• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.369-378
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• 2002

The washing and cleaning the clothing has been considered one of the hardest task of house chores to house wife. It is still big drudgery of house keeping in the so-called high tech society. General statistics says the efforts for better washing condition has developed in minimal. It is hard task as it was before. This study is focusing the appliances for the labor reduction have developed favorably to work more effectively. In the context of home mechanization, it is very important to explore the process of the invent, development and design of washing machine. Another point of view for the washing machine is that it is one of the household artifacts, and we witness a specific character by analyzing how it was evolved. Research shows the invention, innovation, improvement and modification of the washing machine by areas and companies such as Miele and Maytag, where present established washing machine manufacturers around on Europe and USA.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

In this work, we present the catalytic dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane $N_2H_4BH_3$ (HB) using supported nickel catalysts at $50^{\circ}C$. In the presence of monometallic nickel catalysts, the dehydrogenation of HB is a one-step reaction consisting of the hydrolysis of the $BH_3$ group only. The challenge is to activate nickel to make it reactive towards the $N_2H_4$ moiety of HB. A set of 52 catalysts were prepared by using 2 supports ($Al_2O_3$ and $TiO_2$), 5 nickel precursors and 3 preparation methods. For the first time, we show that the supported nickel catalysts are able to dehydrogenate the $NH_3$ moiety of HB. In our experimental conditions, the best results were obtained with 20 wt% Ni-$Al_2O_3$ and 20 wt% Ni-$TiO_2$, with ca. 190 mL $H_2+N_2$ generated over a total theoretical volume of 283 mL, suggesting $H_2$ selectivity of 37 and 32%, respectively. Both catalysts were then characterized by EDX, XPS, and XRD. Our achievement is the first step forward and opens new perspectives for developing catalysts for the total dehydrogenation of HB.