• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.72-75
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• 2016

Lichen planus is a chronic disease characterized by bilateral and multiple lesions on the skin or oral mucosa. Lichen planus is caused by immune mediated degeneration along the border between epithelium and connective tissue. The incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients diagnosed with oral lichen planus (OLP) is reported to be between 0.4%-5.6% in different studies and the World Health Organization has categorized lichen planus as "a potentially malignant disorder". However, the correlation between OLP and oral cancer still remains controversial as some reported that the reason for increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in OLP patient is misdiagnosis of dysplastic lesion as OLP. This report aims to discuss the correlation between OLP and oral cancer through a case of middle aged woman diagnosed with OLP who was successfully treated but developed squamous cell carcinoma 8 years later.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 878 retired women in their 50s and 60s across the country using the 7th data from the National Pension Service's KReiS. We used SPSS WIN 18.0, and the analysis results are as follows. First, there were many highly educated people in their 50s or older and those in their 60s and undereducated. Second, families in their 50s had the largest number of members with more than three, while households in their 60s had the largest number of two. Third, both age groups chose themselves and their spouses as responsibilities for preparing for retirement. In addition, more people in their 60s chose the government as their responsibility for preparing for retirement than in their 50s. Both people in their 50s and 60s say they are "not prepared" to prepare for retirement expenses, raising concerns about elderly poverty. Fourth, economic strength, health, and medical care were important for retirement in both age groups as part of their preparations for retirement, and they chose economic strength, health, medical care and job as the things to do in society. Fifth, both people in their 50s and 60s have very low public and private pension subscription rates, requiring special attention from the government and society to their old age. Judging from the above results, both women in their 50s and 60s have retired, but preparations for retirement are very insufficient. Therefore, the government and society need to strengthen the public pension system and create jobs for the elderly.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.156-160
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• 2022

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a condition in which condylar movement is restricted because of fibrous or bony union between the mandibular condyle and temporal bone. TMJ ankylosis is most often caused by trauma, followed by systemic or local infection, and secondary to unknown causes. Diagnostic imaging plays a vital role in diagnosing TMJ ankylosis and establishing a treatment plan. Computed tomography (CT) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is currently the imaging technique of choice to accurately demonstrate preoperative ankylosing masses and other surgically important findings, such as the shape of the mandibular condyle and the pathological changes in the joint. The osseous changes in the mandibular condyle are easily identified in the coronal and sagittal sections of CT or CBCT images. This report describes the case of a middle-aged woman who developed TMJ ankylosis of the left TMJ while undergoing repeated treatment for TMJ disease. We report the findings observed on radiographic and CBCT images through continuous observation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 2008

Purpose: The objective of this study is anthropometric analysis of mouth and lower face of Korean. The relationship of soft-tissue to underlying bony structures determine the overall aesthetics of the face. The goal of aesthetic surgery of the face is to achieve the ideal normal and enhance the aging face. The purpose of present study was to determine the change of the morphology of the mouth and lower face based on soft-tissue landmarks according to age group to facilitate prediction during aesthetic surgery. Methods: The standardized photographs of 2,018 healthy volunteers(18 to 79 years of age; 1,070 males, 948 females) were investigated. Age groups were classified into young, middle-aged, and elderly groups. Five and seven items were measured on frontal and lateral view photographs, respectively. Individual dimensions were compared in the three age groups and between males and females. Results: The width of mouth is 4.5 times larger than that of philtrum. Most of measured data decreased with age. However, woman's lip width of the mouth somewhat increased from the young to elderly. The width of lower face is 2.5 times larger than mouth in young age group and increased slightly from the young to middle-aged and thereafter slightly decreased to elderly group. Upper lip was more higher than lower lip and male lip was more higher than female. But male and female lip height is similar at old age. Conclusion: Most of Koreans showed prominent lower face because of the development or protrusion of the mandible. And the descent of soft-tissue around the mouth was one of the significant characteristics of senile change. The posterior retrusion of the subnasal was an another characteristic. This study will help to elucidate the age-related dimensional differences of the human being and to provide useful information for clinical applications in oral and aesthetic surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.3 s.43
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• pp.181-195
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were to investigate 1) the effect of body exposure and color of a woman's suit on the perception of modesty, and 2) the effect of perceiver's sex and age on impression formed by the function of clothing variables. The instrument of this study consisted of a response scale and stimuli. Thirteen items of 7-point semantic differential scales were developed to measure the perceiver's impression on wearer's modesty. Stimuli were color pictures of a model wearing one of 8 types of suit constructed by a 2 $\times$ 2 $\times$ 2 factorial design. The manipulation of each level of the clothing variables were: color of the suit by black and red, leg exposure by varying skirt lengths to a Chanel-line and mini skirt, and neck exposure by shirt collar blouse and scarf. Two models, representing typical female college students living in Seoul, were selected to eliminate model effect. The sample include 384 subjects, consisting of 4 groups of male and female college students and middle aged men and women. Eight experimental groups were randomly assigned to one of eight stimuli based on between-subject design. One half of each group responded to model 1 and the other half to model 2 of same stimulus. Responses to the semantic differential scales were factor analyzed (pc model, Varimax rotation) to identify factors constructing impression of modesty. Two factors emerged regard­less of subgroups; Elegance and Extroversion factor. The first factor was found to be dominant, accounting for 60 percent of the total variance. The other accounted for just 11 percent. Multidimensional ANOVA (5-way, 3-way) was conducted to test the effect of the clothing variables against two factors identified from the factor analysis. Leg exposure was the most powerful variable affecting the impression of Elegance and Extroversion factor for all per. ceiver subgroups. Neck exposure had primary effect on the impression of Elegance, whereas it partially influenced that of Extroversion. Color of suit had only partial effect on the impression of Extroversion. Hypothesis I was partially supported from the findings above. The effect of perceiver's age and sex on impression by the function of clothing variables was tested by comparing the result between four subgroups. In forming an impression of the wearer's modesty, male college students were least affected by the manipulation of clothing variables, while middle aged males were affected most. In the female groups, there was no age difference and they fell between the male groups in the degree to which they were affected. Hypothesis II was supported only by age difference in two male groups, and by sex difference in two student groups.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.307-322
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• 2017

Objectives: This study examined the effects of nutrition education focused on personalized daily energy requirement and food units using Food Exchange System on anthropometric, biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes for overweight and obese in a public health center. Methods: The subjects were 60 overweight/obese women based on BMI (educated 30 vs. non-educated 30, 50~64 years). Educated group was provided individual and/or group lessons (40 min/lesson/week, 5 week), 'Introduction: obese & health', '6 nutrients and 6 food groups', 'My obesity & daily needed energy', 'Meal planning for personalized daily energy and food units using Food Exchange Systems', and 'Smart food choices'. After education, we examined the differences in anthropometric/biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes between educated group and non-educated group. Results: After nutrition education, in the educated group, there were improvements on anthropometric/biochemical characteristics, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude and nutrient intakes in the educated group compared to the non-educated group. We observed a decrease in the mean weight, total cholesterol (TC) and the incidence of overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolemia and an increase in the mean lean body mass. The scores of nutrition knowledge, 'Function of carbohydrate, protein, vitamin, mineral' and 'Food Sources of fat, vitamin, mineral' were increased. The scores of dietary attitudes, 'Taking a joyful meal, a leisurely meal, a balanced meal, a meal with sufficient vegetables, a meal with diversity, a meal with spicy foods, a meal with overeating' were increased. The intakes of energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamin A, thiamin, Zn and cholesterol were decreased. The scores of INQ, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6, folate, Ca, P, Fe, Zn were increased. Conclusions: The nutrition education focused on personalized daily energy requirement and food exchange unit using Food Exchange System for overweight and obese may improve food behavior, dietary intakes and symptoms of overweight and obese, even in a community health center.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.181-205
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate some Influencing factors related to the wealth perception and property increase of 519 women in Seoul. The research was conducted from the end of February 15 to the beginning of January 20, 2009. The figures obtained were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, x-test, t-test, F-test, chi-square, and Duncan's F-test with SPSS pc+ The major findings of who study are summarized as follows: l.There were significant differences between the wealth recognition (economic plan affirmative and negative perception of wealth) for women according to social and psychological variables; economic plans have a higher value for married women, older women, those who have followed a postgraduate university course, those with higher income and expenditure, higher life satisfaction, and high and middle satisfaction with their economic life. In particular, economic plans varied significantly according to expectation of wealth in old age, and future economic prospects in the middle group. 2. Increased wealth and economic according to social and psychological variables (marital status, age, education, income, expenditure, life satisfaction, satisfaction with economic life, expectation of wealth in old age, future economic prospects) were shown to be associated with the following methods of increasing property: use of savings banks (p<.001) showed a rate of deposit of 20%-40% (p<.001) saving and thrift was a practice (p<001) that was related to the cost of living; and education expenditure (p<.001) as a property preparation period was exhibited in women aged 25-30 (p<.001). 3. There were significant differences in the recognition of wealth according to strategies for increasing wealth. There were no significant differences between mean of property acquisition and point of expenditure or the property preparation period in the perception of wealth. The related variables in rate of deposits were under 20% according to economic plan and negative wealth perception. In contrast, in the middle and high group, the economic plan and negative wealth perception were 20%-40% in relation to the rate of deposits. Variables related to the action of saving and thrift and property acquisition were practiced in the low and middle group of affirmative wealth recognition and the high group of negative wealth perception. The high group for wealthrecognition and the low group for wealthnegation exhibited little savings, thrift, and property accumulation. Those variables which point an expenditure the cost of living were education expenditure in all groups of negative wealth perception. The women in the study practiced more soundness economic planning according to their increased wealth and economic strategy. This study suggests that women should have positive wealth perception in their lives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1262-1272
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• 2009

The study is classifies the figures of obese women aged 20-50 with an over 25 BMI from the data of the fifth Size Korea in 2005. As the result of conducting the factor analysis for segmenting the shape, Factor 1, Factor 2, Factor 3, and Factor 4 are respectively derived as the factor on a volume, the factor on the size of the vertical direction, the factor on the shoulder region, and the factor on the body length balance. As the result of conducting the cluster analysis using 4 factors (scores extracted from the analysis of factor analysis) the body type of obese women was classified into four types. The name of shape was specified by combining 'P' (an abbreviation of petite) that indicated the height (smaller than 155cm) among the height names of KS standard, 'R' (abbreviation of regular) that indicated the height (155cm-165cm) and the body characteristics. Type 1 had the longest length, and normal circumference, thickness, and width but with the developed shoulder. Type 1 was classified as a robust, 'Plus-RH'. Type 2 had the middle height, the shortest length of the upper part, a relatively-long length of the lower part of body. Type 2 shows the characteristics of a small body that was classified as 'Plus-PI'. The most obese body was Type 3 that had the normal length and shoulder size but showed the longest length of the upper part of the body; it was classified as 'Plus-PO'. Type 4 as the small shape had a potbelly and showed the characteristics of the shortest body classified as 'Plus-Pb'.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2003

Hyalinizing trabecular adenoma of the thyroid gland is a rare benign neoplasm predominantly diagnosed in middle-aged women. Carney et al. first described this entity that may mimic paraganglioma, medullary carcinoma and papillary carcinoma in 1987. We describe cytologic and histopathologic features of a case of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma combined with occult papillary carcinoma in the opposite lobe. A 55-year-old woman presented with nontender palpable mass of the right neck for 6 months. The aspirate was cellular and contained small clusters and sheets of epithelial cells with abundant filamentous, vacuolated, and ill-defined cytoplasm. The nuclei were slightly pleomorphic and showed nuclear overlapping, nuclear grooves, and intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. Histologic examination showed hyalinizing trabecular adenoma in the right lobe and occult papillary carcinoma in the left lobe.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.11-24
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• 2005

대전에 소재하는 C 대학교 병원의 물리치료실에 2003년 5월 9일부터 2004년 10월 20일까지 내원한 환자들 중 견부 통증의 진단으로 치료를 받은 환자 가운데 중추신경계에 손상 병력이 없고, 치료사와 의사소통이 가능한 인지 능력을 가졌으며, 실험에 참가하기로 동의한 환자를 대상으로 내원한 순서에 따라 아로마 초음파군, 아로마군, 초음파군에 각각 30명씩을 배정하여 실험한 결과, 치료의 횟수가 증가함에 따라 통증의 정도를 알아보는 시각적 통증 점수가 감소하였으며(p<0.001), 군 간에 통증 감소의 정도도 차이가 있었다. 사후 검정을 보면 아로마 초음파군과 아로마군의 통증 감소의 정도가 초음파군에 비해 높았다(p<0.001). 또한 치료의 횟수가 증가함에 따라 McGill-Melzac 통증 점수 역시 감소하였으며(p<0.001), 군 간에 차이는 없었지만, 교호작용을 고려하면 아로마를 사용한 군에서 감소 폭이 더 큰 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 압통계의 역치 역시 치료의 횟수가 증가함에 따라 모든 군에서 상승하였으며(p<0.001), 군 간에 역치 증가의 정도에도 차이가 있었는데(p<0.05), 사후 검정을 보면 아로마 초음파군이 아로마군에 비해 역치 증가의 폭이 더 컸다. 따라서 압통계의 역치 증가는 아로마 보다는 초음파에 더 영향을 받는 것으로 생각할 수 있다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 아로마 오일은 주관적이고, 정서적인 통증을 검사하는 시각적 통증 점수와 McGill-Melzac 점수에 많은 영향을 미치는 반면 조직의 회복에 의해 상승하는 압력 역치를 검사하는 압통계의 수치에는 영향을 적게 미침을 확인할 수 있었으며, 반면 초음파는 주관적, 정서적인 통증의 감소보다는 실제 조직이 회복되면서 감소하는 통증에 더 많은 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.