + cystine and phenylalanine + tyrosine were all lower in fish fed the RM30, RWM10, RWM20 and RWM30 diets, as compared to those of other groups (P<0.05). Our results suggest that DDG is suitable as a partial replacement for soybean meal and wheat flour, and could be used at a rate of up to 20% for rice, or 30% for rice and wheat flour, for optimum growth performance of juvenile muddy loach.