• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2011

To investigate a comparison of rice yield and quality by a utilization of green crops using barley and hairyvetch, this study was carried out in rice (Oryza sativa L.) organic cultivation field. Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC), and Non-Green crop (NGC) were treated in rice cultivation field. The results obtained as following: 1) Culm length and pancile length in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation were longer than organic cultivation but were not significant difference in all treatments. Yields of milled rice in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 90.3% and 95.9%, respectively. 2) Protein contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were by 5.7% lower than 6.6% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. Amylose contents in all treatment were similar as range 18.8% to 19.1%. Whiteness contents in Green barley crop (GBC) and Green barley+Green Hairyvetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly higher by 38.9% and 39.1%, respectively, than 37.7% in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 3) Palatability values in Barley harvest (BH) and Non-Green crop (NGC) were slightly higher by 82.0 and 83.8, respectively, than 77.6 in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation. 4) Head rice in Non-Green crop (NGC) was 95.5%, while that of Convention barley harvest (CBH), Green barley crop (GBC), and Green barley+Green Hairy-vetch crop (GB+HVC) were slightly low as range 93.8% to 94.2%. White core and belly rice in Convention barley harvest (CBH) cultivation was the highest level by 1.7%. 5) Leaf blast, neck blast, sheath blight, rice stem maggot, rice leaf roller, rice leaf-tier, and green rice leafhopper were occurred lightly in rice field.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.452-457
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to provide fundamental data on breeding cultivar and cultural technique to identify quality characterization according to damage degrees in rice when are damaged at low temperature. For induction of cold damage, we treated the irrigation water at $17^{\circ}C$ from the panicle formation stage to the heading date. The rice products were harvested by grades according to the sterility ratio and investigated 5 items of quality analysis including ripened grain ratio, brown/rough rice ratio, 1000 grain weight of brown rice, protein content, and amylose content. The quality analysis were characterized by each items according to the sterility ratio. As a result, the ripened grain ratio was y=1.0444x-7.6597($R^2=0.9874^{**}$), protein content was y=-0.046x+10.875 ($R^2=0.6973^*$), and head rice ratio was y=-0.2306x+104.32 ($R^2=0.634^*$), but the amylose content, brown/rough rice ratio and the milled/brown rice ratio were not significant. The rice plants, which injured by the low temperature, had bad influence in the yield and quality. Consequently, the breeding of rice cultivar and development of cultural technique are required to improve its cold tolerance.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 1986

The composition of glycolipids and phospholipids of milled rice grain were studied for four nonglutinous and two glutinous varieties grown in Korea. Main classes of the glycolipids were esterified sterylglycosides, monogalactosyl diglycerides, steryl glycosides, digalactosyl diglycerides and cerebrosides in both of nonglutinous and glutinous, and no differences in individual content of the classes between both varieties. Of the phospholipids, Iysophophatidyl cholines, phosphatidyl cholines, phosphatidyl ethanolamines, phosphatidyl inositols and phosphatidyl serines were the major components, comprising oveer 85% of this class, and smaller amounts of diphosphatidyl glycerols and phosphatidyl glycerols were present. There was significant differences individual content of the phospholipid classes between both varieties. The major fatty acids of glycolipids and phospholipids fractions were palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids in both of nonglutinous and glutinous varieties. But content of palmitic acid in glycolipids fraction and stearic, oleic and linoleic acids in phospholipids fraction showed significant differences between both varieties.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 1986

The lipids content and neutral lipid component of milled rice grain were studied for four nonglutionous and two glutinous varieties grown in Korea. The average total lipid contents in nonglutinous and glutinous varieties were 0.94% and 1.78% by dry weight basis, respectively. The ratios of neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid in the total lipid were 76.5 : 14.8 : 8.6 in the nonglutionous and 82.4 : 11.1 : 6.5 in the glutinous, respectively. Main classes of the neutral lipids were triglycerides, free fatty acids, steryl esters, free sterols, monoglycerids and diglycerides in both of nonglutinous and glutinous, and no significance was observed in the content of the classes between both varieties. The major fatty acid composition of total and neutral lipids were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids in both of nonglutinous and glutinous varieties.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.98-106
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• 1993

In this study, dietary fiber contents in cereals and pulses were determined by Mongeau-Brassard method to compare those to the AOAC officied method. The average total dietary fiber (TDF) contents by AOAC official method were 3% for cereals and 21% for pulses. The average ratios of soluble dietary fiber contents to TDF contents were 40% for cereals and 43% for pulses. The differences between TDF values (dry matter basis) by two methods were 0.1%-1.0% for cereals and 1.0-7.0% for pulses. The differences between two methods were caused by residual protein in fiber by Mongeau-Brassard method and by residual starch in fiber by AOAC official method. TDF\\error boundary values by Mongeau-Brassard method were little higher than those by AOAC official method. But seven foods except highly milled rice, brown rice and mungbean were F/Fc>1. Therefore, Mongeau-Brassard method was evaluated as precise as AOAC official method.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 1979

Degermed brown rice of Akibare (short grain) and Milyang 23 (medium grain) was abraded fiveconsecutive times to remove outer $5{\sim}6%$ of the kernel per milling. Samples were analyzed for calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine and riboflavin. Milled fraction I (about $5{\sim}6%$ of the kernel) contained 8 times as much calcium and phosphorus as did the original kernel; iron, $4{\sim}5$; thiamine, 3; and riboflavin, 4. Contents of fraction I were much greater than those in the residual kernel; 18 times as great for calcium; $32{\sim}36$ times for phosphorus; $5{\sim}10$ times for iron 5 times for thiamine; and $19{\sim}30$ times for riboflavin. Milyang 23 showed a steeper concentration gradient of calcium and riboflavin, but more even distribution of iron than did Akibare. There were no significant differences in phosphorus and thiamine gradients between the two rices.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 1988

The contents of minerals of the milled fractions of degermed Japonica and J/Indica brown rices were determined. The fraction I(about 4.4% of the kernel weight) contained 14.8 times as much sodium as did the original kernel; phosphorus, 5.7 times; potassium and iron, 5.4 times; magnesium, 4.2 times; calcium, 3.8 times; manganese, 3.7 times; Copper, 3.6 times; and Zinc, 2.3 times. Concentrations of these minerals were the lowest in the residual kernel, which contained less than the original brown rice. Sodium showed the most deepest concentration gradient, while iron was the most evenly distributed within the kernel in all samples.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to determine the optimum planting density for rice pot seedling cultivation in wheat-rice double cropping system in Honam plain area. A mid-late maturing rice variety 'Chinnong' was raised in pot seedling tray and conventional tray for 30 days, and then transplanted on June 25 in 2012 and 2013. Four different planting densities (15.2, 18.9, 21.6, and 25.3 hills per $m^2$) in pot seedlings were applied as treatment. Conventional tray seedling was implicated as control at a single planting density of 27.8 hills per $m^2$. In this experiment, the number of effective tillers was increased as planting density increasing, but stem diameter was decreased. Pot seedling showed higher stem diameter and effective tillers than the control. Heading dates of pot seedling plots were not significantly different between the planting densities but 2 days faster than the control. Culm length, number of panicles, panicle length, and ripening grain ratio were higher in pot seedling compared to the control, but 1000-grain weight showed no significant difference. Milled rice yields in pot seedlings ranged from 5.19 to $5.43\;t\;ha^{-1}$, and the highest yield was observed in 21.6 hills per $m^2$. Head rice ratios in pot seedlings and the controls were not significantly different. Above results on planting density of rice pot seedling cultivation would be applicable to wheat-rice double cropping and also to late transplanting cultivation of rice single cropping.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 1993

This study was conducted to establish a safe cultivation technique of rice in the area irrigated with polluted water. The changes of water and grain quality were investigated in the two paddy soils which are located in the adjacent of Geumho river in 1991. The results obtained in this study are as follows : 1. The qualities of irrigation water were shown to be in the range of 6.7~7.4 in pH, 21.3~52.8ppm in COD. 3.2~5.3ppm in $NH_4-N$ and 1.6~6.0ppm in $PO_4$, respectively. Concentration of COD and $NH_4-N$ were over the standard levels. Therefore, the water pollution was mainly caused by organic waste matters. 2. Ranges of the Soil pH of Gyeongsan and Gyuam series were 5.6~6.0, 6.1~6.3 respectively. The contents of avaiable $P_2O_5$ and $SiO_2$ were high in the silicate treatment plots among other plots. 3. Degree of irrigation water pollution of Geumho river showed the highest peak in June. 4. Plant height, number of panicle and yield of rice grain were not decreased by the diminution of nitrogen fertilizer application. 5. The $Mg/(K{\times}N)$ ratio and Gel consistency of milled rice were increased in the nitrogen decreasing plot, but the alkali digestability value and protein content were decreased. Therefore, it was desirable to decrease the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1985

The objective of this study was to attest the feasibility of the utilization of the blast furnace slag, quenched with water as a source of silicate fertilizer. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of quenched slag and its particle size distribution on rice plant growth over the corresponding air-cooled slag of milled commercial silicate fertilizer. The yields of rice were slightly higher in quenched slag than in the commericial air-cooled slag, however, no significant statistical difference was observed. The silica content of rice plants through the growing period was high in quenched slag in any tested particle sizes. This indicated that the quenched slag might release silica fastly in soil. On the other hand, the available silica content retained in soil was high in air cooled slag, which implied that the silica of air-cooled slag was low acting. The results suggested that the quenched slag may be potentially utilized as a source of silicate fertilizer.