• 한국노년학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.473-486
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• 2007

본 연구는 노인층 생계비에 관해 충분한 연구가 이루어져 있지 못한 상황에서 여러 생계비 측정방식중 반물량방식과 통계분석방식을 적용하여 노인 가계를 위한 생계비 측정방식의 다양화를 제안하는데 초점을 맞추고 있다. 따라서 생계비산정방식을 반물량방식과 통계분석방식을 통해 산정하였으며 이를 다른 연구와 비교함으로써 앞으로 생계비 산정방식의 다양화를 제안하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째 반물량 방식에 의한 2006년 노인부부가계의 최저생계비는 566,478원이고 노인독신가계 중 남자는 306,210원, 여자는 260,276원으로 나타났다. 둘째, 통계분석방식에 의하면 노인부부가계의 경우 생계비 1방식에서는 최저생계비가 860,043원, 표준생계비 1,018,669원, 유락생계비 1,287,555원으로 나타났다. 그리고 생계비 2방식에서는 694,916원, 표준생계비 1,037,779원, 유락생계비 1,556,551원으로 나타났다. 이는 모두 귀속임대료를 포함시킨 것이지만 귀속임대료를 제외한 생계비는 최저생계비 435,416원, 표준생계비 548,250원, 유락생계비 699,844원으로 나타났다. 여기에서 반물량방식의 최저생계비는 유사 상대 표준선의 최저생계비와 귀속임대료를 제외한 최저생계비 사이인 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 산정된 노인생계비를 정부 공식 생계비와 정영숙의 생계비 산정방식과 비교한 결과 주거비를 포함할 경우 생계비1방식에 의해서는 전반적으로 낮게 나타났으며, 주거비를 제외할 경우에 비해서는 모두 높게 나타났다. 또한 생계비 2방식에 의한 최저생계비와는 유사하게 나타났다. 그러나 본 연구를 통해 여러 방식의 생계비 산정을 시도하였지만 산정된 생계비 결과가 아직까지 일관성이 있다고 판단하기는 어려웠다. 이는 노인을 대상으로 한 절대적 생계비 산정방식인 전물량방식의 생계비 산정이 아주 필요하다는 점을 나타낸 결과라 하겠다. 이에 절대적 산정방식, 특히 전물량방식의 생계비 산정이 이루어지기 전에 다른 생계비 산정 결과에 대한 해석이 제한되기 때문에 좀 더 다양한 방식의 산정방식을 활용하여 체계적이고 종합적인 노인 생계비가 산정되고 제안되어야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2005

This study tries to develop the models of measuring the level of product availability accommodated for features of specific customers dividing customers into VIP customers and general customers. Functions of costs that the models are composed of are cost of holding safety stock and cost of lost opportunities. The existing model of measuring the level of product availability which focused on cost of holding safety stock for VIP customers should be reinforced by considering cost of lost opportunities caused by general customers' quitting trades with a company. This study tries to present realistic solutions for problems in making decisions related to the total inventory. This study concludes that the model of the level of product availability meeting general customers' needs is more efficient according to increasing of a latent demand of the general customers who quit trades with a company and the cost of lost opportunities.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.387-393
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• 2001

Installing vibration control devices in the structure rises as a solution instead of increasing structural strength considering construction cost. Especially, viscoelastic dampers show excellent vibration control performance at low cost and are easy to install in existing structures compared with other control devices. Therefore, cost-effectiveness of structure with viscoelastic dampers needs to be evaluated. Previous cost-effectiveness evaluation method for the seismically isolated structure(Koh et al., 1999;2000)is applied on the building structure with viscoelastic dampers, which combines optimal design and cost-effectiveness evaluation for seismically isolated structures based on minimum life-cycle cost concept. Input ground motion is modeled in the form of spectral density function to take into account acceleration and site coefficients. Damping of the viscoelastic damper is considered by modal strain energy method. Stiffness of shear building and shear area of viscoelastic damper are adopted as design variables for optimization. For the estimation of failure probability, transfer function of the structure with viscoelastic damper for spectral analysis is derived from the equation of motion. Results reveal that cost-effectiveness of the structure with viscoelastic dampers is relatively high in how seismic region and stiff soil condition.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1132-1140
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• 2007

As it recently appears that Life Cycle Cost Analysis may be considered as new methodology for economic valuation of infrastructure many researches have been made to assess LCC(Life Cycle Cost) of each facility based on a reasonable methods. In general, LCC is composed of construction cost and expected maintenance repair cost. And especially, maintenance repair cost must be estimated to enhance the reliability through systematic and reasonable methods. However in Korea, because high speed railway steel bridges are recently constructed no direct statistical data are available for the account of the maintenance cost and then their maintenance characteristics are not linear yet. Therefore, the approach proposed in the paper utilizes a theoretical determination and degradation of the corrosion and fatigue of the bridges based on Rahgozar et al.(2006)'s model on fatigue notch factor considering into the corrosion to incorporate the corrosion effect into the fatigue strength reduction model. And then, the corresponding probability of failure is calculated in terms of the reliability index using S-N curve to formulate the fatigue limit state. Therefore, this paper proposes the minimum Life Cycle Cost through optimum maintenance plan analysis of high-speed railway steel bridges under construction. Finally, this paper reviews the proposed model in oder to confirm the applicability and feasibility by appling it to high speed railway steel bridges under construction

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2012

Recently, the breakdown of online banking servers and the leakage of customer information give rise to much concern about the security of information systems in financial and banking companies in Korea. The enforcement of security for information system becomes much more important issue than earlier. However, the security reinforcement of information system is restricted by a budget. In addition, the activities' cost to secure information system from threatening are under uncertain circumstances and should be established by a human decision maker who is basically uncertain and vague. Thus, making the budget for information system is exposed to any extent of the risk for these reasons. First, we introduce brief fuzzy set theory and fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology. Then, the cost elements that comprise yearly budget are presented and the priorities among the cost elements are calculated by fuzzy AHP. The cost elements that are exposed to risk are evaluated from the both perspectives of the risk impact and risk occurrence possibility which are expressed as linguistic terms. To get information on the risk profiles-pessimistic, most likely, and optimistic-for each cost element, the evaluation is accomplished and the result is presented. At last, the budget ranges-minimum, mode, maximum-for each cost element are estimated with the consideration of the risk profiles.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.475-478
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• 2013

To carry out a one-off construction project successfully, effective and accurate early cost estimation is crucial, especially during the conceptual stage where very limited minimum information of construction project is given. As the level of accuracy of the early cost estimation has huge impacts on precise budgeting and cost management of a project, in other words, reducing the risk of a project, cost must be managed with special awareness. In an effort to improve the estimate accuracy of cost during the conceptual stage, this research introduces a Parameter Impact (PI) which can quantify weights of parameters and rank them; and PI development derived from the principle of impulse in physics is explicated. For a case study, 76 public apartment building cases in Korea are analyzed. To examine the validity of the proposed PI, a validation in terms of CBR applicability test and estimate accuracy comparisons using 10-nearest neighbor cases are carried out. The validation results support that the suggested PI can be applied in quantifying the weights of the parameters and CBR method for early cost estimation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.3030-3049
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• 2023

With the development and wide application of hybrid network computing modes like cloud computing, edge computing and fog computing, the customer service requests and the collaborative optimization of various computing resources face huge challenges. Considering the characteristics of network environment resources, the optimized deployment of service resources is a feasible solution. So, in this paper, the optimal goals for deploying service resources are customer experience and service cost. The focus is on the system impact of deploying services on load, fault tolerance, service cost, and quality of service (QoS). Therefore, the alternate node filtering algorithm (ANF) and the adjustment factor of cost matrix are proposed in this paper to enhance the system service performance without changing the minimum total service cost, and corresponding theoretical proof has been provided. In addition, for improving the fault tolerance of system, the alternate node preference factor and algorithm (ANP) are presented, which can effectively reduce the probability of data copy loss, based on which an improved cost-efficient replica deployment strategy named ICERD is given. Finally, by simulating the random occurrence of cloud node failures in the experiments and comparing the ICERD strategy with representative strategies, it has been validated that the ICERD strategy proposed in this paper not only effectively reduces customer access latency, meets customers' QoS requests, and improves system service quality, but also maintains the load balancing of the entire system, reduces service cost, enhances system fault tolerance, which further confirm the effectiveness and reliability of the ICERD strategy.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 직립 방파제 케이슨의 활동에 따른 복구비용, 과도한 케이슨 활동 발생시 항만 폐쇄에 따른 경제적 피해 비용 그리고 월파에 의한 일시적 작업 중단에 따른 경제적 피해 비용을 동시에 고려하는 기대 총 건설비 산정 모델을 수립하였다. 발생시점이 서로 다른 피해 비용을 일정한 기준으로 산정하기 위해 할인율을 적용하였다. 케이슨의 최적 단면은 방파제 수명 동안의 기대 활동량의 허용범위 내에서 기대 총 건설비용이 최소가 되는 단면으로 정의되며, 그 기대 활동량의 허용치는 0.3 m와 0.1 m 두 가지 경우에 대해 살펴보았다. 과도한 케이슨 활동에 의한 항만 폐쇄에 따른 경제적 피해 비용과 그 산정 기준이 케이슨 복구비용이나 월파에 의한 작업 중단에 따른 경제적 피해 비용보다 최적 단면 결정에 더 중요한 요인임을 확인하였고, 항만 폐쇄에 대한 케이슨 활동량의 임계 칼이 커질수록 케이슨의 최적 단면은 기대 총 건설비의 최소점보다 기대 활동량의 허용치에 의해 결정되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2007

In this study, we consider the minimum ADM problem which is the fundamental problem for the cost-effective design of SONET ADM embedded in WDM ring networks. To minimize the number of SONET ADMs, efficient algorithms for the routing and wavelength assignment are needed. We propose a mathematical model based on the graph theory for the problem and propose a branch-and-price approach to solve the suggested model effectively within reasonable time. By exploiting the mathematical structure of ring networks, we developed polynomial time algorithms for column generation subroutine at branch-and-bound tree. In a computer simulation study, the suggested approach can find the optimal solution for sufficient size networks and shows better performance than the greedy heuristic method.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 창립총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.41-45
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• 2000

Geotube is made of permeable but soil-tight geotextile, hydraulically filled with soil include dredged sand and mud, which has been successfully applied in hydraulic and coastal engineering projects. Ceotube method is getting popular and being used a lot in many countries of the world because of the simplicity of the placement and construction, cost effectiveness and minimum impact on the environment, and enable to store & isolate contaminated materials as obtained by harbor dredging. Laboratory tests and field construction were performed to determine the design methodology and construction procedures. From the results of laboratory and field construction, the retention ratio of solid particle is a minimum 86%. The minimum permeability and the tensile strength of geotextile are $\alpha$ x 10$^{-4}$ cm/sec and 20t/m, respectively Also, based on the environmental test results, it can be concluded that this method does meet the Korean EPA standards.