• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.279-283
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• 1992

Eighteen wether lambs averaging 32 kg were used to determine the effects of dietary silica, added as silicic acid, on mineral metabolism. Lambs were fed 1200 g daily of a coastal Bermuda grass based diet supplemented with either 0, .5 or 1.5% silicic acid. A 7-d total collection of urine and feces was conducted after lambs had adjusted to the dietary treatments for 19 days. Urinary excretion of silica was higher (p<.01) in lambs fed added silicic acid. Ruminal soluble concentrations of manganese tended to be lower (p<.10) and apparent absorption and retention of manganese were lower (p<.05) in lambs supplemented with silicic acid compared to control lambs. Apparent absorption and retention of calcium were slightly lower (p<.10) in silicic acid fed lambs. No differences in urinary between lambs fed .5 and those given 1.5% silicic acid. Phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper absorption and retention were not affected by treatment.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.21.1-21.8
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• 2016

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding trace mineralsfortified mixed microbial culture (TMC) on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood electrolyte status, nitrogen balance, and trace mineral balance in sheep. Methods: Mixed microbes [0.6 % (v/w) of Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Saccharomyces sp.] were cultured with 99 % feedstuffs and 0.4 % trace minerals including zinc and copper for ensiling. Six sheep (a mean body weight of $46.5{\pm}1.2kg$) were fed two diets: a control diet (concentrate mix and rye straw) and an experimental diet (a control diet + 3.1 % TMC). Results: TMC feeding did not induce negative effects on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood electrolytes, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Feeding with TMC increased the intake of trace minerals (p < 0.05) and did not affect absorption of trace minerals in the whole digestive tract. Feeding with TMC increased fecal excretion and absorbable intake, and retention of zinc and copper (p < 0.05) by 71 % and 77 %, respectively. Conclusion: Feeding with TMC resulted in higher zinc and copper bioavailability and retention without any adverse effects on sheep performance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 1997

An experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of dietary supplementation of monensin or salinomycin on mineral utilization of growing goats. Six goats weighing 10.54 kg initially were randomly assigned to treatments in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square design. Treatments were a basal diet, basal plus 30 ppm monensin and basal plus 20 ppm salinomycin on a DM basis. The basal diet was a mixture of Italian ryegrass wafer, soybean meal, ground maize and $CaCO_3$ with DM proportions of 50, 13.76, 36 and 0.24%, respectively. Each period lasted for 21 days, and the apparent absorption and retention of minerals were measured during the last 7 days of each period. Salinomycin supplementation improved NDF digestibility and plasma glucose. The apparent absorption and retention of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K were not influenced by the treatments. The concentrations of plasma Ca, P, Mg, Na, K and Cl were similar in all treatments. The ionophore supplementation had no significant effect on acid excretion. The results suggest that 30 ppm monensin or 20 ppm salinomycin supplementation is not effective in improving the utilization of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K in growing goats fed a diet composed of the 50% concentrate.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.1350-1357
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• 2017

본 연구는 오이의 종류와 조리방법에 따라 일반성분 및 무기질 함량을 비교하고자 하였다. 오이는 취청오이, 백다다기오이, 노각 3종류를 생재료와 삶기, 찌기, 굽기, 로스팅, 볶기, 튀기기, 전자레인지 7가지 조리방법을 사용하였다. 이를 통해 일반성분과 무기성분의 잔존율과 각각의 함량에 대한 종류 및 조리방법의 상관성을 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 오이는 모두 조리과정에서 중량이 감소하였다. 대부분의 일반성분과 무기질은 종류와 조리방법의 영향을 모두 받았지만 단백질은 영향을 받지 않았고, 철 함량은 조리방법에 의해 영향을 받지 않았으며, 구리 함량은 종류에 대한 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 일반성분 중 단백질, 지방, 회분은 튀기기 했을 때 함량이 높았고 수분은 원재료, 삶기, 찌기를 했을 때 높았다. 무기질은 로스팅과 전자레인지 조리를 한취청오이의 함량이 높았고, 백다다기오이와 노각은 튀기기를 했을 때 전반적인 함량이 높았다. 단백질, 지방, 수분, 회분의 잔존율은 각각 30~100%, 10~100%, 35~90%, 30~100% 범위로 나타났다. 무기질은 로스팅, 전자레인지, 삶기를 한 취청오이가 높은 잔존율을 보였고, 백다다기오이와 노각은 튀기기를 했을 때 높은 잔존율을 보였다. 취청오이는 찌기를 했을 때, 백다다기오이와 노각은 삶기와 찌기를 했을 때 잔존율이 낮았으며, 특히 노각의 경우 20~45%로 낮은 잔존율을 보였다. 이러한 결과들을 종합해 보았을 때 오이에 대한 조리 전후에 대한 기초 자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 생각되며, 다양한 오이 종류에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2001

Intakes and excretions of calcium and phosphorus were determined for 8 female adolescents(aged 16.3$\pm$0.5y; body mass index 20.4$\pm$1.3kg/$m^2$; body fat 33.3$\pm$2.5%; bone mineral density of lumbar spine in L2-L4; 0.96$\pm$0.08g/$\textrm{cm}^2$) when they consumed diets basal and high in calcium for 6 days each. All subjects consumed a basal Ca diet containing 800mg, Korean RDA level of the subjects, and a high Ca diet containing 1200mg, RDA plus 2 SDs of calcium intake. The diets provided 58% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 25% as fat, and 17% as protein. Food, urine, and fecal composites were collected during the last 3 days of each feeding period. Fecal excretion of calcium was significantly greater on the high Ca than on the basal Ca diet. Hence, apparent absorption rate was significantly lowered from 40.9% on the basal Ca diet to 33.1% on the high Ca diet. There was no significant difference in calcium retention between the two diet periods but it tended to be greater on the high Ca diet. However, excretions and retention of phosphorus did not show any significant difference even though intake was significantly increased from 1,253mg on the basal Ca diet to 1,583mg on the high Ca diet. The results indicate that higher calcium intake than the Korean RDA level is recommended for adolescents to meet peak bone mineral accretion and attain a desirable level of calcium retention. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 433~439, 2001)

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.183-195
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• 2014

The efficiency of two metal ions (cadmium, zinc) removal from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration (UF) and Polymer Enhanced Ultrafiltration (PEUF) processes were investigated in this work. The UF and PEUF studies were carried out using an ultrafiltration tangential cell system equipped with 5.000 MWCO regenerated cellulose. A water-soluble polymer: the polyacrylic acid (PAA) was used as complexant for PEUF experiments. The effects of transmembrane pressure, pH, metal ions and loading ratio on permeate fluxes and metal ions removals were evaluated. In UF process, permeate fluxes increase linearly with increasing pH for different transmembrane pressure, which may be the consequence of the formation of soluble metal hydroxyl complexes in the aqueous phase. In PEUF process, above pH 5.0, the Cd(II) retention reaches a plateau at 90% and Zn(II) at 80% for L = 5. Also, cadmium retention at different L is greater than zinc retention at pH varying from 5.0 to 9.0. In a mixture solution, cadmium retention is higher than zinc for different loading ratio, this is due to interactions between carboxylic groups of PAA and metal ions and more important with cadmium ions.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.93-98
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• 1998

Fluidity retention of concrete used high range water reducing AE agent(HWAE) is varied according to type, dosage amount and dosing method of HWAE. The type and substitution ratio of mineral admixture also have influence on the fluidity retention of concrete using HWAE. For the purpose of improving the fluidity retention in concrete used HWAE, 3 types of HWAE and ground granulated blast furnace slag(SG) are applied in cement-based composites such as cement paste, mortar and concrete respectively. According to using the HWAE of naphthalene sulfonates and SG, the fluidity retention of mortar and concerete is improving the fluidity retention and strength of concrete regardless of type of HWAE.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.313-323
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• 1998

고성능 AE감수제를 사용한 콘크리트의 유동성 유지성능은 고성능 AE감수제의 주성분 및 사용량, 사용방법과 광물질 혼화재의 종류 및 혼합률 등에 따라서 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 주성분이 다른 3종류의 고성능 AE감수제의 사용량과 사용방법을 변화시키고 분말도가 다른 3종류의 고로슬래그 미분말을 활용하여 시멘트풀, 모르터 및 콘크리트의 유동성 유지성능과 강도특성을 비교고찰하여 효율적인 유동성 유지방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과 고성능AE감수제를 사용한 콘크리트의 유동성 유지성능은 경과시간에 따른 시멘트 입자의 응집성과 밀접한 상관성이 있으며 나프탈린계 고성능 AE감수제의 사용과 고로슬래그 미분말의 분말도가 작고 혼합률이 클수록 모르터 및 콘크리트의유동성 유지성능이 현저히 향상되었다. 한편 고성능AE감수제의 종류에 관계없이 30분후 첨가방법이 유동성 유지성능 및 강도향상에 있어서 일석이조의 좋은 성과가 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.950-957
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• 1996

This study was designed to investigate the effects of caffeine intake on Ca and P metabolism in ovariectomized rats. For this purpose, the ovariectomized female rats weighing 230.8$\pm$3.5g were divided into four groups, eight rats each ; control, low caffeine(LC), medium caffeine(MC)and high caffeine(HC) groups. They were supplied for six weeks with the caffeine of 0mg, 66.8mg, 167mg and 334mg per kilogram of diet, respectively, and the results are summarized as follows. 1) There were no significant differences in feed intake, feed efficiency ratio and body weight change among all of experimental groups. But liver weight(both total weight and weight/body weight) was significantly decreased by caffeine in MC group. 2) The weight of tibia was decreased by caffeine intake in MC and HC groups. But the length, Ca and P content of tibia and femur was not changed in all of caffeine groups. 3) Ca, PTH and calcitonin levels in serum were not affected by caffeine. While, serum P level in HC group was significantly increased as compared with the control. 4) The fecal excretion of Ca and P tended to be higher in the caffeine groups, and as the result, the absorption rate, retention and retention rate of Ca and P tended to be decreased. It was noteworthy that P retention was significantly lowered in HC group as compared with LC group. The results showed that, when caffeine was taken by ovarietomized rats, the weight of tibia was decreased and the retention rate of Ca and P tended to be lowered. Therefore, too much intake of caffeine for women whose bone mineral density of tibia is decreased after postmenopause seems to accelerate the decrease of bone mineral density due to the negative effect on metabolism of Ca and P.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.588-596
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• 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low doses of organic trace minerals (iron, copper, manganese, and zinc) on productive performance, egg quality, yolk and tissue mineral retention, and fecal mineral excretion of laying hens during the late laying period. Methods: A total of 405 healthy hens (HY-Line White, 50-week-old) were randomly divided into 3 treatments, with 9 replicates per treatment and 15 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments included feeding a basal diet + inorganic trace minerals at commercial levels (CON), a basal diet + inorganic trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (ITM), and a basal diet + proteinated trace minerals at 1/3 commercial levels (TRT). The trial lasted for 56 days. Results: Compared to CON, ITM decreased (p<0.05) egg production, daily egg mass, albumen height, eggshell strength, yolk Fe concentration, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and total protein, and increased (p<0.05) egg loss and feed to egg ratio. Whereas with productive performance, egg quality, yolk mineral retention, and serum indices there were no differences (p>0.05) between CON and TRT. The concentrations of Fe and Mn in the tissue and tibia were changed notably in ITM relative to CON and TRT. Both ITM and TRT reduced (p<0.05) fecal mineral excretion compared to CON. Conclusion: These results indicate that dietary supplementation of low-dose organic trace minerals reduced fecal mineral excretion without negatively impacting hen performance and egg quality.