• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2011

Access to health care is complicated to define. It is a multidimensional process. In addition to the matters of quality of care, geographical accessibility and availability of the right type of care, finance, and acceptability are all involved. The purposes of this paper are to measure the geographic distances between patient residency locations and health service organizations in which the patients hadvisited, and to investigate the association between geographical distance measures and variables involved in health service utilization. The study used the first and the second wave of the 2008 Korea Health Panel Survey. The samples of analyses were patients who had visited outpatient or used ambulatory health services, and the total observations (visit numbers) analyzed were 229,128. We divided the samples into a frequent-visit illness group (Group 1) and a non-frequent visit illness group (Group 2) based on over 5,000 total visit numbers. We exploited three level analyses using xtmixed of STATA${\Box}$ 11.1 command with/without interaction terms among age, sex, and occupation. Geographical distances were measured using the Haversine method. Group 1 was tended to older and lower equivalent income than those of Group 2, but the geographic difference were not observed in terms of area deprivation index and standard mortality ratios. Amongst group 1, diabetes mellitus patients travelled far to visit health care organizations, and arthritis patients were more deprived in terms of the personal and areal characteristics. The study revealed that residents in rural areas traveled about 10 times more long distances than those whom lived in larger cities after adjusting for various variables, which we used for analyses. This study contributed to the practical understanding of health service utilizations using empirical analyses, and found that the types of diseases and socioeconomic characteristics of patients tended to define the amount of travel distance to healthcare organizations.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.340-359
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• 1994

This study intends to describe the characteristics of the transformation of the rural society by tracing the changing social and economic processes of traditional clan villiage (Yeolmi-ri, Silchon-myeon, Kwangju-gun, Kyunggi-province) in the suburbs of Seoul Metropolitan Area. Rural society has experienced serious change of the social structure by the ever expanding urbanization and industrialization since 1960's. The suburbs of Seoul Metropolitan Area is the representative case area of such transformation. This study analyzed various chracteristics of population structure of a villiage, the processes of residential movement and the occupational shift of each household of the villiage in terms of household's life-history collected by interviewing with each household. And the whole households of a villiage is divided by two groups of the native clan group and the non-dan in-migrant group. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) This villiage is located within a lineal distance of 40km and a time distance of about 30 to 40 minutes, adjoined dy the Joongbu(중부) national highway, the Kyungchoong (경충) industrial road, the local road between Yangpyuna(양평) and Gonjiam(곤지암) and having a advantageous iocational linkage to Seoul capital city. 2) It is a typical traditional dan villiae constituted of dan family Gu(구) one of whose ancestors had appointed to the prime minister of Chosun Dynasty, and until 1979, 56 out of 60 families of the villiage households were clan families. 3) Since 1979, as the villiage invaded by the out-movement of the small scale manufacturing industries from Seoul capital city, labours moved in this vallige from outside and increased villiage size up to 203 households in 1993, consequently the constitutional proportion between the native clan group and the non-clan in-migrant group was reversed up to 28% vs 72% deepening the sociological heterogeneity. 4) Because of the small scale of industries in this villiage and the vicinity with the city of Seoul, the population turnover of this villiage is very high. The turnover frequency is firstly high within same administrative district of gun(군) level and secondly high between this villiage and the city of Seoul. Thus short-distance movement is identified. 5) There is a close correlation between the residential movement and the occupational shift. The most numbers of non-farm native group have the experiences of migration while the members of native farming group don't shift both the job and the place of residence. The inmigrant group had several migration experiences but few occupational shifts. Thus occupatioanl shift is high for the native group while residential shift is high for the in-migrant group. It is concluded that the change proceeded in Metropolitan suburbs was not directed to form the traditional rural village as 'gesund Gebiet' with respect to the ballance among the economic, cultural and environmental adequency.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.478-485
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• 2018

저어새(Platalea minor)는 세계자연보전연맹(IUCN)에서 발표한 RedList에 Endangered(EN)로 지정되어 있으며, 2016년 기준으로 3,356개체가 생존하는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 또한 저어새 번식 개체군의 70% 이상은 한국 서해안에서 번식하며, 대만, 중국, 홍콩 등지에서 월동하는 것으로 알려져 있으나 한국을 비롯하여 동아시아 지역에서 저어새의 장거리 이동과 남하 시 서식지에 대한 연구는 현재까지 거의 이루어지지 않은 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 야생동물위치추적기(WT-200, GPS-Mobile phone based telemetry, KoEco)를 이용하여 저어새의 이동 경로와 분포, 중간기착지 및 월동지를 밝히고자 하였다. 위치추적기는 2014년 6월 말 한국의 번식지에서 저어새 유조를 포획하여 부착했다. 추적 결과, 저어새의 남하시기는 10월 말에서 11월 초로 나타났으며, 월동지까지의 이동 거리는 최소 746km, 최대 1,820 km로 평균 1,201 km이었다. 하루 최대 이동 거리는 1,479 km이었으며, 평균 782 km이었다. 월동지까지 이동소요 기간은 평균 10일이었으며, 가장 짧은 기간은 2일이었고 가장 긴 기간은 34일이었다. 대부분의 개체들은 2~3개의 중간기착지를 이용하였으며, 1~2일을 머물렀으며, 주요 중간기착지는 강, 하천, 저수지, 갯벌과 같은 습지였다. 월동지는 중국 해안 지역(5개체), 중국 내륙 지역(1개체), 대만(3개체), 일본(1개체)등 으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 저어새의 이동경로 상에 있는 국가 간의 협의와 보호정책을 통해 이들이 주로 이용하는 중간기착지 및 월동지역을 보전할 필요가 있으며, 향후 지속적인 모니터링과 추가연구를 통해 체계적인 보전대책 및 활동계획 등이 수립되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.901-909
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• 2021

모바일 기기는 그 자체가 가지고 있는 연산 자원이 제한적이기 때문에 클라우드를 활용하여 컴퓨팅하거나 데이터를 저장하는 경향이 있다. 5G로 인해 실시간성이 중요해 짐에 따라, 중앙 클라우드보다 사용자에게 더 가까운 위치에서 컴퓨팅하는 엣지 클라우드에 관한 많은 연구가 수행되었다. 사용자가 현재 연결된 기지국의 엣지 클라우드와 물리적인 거리가 멀어질수록 네트워크 전송 속도가 느려지게 된다. 따라서 원활한 서비스 이용을 위해서는 가까운 엣지 클라우드로 애플리케이션을 마이그레이션 한 뒤 재실행해야 한다. 우리는 호스트 운영 체제와 독립적이며, 가상 머신에 비해 이미지 크기가 상대적으로 가벼운 도커 컨테이너에서 애플리케이션을 실행한다. 기존의 마이그레이션 연구는 네트워크 시뮬레이터를 사용하여 실험하였다. 시뮬레이터는 고정된 값을 사용하기 때문에 실제 환경에서의 결괏값과는 차이점이 발생한다. 또한, 공유 저장소를 통해 이미지를 마이그레이션 하는 방식을 사용하였는데, 이는 패킷 내용 노출에 대한 위험을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 실제 환경에서 엣지 컴퓨팅 환경을 구현하여 데이터 암호화 전송방식인 안전 복사(Secure CoPy) 방식으로 컨테이너를 마이그레이션 한다. 공유 저장소 방식 중 하나인 네트워크 파일 시스템(Network File System)과 마이그레이션 시간을 비교하고 안전성 확인을 위해 네트워크 패킷을 분석한다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1697-1699
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• 2008

The purpose of tissue engineering is to repair or replace damaged tissues or organs by a combination of cells, scaffold, suitable biochemical and physio-chemical factors. Among the three components, the biodegradable scaffold plays an important role in cell attachment and migration. In this study, we designed 3D porous scaffold by Rapid Prototyping (RP) system and fabricated layer-by-layer 3D structure using Polycarprolactone (PCL) - one of the most flexible biodegradable polymer. Furthermore, the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated by changing the pore size and the strand diameter of the scaffold. We changed nozzle diameter (strand diameter) and strand to strand distance (pore size) to find the effect on the mechanical property of the scaffold. And the surface morphology, inner structure and storage modulus of PCL scaffold were analyzed with SEM, Micro-CT and DMA.

• 지역연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-45
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• 1998

Urban quality of life(QOL) is recently considered as the important determinant of inter-urban migration and industrial location chice. However, there is little concensus in the method of measurement of QOL. This study provides an theoretical framework of the measurement of QOL. This study provides an theoretical framework of the measurement of QOL, and developes a new method, a multi-year$\cdot$mulit-dimensional distance index model. Based on the theoretical framework and the method, the QOLs of 74 urban areas in Korea are measured, and the determinants of the QOL and the changes of the QOL between two years of 1993 and 1995 are analyzed. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1) The interurban differences of the QOL tens to be interban differences of the QOL tend to be intensified over time. 2) The OQLs of the cities in the Capital Region are relatively deteriorated. 3) The conditions of education$\cdot$Culture$\cdot$leisure life determiner over 65% of the QOL of the Korean cities.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2004

This paper presents a framework for the self-organization of swarm systems based on coupled nonlinear oscillators (CNOs). In this scheme, multiple agents in a swarm self-organize to flock and arrange themselves as a group using CNOs, which are able to keep a certain distance by the attractive and repulsive forces among different agents. A theoretical approach of flocking behavior by CNOs and a design guideline of CNO parameters are proposed. Finally, the formation scenario for cooperative multi-agent groups is investigated to demonstrate group behaviors such as aggregation, migration, homing and so on. The task for each group in this scenario is to perform a series of processes such as gathering into a whole group or splitting into two groups, and then to return to the base while avoiding collision with agents in different groups and maintaining the formation of each group.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2022년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.114-116
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• 2022

The advent of the Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm allows mobile users to offload resource-intensive and delay-stringent services to nearby servers, thereby significantly enhancing the quality of experience. Due to erratic roaming of mobile users in the network environment, maintaining maximum quality of experience becomes challenging as they move farther away from the serving edge server, particularly due to the increased latency resulting from the extended distance. The services could be migrated, under policies obtained using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) techniques, to an optimal edge server, however, this operation incurs significant costs in terms of service downtime, thereby adversely affecting service quality of experience. Thus, this study addresses the service mobility problem of deciding whether to migrate and where to migrate the service instance for maximized migration benefits and marginal service downtime.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2023

The pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a synovial pannus that comprises proliferating and invasive fibroblast-like synoviocytes, infiltrating inflammatory cells, and an associated neoangiogenic response. Animal models have been established to study these pathological features of human RA. Spontaneous and induced animal models of RA primarily reflect inflammatory aspects of the disease. Among various induced animal models, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) models are widely used to study the pathogenesis of RA. Improved transplantation techniques for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse models of RA can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of potential therapeutics in human tissues and cells. This review provides basic information on various animal models of RA, including CIA and CAIA. In addition, we describe a SCID mouse coimplantation model that can measure the long-distance migration of human RA synoviocytes and cartilage destruction induced by these cells.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2007

Objective : Adipose tissue is derived from the embryonic mesoderm and contains a heterogenous stromal cell population. Authors have tried to verify the characteristics of stem cell of adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and to investigate immunohistochemical findings after transplantation of ADSC into rat brain to evaluate survival, migration and differentiation of transplanted stromal cells. Methods : First ADSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue and induced adipose, osseous and neuronal differentiation under appropriate culture condition in vitro and examined phenotypes profile of human ADSCs in undifferentiated states using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical study. Human ADSCs were transplanted into the healthy rat brain to investigate survival, migration and differentiation after 4 weeks. Results : From human adipose tissue, adipose stem cells were harvested and subcultured for several times. The cultured ADSCs were differentiated into adipocytes, osteoctye and neuron-like cell under conditioned media. Flow cytometric analysis of undifferentiated ADSCs revealed that ADSCs were positive for CD29, CD44 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD117 and HLA-DR. Transplanted human ADSCs were found mainly in cortex adjacent to injection site and migrated from injection site at a distance of at least 1 mm along the cortex and corpus callosum. A few transplanted cells have differentiated into neuron and astrocyte. Conclusion : ADSCs were differentiated into multilineage cell lines through transdifferentiation. ADSCs were survived and migrated in xenograft without immunosuppression. Based on this data, ADSCs may be potential source of stem cells for many human disease including neurologic disorder.