• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.967-973
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• 2000

A metabolism trial was conducted with 28 Najdi rams allocated into seven dietary groups to evaluate the effect of dietary inclusion of Salicornia bigelovii Torr biomass on nutrient digestibility, rumina I fluid metabolites and nitrogen and mineral balances. Either the stems (ST) or spikes (SP) of this seawater-irrigated halophyte were incorporated into complete diets at rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30% levels, replacing equal amounts of rhodesgrass hay in a ground mixed control diet. Digestibility of DM, OM, EE, NFE and fecal and urinary nitrogen were not affected by increased level of ST in the diet. As level of ST increased from 0 to 20% in the diets, CP digestibility and nitrogen retention approached their maximum (p<0.01), whereas CF digestibility reached its minimum (p<0.01). On the other hand, except for EE, digestion of all nutrients and nitrogen retention were linearly depressed (p<0.01) as SP increased in the diets from 10 to 30% level. Concentration of ammonia-N, total VFA and pH values in the rumen fluid were lower (p<0.01) with the ST- or SP-fed diets than with the control diet. Increasing level of ST or SP in the diet was associated with an increase (p<0.01) in the proportion of acetate and a decline (p<0.01) in molar percentage of propionate in the ruminal fluid. Sodium absorption increased (p<0.01) with increased ST and SP in the diets up to the 10 and 20% level, respectively, followed by constant absorption values up to the 30% level. When the level of ST in the diet gradually increased to 30%, a concomitant increased (p<0:01) in Ca and P absorption were obvious; whereas, increased level of SP in the diets from 0 to 30% resulted in noticeable (p<0.01) depression in Ca and P apparent absorption.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1997

Appropriation of partial substitution of concentrate mixture by urea-molasses-mineral block (UMMB) lick supplements for 20 lactating crossbred cows in 2nd and 3nd lactation was studied. Animals fed on wheat straw ad lib. and Berseem (Trifolium alaxandrium) fodder @ 1.5 kg/d on dry matter basis. Animals of control group were given concentrate supplement, while in treatment groups 10% of the concentrate requirement was substituted with 3 different types of UMMB lick type A ($T_1$), type B ($T_2$) and type C ($T_3$). CP content of the ration was 15%. Total dry matter intake (DMI) was about 1.0 kg/kg of fat corrected milk (FCM) yield and was not significantly different between control and treatment groups. Digestibility of neither proximate principles nor cell wall constituents were deviated on UMMB licks partial supplementation. FCM yield was increased by 140, 410 and 460 g/d, in $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively, in comparison to control group but differences were statistically invalid. Though fat per cent was reduced, fat yields were remain constant among treatments. Milk composition was unaltered except significant difference (p < 0.01) in non-protein nitrogen (NPN) content. Gross-N and digestible-N conversion was significantly higher (p < 0.01) with $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ than control group. Energy utilization efficiency for milk production was only 36%. Result demonstrated that UMMB licks could be partial supplemented up to 10% of the concentrate requirement of crossbred cows yielding on an average 14kg/d without any adverse effect on feed intake, nutrient utilization and mild production. Comparatively, UMMB lick type B and C was proved better than type A and also economically viable.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.398-403
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• 2013

위생적인 후발효차를 제조하기 위하여 B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae 및 L. bulgaricus를 녹차에 각각 접종하고, 발효기간별로 발효시키면서 제조한 후발효차의 영양성분 및 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 후발효차에서 검출된 무기질로는 Ca, Fe, Zn, Mg, Mn으로 5종의 무기질이 검출되었으며, 그 중 Ca와 Mg는 비교적 다른 무기질에 비하여 많은 함량을 나타내었다. 총 아미노산 함량은 대조군은 3.57%이었으며, 발효 20일차에서는 모든 발효차에서 대조군보다는 높은 총 아미노산 함량(3.68~3.85%)을 보였다. 금속이온 제거능에서는 대조군은 55.11%였으며, 세 균주간 금속이온 제거능의 차이는 전반적으로 B. subtilis > L. bulgaricus > S. cerevisiae의 순으로 B. subtilis를 이용한 후발효차 제조시 금속이온 제거능이 가장 높게 나타났다. 환원력은 대조군의 경우 O.D.값이 2.27이었으며, 후발효차에서는 세가지 후발효차 모두 대조군보다는 낮은 환원력을 나타내었다. 후발효차의 지질과산화 억제능은 세 균주로 제조한 후발효차 모두 blank test 결과와 비교할 때 높은 지질 과산화 억제능을 나타내었다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2011

본 연구는 '신고' 배나무에 Ca처리 방법을 달리 했을 때 과실 내 무기성분과 품질 그리고 갈변율에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. Ca 엽면시비는 대조구, Ca 관주처리, 그리고 Ca 엽면시비+IBA 관주 처리에 비해 유의적으로 높은 과실 내 Ca 함량이 나타났다. 과실내 Mg와 B 그리고 Mn 농도는 Ca 엽면시비에 의해 다른 처리구에 비해 오히려 낮거나 비슷한 수준이 나타났다. 과실의 착색은 처리구간에 별다른 차이가 없었다. Ca 엽면시비와 관주처리는 저온저장 후 0, 60, 100일 후에 대조구에 비해 과실의 경도를 유지시켰고 갈변율을 감소시켰다. 저온저장 100일 후에 10일간 상온에 두었을 때도 비슷한 현상이 나타났다. Ca 엽면시비+IBA 관주 처리의 경우 대조구에 비해 과실경도를 유지시켰지만, 과실의 갈변과 부패율은 대조구와 비슷한 수치를 보여서 이에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권5
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• pp.531-541
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• 2005

This study investigated the influence of anthropometric data and nutrient intake on bone mineral density(BMD) and biochemical markers of bone metabolism The mean age of 21 premenopausal women were 47.0 years and that of 41 postmenopausal women whose menopausal age was 49.46 years were 60.56 years. The waist and WHR of postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those of premenopausal ones. The animal protein intake of premenopausal and postmenopausal women were 38.5 and 21.03 g which comprised 54.35 and $31.84\%$ of total protein intake, respectively. The calcium intake of premenopausal and postmenopausal women were 446.45 and 546.97mg which was 63.78 and $78.14\%$ of Korean RDA, respectively. The ALP(Alkaline phosphatase) of premenopausal women was 65.81 U/L, which was significantly lower than that(90.24 U/L) of postmenopausal women (p<0.01). BMD of lumbar spine of premenopausal women was correlated significantly with body weight(r=0.690, p<0.01), waist(r=0.682, p<0.01), WHR(r=0.672, p<0.01), BMI(r=0.559, p<0.01), and body fat(r=0.457, p<0.01). Urinary Ca/creatinine ratio of the premenopausal women was negatively correlated with plant protein(r=-0.529, p<0.05) and plant calcium(r=-0.579, p<0.05). BMD of lumbar spine of postmenopausal women showed positive correlation with lean body mass(r=0.469, p<0.01) and body weight(r=0.383, p<0.05). Urinary Ca/creatinine ratio for the postmenopausal women was positively correlated with ALP(r=0.404, p<0.01) and urinary Na/creatinine ratio(r=0.389, p<0.05). In conclusion, it is necessary to maintain adequate body weight and to increase calcium intake for the premenopausal women. It is also important to increase muscle mass and reduce salt intake for the postmenopausal women.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2003

This study was performed to compare nutrient intake, bone density, total cholesterol and blood glucose in women who lived in Taegu city. The number of subjects participated in the study was 89 and they were classified into 3 groups by age. 30.3% of the subject were in their 20-34 years of age, 37.1% were in their 35～49 years of age and 32.6% were above fifty. A dietary record method was used to assess the nutritional intake of subjects. Anthropometric measurement such as body weight, height and WHR, and blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol and BMD were measured. The results were as follows, mean weight, WHR, SBP, and blood glucose and total cholesterol of the subjects above 50 years old were significantly higher than those of 20-49 years of age(p<0.05). Mean bone density in calcaneus of subjects aged above fifty was lower than those of under 49 years of age(p<0.05). Weight, BMI, waist circumference, WHR and SBP were positively correlated with age(p<0.01). WHR and body fat were positively correlated with BMI(p<0.01). Waist circumference was positively correlated with SBP(p<0.01). Bone mineral density was negatively correlated with age and SBP(p<0.01). Also BMD was positively correlated with weight(p<0.05). Energy intakes was positively correlated with bone mineral density(p<0.05). Fat intakes was negatively correlated with SBP and blood glucose(p<0.05). Calcium intakes was negatively correlated with SBP(p<0.05). Ca/P ratio was negatively correlated with age(p<0.05) and WHR(p<0.01). Zinc intakes was negatively correlated with SBP and blood glucose(p<0.05). From the findings, it is suggested that the women after menopause keep the optimum body weight and good eating habits. Especially intake of good quality protein, calcium and carbohydrate seemed to be important.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2007

The effects of mulberry-leaf powder Tofu(MPT) on anthropometric measurements, including bone mineral density(BMD) in the right carpus, biochemical bone turnover markers, serum levels of lipids and macrominerals, were investigated in 30 smoking male adults who lived in Choongnam were given MPT(100 g/day) for 4 weeks. The average ages, number of smoked cigarettes and packyear were 22.38 years, 15.12/day and 3.54 years, respectively. The nutrient contents per 100 g MPT were 86.10 kcal energy, 8.98 g protein, 0.53 mg fiber, 211.33 mg Ca and 1.59 g fat. Anthropometric measurements, including dietary intake using the 24-hours recall method, carpal BMD using DEXA, serum levels of protein, albumin and glucose, lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol) with Al(atherosclerosis index), HTR, CRF, LHBt, some biomarkers of BMD(serum alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin, urinary DPD), and serum macrominerals(Ca, Ca/P ratio, Mg) and Pb were analyzed before and after consumption of MPT. After MPT consumption, dietary intakes of plant protein, total Ca and plant Ca increased significantly, but there were no significant differences in anthropometric measurements, BMD with bone metabolism markers, serum levels of protein, albumin or glucose, lipid profiles with AI, HTR, LHR and CRF.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2000

This study was performed to assess the nutritional status of nursing home residents and to assess the effect of nutrition intervention. The subjects were 123 people aged over 60 years from 5 different nursing homes. The nutrition intervention study was carried out by supplementing their diet with multivitamin-minerals for 2 months. The mean intakes of most nutrients did not meet the RDA, Though the nutrient content of the menus provided by the facilities were satisfactory. Nutrients of which intakes fell below 75% of the RDA were protein, Ca, Fe, vitamin A vitamin B$_1$, and vitamin B$_2$. The BMIs of male and female subjects were 22.0kg/$m^2$ and 24.6kg/$m^2$ and the WHRs were 0.92 and 0.90, respectively. The percentage of subjects with hypertention (BP$\geq$140/90mmHg) and with anemia(Hb$\leq$13mg/100$m\ell$ in men, Hb$\leq$12mg/100$m\ell$ in women) were 34.6% and 41.9%, respectively. The serum cncentrations of albumin, total protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and total lipid fell within normal ranges. However, 27.5% of the subjects showed a high serum cholesterol level of over 250mg/100$m\ell$. The concentration of C3 was 81.2mg/100$m\ell$, IgG, 1343mg/100$m\ell$, and IL-2, 0.766mg/$m\ell$. after 2 months of vitamin-mineral supplementation, the levels of blood glucose and total cholesterol were significantly decreased and triglyceride was significantly increased. The vitamin-mineral supplementation had no effect on the mean levels of vitamin A and E, IgG, IL2, and C3. However, the intervention resulted int he improvement of serum vitamin A and E levels when the subject\`s serum levels were low before the supplementation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2013

Higher bone mineral density (BMD) at a young age, calcium intake, and exercise are important for prevention of osteoporosis later in life. We examined familial effects of BMD between mothers and children and adolescents aged 8-19 in Cheonan, Korea and the relationships between BMD and lifestyle parameters, including: food and nutrient intake and exercise. For daughters and sons, significant differences in BMD were observed at the three bone sites (total femur, femur neck, and lumbar spine) according to age, gender, body mass index, exercise, and milk consumption, compared to the reference value for each classification category. Mean differences in children's BMD were observed according to maternal BMD. Energy and calcium intake were lower in both children and mothers in comparison to the estimated daily energy requirement; however, their protein intake was much greater than the daily recommended intake. After adjusting for age and gender and for mother's age, body mass index, and total calorie intake, results of the food frequency test showed an association of a higher intake of meat, meat products, milk and milk products with greater BMD of total femur, femur neck, and lumbar spine of children. In addition, exercise was positively associated with higher BMD. Regression analysis showed a positive association of BMD with age, male gender, exercise, and mother's BMD. In conclusion, after adjustment for environmental parameters, maternal BMD had a positive influence on BMD in daughters and sons. This finding suggests that parents need to check their BMD in order to determine whether their children are at increased risk of low BMD.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2014

접목묘의 활착률 및 생육은 활착기간 중의 환경조건뿐만 아니라 접목 전 대목 및 접수의 생육상태의 영향을 받을 수 있다. 접목 직후에 있어서의 환경 스트레스를 완화하고 생장을 촉진하기 위해서는, 접목 후의 환경 조건뿐만 아니라 접목 이전의 대목 및 육묘관리에도 주목할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 접목 전 접수의 수분관리, 대목의 양분관리가 고추 접목묘의 활착 및 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해 수행되었다. 접목 전 접수 육묘시 관수에 따른 고추 접목묘의 생육을 검토하기 위해, 접수의 관수 횟수 및 관수시기를 접목 5일 전 최종 관수 후 0, 1(접목 2일 전), 1(접목 1일 전), 2회(접목 2일 전 및 접목 직전)로 처리하였다. 관수횟수 및 관수시기에 따라 접수의 상토 및 식물체의 수분포텐셜이 영향을 받았으며, 이에 따라 접수 및 접목묘의 엽면적, 생체중 및 건물중 등에 있어서 차이를 보여, 접목 13일째 접목 2일전 1회 관수 처리구의 생체중 및 건물중은 0회 관수처리구 대비 각각 29, 34% 높았다. 따라서 72공 플러그 트레이를 이용한 고추 접수 생산시 접목 전 5일간의 기간 중 2일 전 1회 관수와 같이, 접목 전 접수의 수분관리를 통하여 적절한 수분스트레스를 줌으로써 접목시 접목묘의 수분스트레스를 완화하여 원활한 접목활착 및 이후 생육촉진을 도모할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 접목 전 대목 육묘시 양분공급에 따른 고추 접목묘의 생육을 검토하기 위해, 접목 일주일 전부터 대목의 양액공급 횟수를 0, 1(접목 2일 전), 2(접목 2일전 및 접목 직전), 4회(접목 7, 5, 2일 전 및 접목 직전)로 처리하였을 때, 상토의 pH와 EC, 대목과 그를 이용한 접목묘의 생육 및 식물체내 무기성분 함량이 영향을 받아, 접목 13일째 4회 공급처리구의 생체중 및 건물중은 0회 처리구 대비 각각 30, 20% 증가하였다. 따라서 72공 플러그 트레이를 이용한 고추 대목 생산시 접목 전 7일간의 기간 중 4회 이상의 양액 공급을 통해 접목묘의 생육을 촉진할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 결론적으로, 접목전 대목 및 접수의 양수분 관리에 의해 고추 접목묘의 생육이 영향을 받으며, 따라서 접목 전 대목 및 접수의 적절한 양수분 관리를 통해서 접목묘의 생육촉진 및 품질향상을 도모할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.