• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to lay the foundation that middle aged woman takes care of more healthy, beautiful, attractive external features and prepares successful ageing on studying a difference of recognition between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype after we examine an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype in the object of about $40{\sim}50$ middle-aged woman, dwells in Seoul, is the main group of a home consumption socially. The result of comparing a difference between an actual somatotype and an ideal somatotype was showing that in case of a facial form, the group which their faces are an egg-shaped prefers an egg-shaped and the group which their faces are a round-shaped prefers a round-shaped. In case of a silhouette, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a shoulder's type, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a shoulder-waist line, all groups prefers a Y line most. In case of a breast's form, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a back's form, all groups prefer a normal type most. In case of a buttocks' form, all groups prefers a normal type most. In case of a leg's form, all groups prefers a normal type most. On putting together research result as yet, middle aged women wish a similar somatotype irrespective of an age, an obesity measurement and this means a recognition of making an effort to be beautiful is alike. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize a somatotype of middle aged women uprightly and it must be accomplished a continuous, systematic consultation and education about a weight-control on exercising and not to mention of making a desirable eating habit.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.177-199
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine generational differences between the youth and the middle-aged in attitude and voluntary behavior toward the elderly, to analyze the socio-demographic and psychological characteristics influencing attitude and behavior toward the elderly, and to find out whether the attitude of the youth and the middle-aged toward the elderly was the decisive factor in their behavior toward them. For this study, we surveyed 252 youth (between the ages of 20 and 30) and 314 middle-aged people (between the ages of 40 and 60). The major results were as follows: First, the psychological factor had a stronger influence on the positive attitude toward the elderly than did the socio-demographic factor. The psychological factor had an especially significant impact on the attitude of the middle-aged population. Second, youths' attitude toward the elderly influenced their behavior toward them; whereas, for the middle-aged, the socio-demographic characteristic was a decisive factor. Third, the youths' area of residence was an important factor in their attitude toward the elderly; the youth in the metropolitan area had a more negative attitude than did their counterpart. Therefore, it is necessary to develop programs to improve the negative attitude toward the elderly for the youth residing in the metropolitan area. The middle-aged need more easily accessible voluntary work programs by which a positive attitude toward the elderly leads to immediate action.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.136-148
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• 1998

This is a study on the change of the Medievalmen's underclothes. Underclothing includes all such articles, worn by either sex, as were completely or mainly concealed from the spectator by the external costume. Throughout the Middle Ages, the underclothing of both sexes possessed characteristic inherited from earlier times. Its function was purely utilitarian. It was not used to express class distinction and only very indirectly to enhance sex attraction. The idea of underclothes was associated with the idea of the body's sinfulness. Underclothes could also symbolize the discipline of humility. To appear clad only in underclothes was a voluntary form of selfabasement often practised by pilgrims. The notion that underclothes might express the spirit of the changing times, in sympathy with the outer clothing, did not enter the medieval mind. The length of the shirt was less than that of the modern garment, especially after the middle of the fourteenth century. The sleeves were somewhat full, without cuffs, and cut straight. During the second half of the twelfth century, when braies become definitely an undergarment. In the fourteenth century braies became shorter and shorter and the shirt could no longer be tucked in but hung outside over the thighs. After 1340 the costume on the surface somewhat resembling modern 'tights', began to reveal display the shape of the male leg as a form of sex attraction. By the close of the Middle Ages, braies had become less like loincloths, and more like modern bathing trunks. The peasant and laborer did not attempt to keep pace with the changes of fashion but, continued, as a rule, to wear the long braies of their forefathers. The higher ranks how this garment reflected the changes of the mode of outer costumes.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.156-168
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• 1993

This paper has two purpose. The primary purpose is to investigate how the middle ages women of Korea describe their own masculinity femininity and gender role identity. Secondary purpose is to find out how the masculine and the feminine are related to socio demographic feature and physical symptom. The questionaire sheets of 327 use from middle aged woman of 39 years to 59 years old with their last child is more than 10 years old. The summerized results of study are as follows: 1) The overall tendency in gender role identity of middle aged women. the undifferentiated type(36.70%) was the most and have shown the androgynous type(30.58%) by the next. 2) The employed middle aged women inducated higher masculinity than the unemployed middle aged women and felt the lesser physical symptoms conciousness. In case of occupation of husband is higher social status the femininity was higher the others. and in the group has not daughter or shorter marital period the femininity was higher.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제23호
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• pp.37-61
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• 2011

노(能)는 일본을 대표하는 전통연극으로 불교, 신도(神道), 수험도(修驗道)와 같은 종교사상을 배경으로 하여 성립하였다. 이 중에서도 중세시대에 널리 확산되어 있던 수험도로부터 받은 영향은 현저하다. 수험도라는 종교사상을 배경으로 성립한 대표적인 노가<다니코(곡행(谷行))>이다. <다니코>의 내용 분석을 통해 중세의 수험문화, 특히 산악수행자인 야마부시(산복(山伏))의 수행의 단면을 엿볼 수 있다는 점에서 이 곡이 갖는 가치는 매우 크다. 본고에서는 이제까지의 <다니코>의 선행연구에서 간과되어 왔던 야마부시의 수행에 초점을 두고 수험도의 세계관이 노에 있어서 어떤 방식으로 극화되었는지를 구체적으로 살펴보았다. 동시에 다니코에 있어서의 아쟈리와 동자의 관계에 착목하여 중세문화의 특징이라 할 수 있는 치고(치아(稚児))문화의 투영이라는 새로운 해석을 시도하였다. 노<다니코>는 소년 와카마츠(약송(若松))가 어머니의 병환치유를 위해 스승을 쫓아 가즈라키산(갈성산(葛城山))에 입산하여 수행하던 차에 병에 걸리자, 야마부시 일행에 의해 '다니코(곡행(谷行))'를 당하게 되었지만, 결국에는 야마부시 일행의 기도로 다시 소생한다는 이야기이다. 다니코는 병든 수행자를 계곡에 던지고 그 위에 토사나 돌을 덮어 산채로 매장하는 형법을 말한다. 노<다니코>의 제목도 바로 이 수험도의 형법에서 유래한 것이다.<다니코>는 수험도의 역사를 배경으로 하여 야마부시의 수행과 행법·와카마츠의 효심·치고 문화 등을 크로스 시키면서 일본중세의 사회문화의 특징을 조화롭게 담아낸 작품이다. 가혹한 형법을 소재로 하여 난행과 고행의 연속인 야마부시의 입산수행의 어려움을 리얼하게 표현하고 있어 당시의 입산수행의 단면을 엿볼 수 있다. 수험도의 본질인 입산수행은 생명의 재생, 생명의 탄생을 의미하며, 심산에서의 고행을 통해 새로운 탄생에 이른다고 관념되어 왔다. 이러한 수험도를 이끌어 온 것은 산악수행에 의해 신령스런 힘을 획득한 야마부시라고 할 수 있다. 그들의 활동은 산에 한정되지 않고, 사토(리(里))에 있어서의 서민의 신앙과도 깊게 관련되어 있었기 때문에 수험도는 일본의 민속·문화의 특징을 찾는데 있어서 불가결의 요소라고 할 수 있다. 가혹한 다니코 형법에 의해 자칫 유쾌하지 않은 인상으로 끝나버릴 작품이었지만, 소생이라는 대반전을 통해 효심에 의한 미담을 담은 노로 분위기가 전환되었다. 작가가 설정한 와카마츠의 소생이라는 극적효과는 본래 수험도가 본질적으로 추구하고 있었던 재탄생의 구조에서 힌트를 얻은 것으로 보인다. 한편, 이제까지 노<다니코>에 있어서의 스승 아쟈리와 와카마츠의 관계를 치고 문화와 관련시켜 지적한 논문은 없었다. 이 작품의 어느 부분에서도 '치고'라는 단어를 쓰지 않았지만, 중세의 관객들은 당시에 만연했던 치고 문화에 대한 이해 하에 아쟈리와 와카마츠가 치고 관계라는 공통된 인식을 가지고 있었을 것이다. 노를 온전히 이해하기 위해서는 당시의 사회적 종교적 문화의 기반에 대한 이해가 선행되어야 한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.230-243
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyse the body sizes of $7{\sim}12$ years elementary school girls and also to categorize KS size dimensions by the detailed information of ages and body shapes. For the study, the data of SizeKorea(2004) was analysed. Height, bust, waist, hip, the ratio of waist to height and hip to height were significant between age groups, but the ratio of bust to height was not. Therefore, the increase of bust size was resulted in growth of bust circumference, instead of bust volume. In the same height group, over 11 year girls had smaller waist, while over 12 year girls had bigger hip. For Grouping girls by ages and body shapes, the ages were divided into 2 groups, under 10 years old and 11 to 12 years old. The body shapes classified into 3 groups 'Stout-shape', 'Middle-shape', and 'slim-shape', by the ratios of bust to height and hip to height. 'Stout-shape' was significantly big at the almost sizes, but 'Middle-shape' was significantly big at only circumferences, not lengths. In addition, drop(the difference between bust and hip) and lower-drop(the difference between waist and hip) were in inverse proportion to the ratios of bust to height and hip to height. It meant the increases of bust-ratio and hip-ratio of 'Stout-shape' were resulted in overweight, rather than female matureness. The distribution of sizes over 0.5% were grouped for grading system and the subtotal percentiles of each group were calculated for industrial data. The groups which covered more than 10% of consumers were 2 to 6 and the 1 or 2 groups for 'Stout-shape' were also observed, so that children's ready-to wear companies could use them efficiently for their own consumer target.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

구례지역에서 공룡알과 공룡뼈가 보고된 백악기 토금층의 퇴적시기와 공룡의 활동시기를 밝히기 위하여 그 층의 하부와 상부에 해당하는 화산암류에 대하여 K-Ar법 절대연대측정 연구를 수행했다. 토금층의 하부에 분포하는 금정리역암층에 포함된 화산암역을 대상으로 6개의 시료에 대하여 K-Ar 전암연대 측정을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 전기 백악기의 앞티안($118.3{\pm}2.3Ma$), 알비안($103.6{\pm}2.0$, $102.5{\pm}2.0$, $99.9{\pm}1.9Ma$)에 속한다. 토금층을 덮는 안산암과 반상안산암에 대하여 동일 조건으로 절대연대를 측정하였으며 그 결과는 후기 백악기의 캄파니안($83.9{\pm}1.6$, $74.2{\pm}1.5Ma$)에 속한다. 야외증거와 절대연대측정 결과를 근거로 토금층의 퇴적시기와 공룡의 활동시기는 84-100 Ma 사이이다. 이 결과는 공룡알을 포함하는 보성 선소층의 퇴적시기(81 Ma)와 공룡, 익룡 및 물갈퀴 새발자국을 포함하는 해남 우항리층의 퇴적시기(79-81 Ma), 압해도지역에 분포하는 수각류 공룡알둥지의 형성시기(77-83 Ma)에 비교하면 다소 오래되었을 가능성을 시사한다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.203-210
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• 1996

더덕 뿌리 내에 함유되어 있는 항산화효소를 생육환경에 따라 조사하기 위하여 경북 서벽지역의 1 2년생 밭더덕, 야생더덕 및 논에서 재배되는 1 2년생 더덕을 채취하여 사용하였고, 부위별 비교는 각 더덕 뿌리를 upper, middle, low로 나누어서 사용하였다. 이들을 O radical caseade인 SOD, POD, CAT activity를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. SOD 활성은 밭재배조건의 경우 1년생보다는 2년생이, 논재배시는 1년생이 2년생보다는 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, 야생종의 비활성이 96069u/mg protein으로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 부위별로 비교해보면 재배종은 upper>middle>lower 순으로 논재배시는 low>upper>middle 순으로 야생종은 middle>lower, upper 순으로 생육환경에 따라 차이를 나타내었다. 2. POD 비활성(u/mg protein)은 년근수가 높을수록 활성은 증가하며, 야생지역이 68 u/mg protein로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 부위별로는 middle>lower>upper 순으로 활성이 나타났으며, 서벽야생의 middle 부분이 85 u/mg protein를 나타내었다. 3. CAT 활성은 POD 활성과는 달리 년근수가 낮을수록 높게 나타났으며 밭재배지와 야생지의 활성은 비슷하며 논재배지는 상대적으로 그 활성이 낮았다. 부위별로는 upper>low>middle 순으로 upper 부위가 상당히 높은 활성을 나타내며, 서벽재배 1년생의 upper가 53.59 u/mg protein으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 4. MS1D(MS+2.4-D 1ppm)에 배양한 배양세포의 항산화효소의 활성은 CAT는 1564, POD는 30, SOD는 22200 u/mg protein로 생체에 비해 낮은 활성을 나타내었다.

• 복식
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2002

For the purpose of providing basic data for the development of size specifications for middle-aged women in Busan, one dimensional measurements were made with the subjects. ranging 45 to 59 in age. The following are the conclusions : 1) According to ages, the middle and elder groups of the middle-aged women shared similar body types, having shorter height, more lowered bust. and increased upper-body depth and girth factors, compared with the earlier middle-aged women group. But the thigh girth of the elder middle-aged group (age: 55∼59) was the lowest, maybe owing to the aged lower-body muscles. 2) In the comparison with national averages. armhole girth, elbow girth, wrist girth. back waist length, side neck point-B.P.-waist line, and sleeve length showed great differences. This is problematic in that the national size standards fail to reflect each legion\`s peculiar body type characteristics. 3) Even though body types were classified according to drop value criteria suggested by KS specifications, 23.05% did not belong to the criteria. They were thus classified as A, N, and H body types, following the distribution of the present experiment. 4) In consideration of the economy factor of the production and sales of the clothes industry, the combinations of height and chest garth for the middle-aged Busan women were as follows: 155cm-85cm (Body Type A) 150cm-88cm (Body Type N), and 155cm-94cm (Body Type H).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.265-273
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• 1999

Elderly Koreans living in Muju Gun, Jeonbuk were divided into two groups with ages(65~74 years old group & over 75 years old group) and surveyed with questionnaire to investigate their dietary status and those factors affected with ages. The score of food habit in both sexes showed a falling tendency as their ages increased. Compared with elderly men, elderly women showed lower quality of diet. Elderly Korean were more consumed cereals and green vegetables than milk, egg, meat & fish, seaweed and fats & oils. As education level increased, the food habit score showed a rising tendency. The correlation coefficient between the score of food habit and education level was positive in illiterate and school graduates. The score of food habit of living together with their family was higher than those of living alone or living with their spouse. As household income increased, the food habit score showed a rising tendency. In the case of self consciousness of socioeconomic status was middle, food habit score is higher than those of very low. Dental status of eldery people did not affect food habit score. Palatability showed no significant correlation with age. Elderly Koreans prefered sweet taste than salty, sour, and bitter taste.