• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
• /
• pp.84-86
• /
• 1994

AS A SOCIETY, we are in conflict with ourselves about the cost of health care. 1 On one hand, we want the best care possible, regardless of cost. On the other hand, we are not willing to pay the cost of the care we want. Our conflict parallels a flaw in the medical marketplace. An essential condition for achieving an equilibrium between cost and value is that the two must be connected through decisions. When people decide what products and services (goods) they want, they must not only see the value they will receive, but they mast also be responsible for the costs. Because of a variety of features of the medical marketplace-most notably third-party coverage, third-party advice, and uncertainty about outcomes-the required connection between value and cost is severed. The result is what we see. One side of our collective mind demands more services while the other side cries that costs are too high. Resolving our conflict will require connecting value to cost. An essential step in accomplishing this will be to incorporate costs in practice policies. 1 As controversial as that thought might seem (the great majority of practice policies currently do not take costs into account except in the most rudimentary way), arriving at the conclusion is the easy part. A more difficult issue is how to implement the goal of connecting value to cost. Suppose we agree that, in principle, costs should be considered when practice policies are designed, and that an activity should be recommended and covered only if its health outcomes (benefits minus hanns) are deemed to be worth its costs. The next questions are, Who should do the deeming? What should the deemers be asked?

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2019

일본 애니메이션 프레임 연출방법인 리미티드(Limited) 애니메이션기법은 비록 미국에서 태동했지만, 일본에서 리미티드 애니메이션기법을 활용하고, 발전시켜, 그 근본을 흔들어놓았다. 그래서 본 연구자는 미국애니메이션과 일본 애니메이션 동작 및 연출기법을 비교, 분석하고, 두 나라의 리미티드 애니메이션기법이 어떠한 차이점이 있는가에 대해 살펴보았다. 두 나라의 애니메이션 분석에 앞서, 먼저 전통 애니메이션(Orthodox Animation)과 실험 애니메이션(Experimental Animation)의 개념의 차이를 살펴보았다. 그리고, 리미티드 애니메이션 개념을 살펴보고, 풀 애니메이션(Full Animation)과의 차이점 살펴보았다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 핵심인 미국과 일본 리미티드 애니메이션의 차이 분석을 위해, 디즈니가 개발하여 확립시킨 이론'디즈니 애니메이션 12법칙'에 적용하여 분석하였다.

• 지식경영연구
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.105-135
• /
• 2019

This study investigates cognitive and emotional changes in individuals to clarify the principle between artistic stimulation and business innovation idea generation based on phenomenological research methodology. We conducted in-depth interviews with six participants who participated in the artistic creation program of business art, and derived meanings from their experience. As a result, we presented 4 essential categories, 8 main subjects, and 20 sub-subjects; 1) Optimizing rational and creative thinking, 2) Projecting oneself to the artist, finding balance, 3) Having room in mind to view the surroundings, finding insight into the world, 4) Eureka moment, crossing the boundary between business and art. We also found out participants of the program 1) Gradually expanded the criteria, 2) In chaotic directions, and 3) Leaded business creativity through from a non-form to reality throughout the project experience, The attempt to identify business phenomena by using phenomenological qualitative research methods had an academic significance regarding the unfamiliarity of the method in the business administration area. Moreover, this study broadened the possibility of promoting creativity by art in business areas. The study verified the categories and subjects of the business art, paving the way towards application in the real business situation.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제28권
• /
• pp.37-53
• /
• 2012

This paper examines 'an active nihilism' in Suk-je Sung's novels in detail. The focus of this study is formed from the critical mind in a critical perspective that in Korean novels before and after 2000s, characters who embody 'problematic individuals' of $Luk{\acute{a}}cs$ have disappeared and those close to 'active nihilists' has become the mainstream. The most representative example of this phenomenon is Suk-je Sung's novels. 'Active nihilists' in his novels are described as 'ascetics' who mastered various spheres such as 'billiard', 'baduk gambling', 'alcohol', 'dance', and 'book collecting', and so on. In the sense that they reject the transcendental conditions of the modern world and live in the space and time of play in which they can display their passion and potentiality to the maximum, they beings jumping over the 'reality principle'. Also, what they want to repeat is not the endless exchange of labor and capital according to the capitalist system of exchange but rather the repeated existence of their power and passion. This 'anthropology of power and passion' is 'active nihilism' which could be expressed as the 'subject of creating new value' and 'Dionysian affirmation' by Nietzsche. Suk-je Sung's novels sharply prove the stylistic essence of 'a novel' which has to create its own form every time, constantly renewing the narrative style of the past ideal model. In this respect, they are very problematic and his innovation of a form draws the attention. Further, this will certainly be the important object of research in the diachronic dimension of contemporary Korean novel.

• 영미문화
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.209-230
• /
• 2010

This paper reads Tristram Shandy around the issue of hobbyhorse, Sterne's main contribution to novelistic techniques as well as his insightful understanding of the modern condition. First, Sterne represents his characters according to the principle of hobbyhorse, declaring "I will draw my uncle Toby's character from his HOBBY-HORSE." Gradually distancing himself from the Juvenalian satiric mode as well as Henry Fielding's grand narrative and Samuel Richardson's psychological realism, as is seen in the early episode of Yorick's death, Sterne suggests that the best way to represent his characters lies in describing their hobbyhorses. Sterne's foregrounding of hobbyhorse is linked with his embrace of madness as part of the modern identity. He accepts that hobbyhorse-riding, a quirky and mad habit of mind or behavior, is indispensable for some people, like Uncle Toby, to survive and get along with their otherwise unbearable lives. Uncle Toby's hobbyhorse of waging mock battles in the bowling green saves him from the perplexing real world of language and sexuality, while the fictionality of his hobbyhorsical world is exposed by Widow Wadman. Since a hobbyhorse is by definition a world of private pleasure and eccentricity, sentimentalism comes along to bridge the two virtually incommensurable hobbyhorsical world in place of linguistic communication. Yet if Tristram Shandy fully stages sentimentalism, a cardinal part of hobbyhorse riding, it also offers an awareness of it, which is a significant development in the cult of sentimentalism in the eighteenth century. Tristram Shandy performs a version of sentimental journey where each character rides his hobbyhorse and the reader is invited to ride his/her own hobbyhorse.

• 대순사상논총
• /
• 제20권
• /
• pp.95-123
• /
• 2009

This paper is designed to show the relationship between the Daesoon Principle and the recent theories like transpersonal psychology(TP) and predicate logic. According to TP there are 3 categories and 8 elements inside of not only human consciousness but civilization; three are pre-ego, ego, trans-ego, and eight are Uroboros, Typhon, Greater Mother, solarization, and repetition of the previous fours. The former is called, for Ken Wilber, the Average mode and the latter, the Advanced mode. I think that Daesoon thought including general Korean National religions belongs to the Advanced mode. I applied the predicate logic or paradoxical logic to understand of the Harmony of God and Man as well as Correspondence of Yin with Yang. The paradoxical logic has been not acceptable through two thousands years in the western tradition. I call the paradoxical logic the E type logic in this paper. The E type logic is most suitable logic for apprehending the Daesoon philosophy to a large extent. Finally my paper may contribute to the globalization of Daesoon mind system.

• 동양고전연구
• /
• 제33호
• /
• pp.359-384
• /
• 2008

주자(朱子)는 본래 "예기(禮記)"의 43번째 편이었던 "대학(大學)" 독립시켜 "대학장구(大學章句)" 재편집하였고, 이 과정에서 134자(字)를 보충하였다. 보충한 134자(字)는 격물치지(格物致知)에 관한 것으로 주자(朱子)의 이러한 해석(解釋)은 후대 학자들이 "대학(大學)"을 해석(解釋)하는데 크게 공헌하였다. 주자(朱子)는 격물(格物)을 천지(天地) 사이에 존재하는 사물(事物)들의 이(理)를 궁구(窮究)하는 것으로 해석(解釋)하였다. 격물(格物)이 사물(事物)들의 이(理)를 궁구(窮究)한다는 의미라면 궁리(窮理)라는 표현이 보다 적합하다. 그러나, 궁리(窮理)라고 하지 않고 격물(格物)이라고 한 것은 사물(事物)의 실체(實體)를 얻기 위해서라고 주자(朱子)는 주장한다. 이는 격물치지(格物致知)가 허학(虛學)이 아닌 실학(實學)임을 강조하기 위해서이다. 치지(致知)는 격물(格物)의 과정을 통해 나의 앎이 지극해지는 단계이다. 즉, 치지(致知)는 격물(格物)을 통해 얻은 지식들을 종합하여 진지(眞知)를 구하는 단계이다. 이 진지(眞知)는 사의(私意)가 개입할 수 없으므로 진지(眞知)는 보편적인 앎과 같은 것이 된다. 격물치지(格物致知)를 통해 양적으로 축적된 것은 활연관통(豁然貫通)을 통해 질적인 변화를 하게 된다. 격물치지(格物致知)가 하학공부(下學工夫)라면 활연관통(豁然貫通)은 상달공부(上達工夫)에 해당되는 것이다. 활연관통(豁然貫通)은 나의 이(理)가 보편적인 이(理)와 하나가 되는 단계로서 내 마음 속의 준칙(準則)이 보편성을 갖게 되는 단계이다. 즉, 내 마음 속의 준칙(準則)과 보편적인 준칙(準則)이 하나가 됨을 의미한다. 격물치지(格物致知)를 하는 최종 목표는 무엇인가? 격물치지(格物致知)의 최종 목표는 지선(至善)에 도달하는 것이다. 격물치지(格物致知)가 지선(至善)을 지향하고 있다면 활연관통(豁然貫通)을 통해 얻은 내 마음 속의 보편적 준칙(準則) 또한 지선(至善)이 그 기준이 된다. 이런 점에서 본다면 주자(朱子)의 격물치지(格物致知)는 인식론(認識論)의 측면과 윤리적(倫理的) 측면을 모두 포함하고 있다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2014

Objectives : He Meng-Yao(何夢瑤), a doctor from Qing Dynasty, wrote Yi Bian(醫碥, Fundamentals of Medicine), in which he described many things related to Medical Medicine of divination (醫易). As the content includes a lot of teachings for the posterity, I have studied it. Methods : I have taken from Yi Bian(醫碥) the selections related to Medicine of divination(醫易) and explained them. Results : While accepting the principle of upholding yang and suppressing yin based on the understanding of the Book of Changes(周易) that takes a superior man for yang and a small man for yin, He Meng-Yao(何夢瑤), who thought of both yin and yang as Qi (energy), criticized the contemporary malpractice of uniformly applying the principle. In matching the five viscera to the Eight Trigrams(八卦), he put Qian and Dui Trigram(乾兌) to lung, Kan Trigram(坎卦) to kidney, Zhen and Xun Trigram(震巽) to liver, Li Trigram(離卦) to heart, and Kun and Gen Trigram(坤艮) to spleen, which is reasonable. He didn't fix the position of the vital gate and called it Fire in water(水中之火), and set great store by the role of Fire from Vital Gate(命門火) by calling it Water begetting tree(水生木) when the fire of the vital gate steams the kidney water and turns it into Qi to send it up to liver. He emphasized Water-ascending and Fire-descending(水升火降), which he said involves all five viscera. He also argued that mind runs on the principle of water-ascending and fire-descending. He thought that Qi and blood both originate from kidney, which I think is a significant suggestion. Conclusions : The criticism on the uniform application of upholding yang and suppressing yin, the combination of the five viscera and the Eight Trigrams(八卦), the belief that the Vital gate(命門) is Fire in water(水中之火), the excellent opinion on water-ascending and fire-descending, and the suggestion that Qi and blood both originate from kidney, as presented by He Meng-Yao(何夢瑤), are all theories that should be reasonably appreciated and further developed by the posterity.

• 대순사상논총
• /
• 제25_1집
• /
• pp.121-155
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this article is to study on the comparative relationship between mutual cooperation of the Dae-soon thought of Dae-soon jinrihoe and Shinnyo thought of Shinjo Ito. Dae-soon thought focuses on outspreading virtues and enlightenment teaching based on the saying of Jeong-san Sang Jae's Mutual cooperation without any grudge. According to the Buddha's nature thought of Shinjo Ito, 'Dharma kāya resident' is the source of touching upon buddhahood. The Shinyo-en is an outward manifestation of their deep resolve to help others by cultivating spiritual faculty and mind session. First, we can find the virtue action theory in the mutual cooperation of Dae-soon thought and the virtue nature theory in the Shinnyo thought of Shinjo Ito. From the perspective of comparative relationship, it was Jeong-san Sang Jae who laid foundation for the Posterior Grand Renewal. His idea is that the universe should be completed through the mutual communication between the earth and men following the Posterior Grand Renewal. It was Kyodoin-sama who laid the foundation for identifying the place Shinchoji was established. It was at the time that the power we call bakku-daiju as transversality and Shinnyo spiritual faculty were perfected through Shindoin-sama's passing. Second, based on Jeon-kyungn or Dae-soon Ji Chim, outspreading virtue is to awaken mutual cooperation without any grudge and the enlightenment teaching to practice according to mutual cooperation principle without any deceit toward one's own self. No deceit toward one's own self is to be sincere, to be respectful and to be faithful in Jeong-san Sang Jae. In the different context of Mahayana Buddhism, we can be aware that the immortal resident immortal of Dharma kāya is the source of permanent bliss in the Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra' From the perspective of comparative relationship to pray toward Jeong-san Sang Jae and to participate in the Posterior Grand Renewal is to take part in Cheonji-Gongsa. It is a similar phenomena to be reflected suchness reality before the three personifications of buddhahood and the Shinnyo Stupa is the same meaning as meeting the ever present Buddha. Both of them, they focus to find religious altruism from real possibilities of mutual support. They argue that to dispense with altruism is to dispense with Sang Jae or Dharma for the divine transformation of human possibilities Third, Everybody possesses unique and wonderful abilities to be unified with Jeong-san Sang Jae. If we seek happiness by trying to get by without making much of an effort to take part in CheonjiGongsa, it will be difficult to attain the harmony and peace of mankind with outspreading virtues and enlightenment teaching. In the 'Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra' tells us 'all sentient beings have Buddha nature' that could be the possibility to the fulfillment of buddhahood in the spiritual practice. From the comparative relationship, we can strive with open hearts and minds, in efforts that benefit others, and in ways we can work together to build a word of joy in which everyone can have an opportunity to cultivate spiritual faculty. This is based on mutually beneficial voluntary focused our principles into practice the spirit to build a mind session of Shinnyo as the civic clean precepts of 'Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra'. Fourth, the disciples of Jeong-san Sang Jae are encouraged to acquire the Mutual cooperation manner of being considerate. It is important to accumulate virtue action by daily effort. It is the contrast to awaken virtue nature by daily practice. The Buddha's nature thought of Shinjo Ito is based on the thought of Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra. It can be supported by the Shinnyo parents and the two Dojis to build a world of joy as the light dharma descending and the emphasis of Tathatā spiritual faculty. It's not that we can't do something we haven't attained a higher spiritual level. What counts is our continuos effort, act so we can cultivate our spiritual faculty through the way of mind session.

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.45-59
• /
• 2011

20세기 초반에 등장한 수학기초론의 주류 세 학파 (직관주의 논리주의 형식주의)는 상호 대립관계를 보인다. 큰 틀에서 볼 때, 논리주의는 프레게를 계승하는 입장이다. 이와 대립관계의 기초론 중 하나인 직관주의는 구성주의 수학철학의 주축으로 평가된다. 그리고 직관주의가 터를 닦은 구성주의 수학철학을 후속 개진시킨 주역은 의미론적 반실 재론을 주창한 마이클 더밋이다. 따라서 외형상으로는 더밋이 직관주의를 계승하는 후계세대처럼 여겨질 수 있지만 그의 철학적 기반은 분명 프레게이다. 더밋이 논리주의가 아닌 직관주의 계열에 합류한 사실의 속내는 구성주의 내부의 두 입장 (즉, 직관주의와 반실재론) 이 보이는 배중률을 둘러싼 태도의 드러난 일치뿐만 아니라 가려진 차이까지 헤아려질 때 해명될 수 있다고 본다. 본고는 이런 해명을 통해 구성주의 수학철학에 대한 이해도 한층 더할 수 있다는 판단에 따른 제안적 노력이다.