• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05b
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• pp.89-92
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• 2006

This study has focused on the possibility for recycling of tailings from the Sangdong tungsten mine as powder of superfluidity self-compacting concrete. The experimental tests for slump-flow, time required to reach 500mm of slump flow(sec), time required to flow through V-funnel(sec) and filling height of U-box test(mm) were carried out in accordance with the specified by the Japanese Society of Civil Engineering(JSCE). The result of this study, in case of superfluidity self-compacting concrete mixed with tailings, slump-flow was decreased with increasing mixing ratio. But time required to reach 500mm of slump flow(sec), time required to flow through V-funnel(sec) and filling height of U-box test(mm) were satisfied a prescribed range.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.437-440
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• 2003

This study has focused on the possibility for recycling of tailings from the Sangdong tungsten mine as powder of self-compacting concrete(SCC). The experimental tests for slump-flow, reaching time to the slump-flow of 500mm, V-funnel and U-box were carried out in accordance with the specified by the Japanese Society of Civil Engineering(JSCE). The result of this study, in case of SCC mixed with tailings, slump-flow was decreased with increasing mixing ratio. But reaching time slump-flow of 500mm, V-funnel and U-box were satisfied a prescribed range. The mechanical properties including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and static modulus of elasticity were checked with the requirements specified by Korean Industrial Standard(KS). The compressive strength of SCC was decreased with increasing replacement, splitting tensile strength and static modulus were similar to those of normal concrete.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2003

Sampling of waters from each stage of treatment system (Successive Alkalinity Producing System; SAPS), tailings seepage, and spring near the Hanchang coal mine of Kangwon Province were carried out seasonally and analyzed to evaluate the source and possible path of groundwater contamination by acid mine drainage (AM). Sulfur isotope compositions were measured to identify the origin of groundwater contaminations and the sulfate reduction processes in the SAPS. Low pH and high metal concentration of spring water indicates possibility of the groundwater contamination by AMD. Removal efficiency of acidity of the SAPS was 18.17 g/$\textrm{m}^2$/day on an average and the metal removal efficiency was almost 100%, which was higher than those of other treatment systems. However, no appreciable decrease of sulfur content and almost similar sulfur isotope compositions of water from each stage of the treatment system may suggest incomplete or very poor sulfate reduction by sulfate reducing bacteria. Chemical and sulfur isotope compositions showed that spring water was contaminated by seepage from mine tailings. And seepage of stonewall, a part of treatment system was affected by both tailings seepage and mine adit drainage. In this study site, the treatment system was constructed for the only AMD from mine adit not for tailings seepages, which resulted in the groundwater contamination from tailing seepages. Similar situation is expected in other abandoned coal mine areas.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.26-32
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• 2000

A period of widespread damage to the surroundings by acid mine drainage was examined by modeling using column device, and the method to solve this problem was worked out. the underlying principle is to let the tailings permanently maintain a stable state not being reacted with the underground water, and the method is that the tailings and limestone are piled up alternatively. This reclamation method is economic and environmentally useful because of practical use of a large amount of low-grade natural limestone.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.51-57
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to research the mineralogical characteristics and removal of heavy metals of tailings from Gum-poong mine. From the result of mineralogical analysis, there are several sulphide minerals such as chalcocite, aresenopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite and galena. Cd and Zn have a good positive correlation from the statistical relation between Cd and other heavy metals(Cu, Pb, Zn). Residual heavy metals(As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) from the Gum-poong tailings were removed under the warning criteria from the result of froth flotation with K.A.X.(Potassium Amyl Xanthate) and Aerofloat 211.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.52-55
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to investigate the vertical variation of heavy metals in tailings from the Sangdong W mine. Tailings samples were taken at 6 drilling sites with 50cm intervals up to 21meters in depth and dried at room temperature. The pH value, loss-on-ignition and water contents were measured. In addition, chemical compositions of the samples were determined by AAS after 0.1N HC1 leaching and ICP-AES after aqua regia leaching. The pH values were in the range of 7.2 to 8.5 due to chemical reactions of carbonate minerals. The ranges of heavy metals (mg/kg) extracted by 0.1N HC1 were from 0.17 to 0.93 for Cd, 0.04 to 4.39 for Cu, 0.03 to 10.9 for Pb and 0.06 to 14.1 for Zn and those extracted by aqua regia were 3.10~10.5, 23.61 ~251, 63.7~337 and 42.6~134 for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. Generally, the metal concentrations in tailings do not change with depth, with they have a tendency to decrease with depth in some case.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.372-378
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• 2003

This study investigates the fractional composition and the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in polluted soils due to mining activities. The fractionated composition of heavy metals is classified into five fractions, adsorbed, carbonate, reducible, organic and residual fraction. The status of humic substances in mine wastes of most sites are polyhumic except tailing from Sangdong mine. According to the sequential extraction procedures (SEPs), leaching probabilities of Cd in coal wastes and tailing are relatively low due to high percentage of residual fraction. 46.4% of Ni in tailings from Sangdong mine is probably leached under oxidized environment, and 39.4% of Cu in these tailings is readily extracted under strongly oxidized environment by organic fraction. According to leaching condition of pH 3.0 and pH 5.6, the amount of heavy metals leached out of coal wastes and tailing increases to 1/2 hours. At pH 3.0 and pH 5.6, concentration of Ni in tailing increases up three times of the initial value. Heavy metals released from coal wastes and tailing were not influenced significantly by leaching time.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 1999

In order to investigate the contamination characteristics of the heavy metals in the mine tailings of abandoned gold mine and its surrounding agricultural soils, a sequential extraction procedure of increasing reactivity in the dissolution processes of the heavy metals(Cd, Cu, and Pb) which were associated with solid and/or solution phase in soils was attempted to partition into six particulate fractions : exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter, residual, and soluble. Among indigenous heavy metals in the mine tailings, Pb was the most abundant and Cu and Cd were followed by. Fractionation result of Pb obtained from the triplicate samples of the mine tailings were in the order of Fe-Mn oxide> Carbonate> Residual> Organic> Exchangeable> Soluble, while Wolgok series were Exchangeable > Fe-Mn oxide > Carbonate> Organic> Residual> Soluable. However the other heavy metals studied were not followed this trend. The fractionation results of mine tailing and agricultural soils demonstrated that different geochemical fractions were operationally defined by an extraction sequence that generally followed the order of decreasing solubility. Therefore potential mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals as toxic pollution sources can be evaluated when studying the pollution levels of heavy metals in soils.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.38 no.4 s.173
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• pp.451-462
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• 2005

In order to examine the extent of environmental contamination at abandoned Samsanjeil Cu mines in Kosung-kun, Kyeongsangnam-do, we have investigated the contaminations and mobility of toxic trace elements from mine wastes including about 280,000 tonnages of tailings by chemical experiments (total extraction, partial extraction by 0.1N HCI and sequential extraction procedure). Total concentrations of trace elements showed that Cu, As, Co, Zn, Pb, and Cd concentrations in tailings were 14.0, 3.6, 3.1, 2.1, 2.1 and 1.6 times greater than those in background soil, respectively. From the proportion of metals bound to the exchangeable and carbonate fractions, the comparative mobility of metals decrease in order of $Zn(29.0\%)>Cu(12.3\%)Pb(9.6\%)>Cd(3.0\%)>As=Co(0.0\%)$. Based on the concentrations, chemical speciations of tailings, waste rock and nearby soil, it was revealed that Cu and Zn were the most possible elements to contaminate the surrounding environment in Samsanjeil mine area. In addition, the tailings had total trace metal concentrations below Dutch guideline values except Cu, and they might not affect adverse impact on environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2014

In this study, the residual heavy metals in the mine tailings, primarily treated by soil washing, were stabilized using phosphate salts. The concentrations of residual contaminants in the washed mine tailings were As (1,861 mg/kg), Cd (20 mg/kg), Cu (56 mg/kg), Pb (2,149 mg/kg), and Zn (633 mg/kg). They were stabilized with $CaHPO_4$, $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2{\cdot}H_2O$, and hydroxyapatite at 0.1 wt%, 1 wt%, and 10 wt% for 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. It was found that 1 wt% $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2{\cdot}H_2O$ was optimum in our experiments, but the stabilization duration did not affect the efficiency. After stabilization with 1 wt% $Ca(H_2PO_4)_2{\cdot}H_2O$ for 1 day, the concentrations of arsenic and heavy metals, As (0.328 mg/L), Cd (0.250 mg/L), Cu (0.143 mg/L), Pb (0.359 mg/L), and Zn (2.622 mg/L), in TCLP leachate were below the RCRA-TCLP limits, which meant the contaminants in the treated mine tailings were stably immobilized.