• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.511-520
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to provide scientific information to track and field coaches and athletes through the analyses of the biomechanics characteristics of the top 4 sprinters in the men's 100 m final in the IAAF World Championships Daegu 2011. Twelve video cameras (Sony, Japan) were used to capture the mid portion of the race (40 m - 70 m) with a sampling frequency of 60Hz. Biomechanical variables including the right ankle, knee and hip angles, the trunk angle, and the velocity of center of mass (COM) in the running direction, were calculated with the Kwon 3D program (Visol, Korea). Correlation coefficients between the COM velocity and each variables were calculated using Matlab 2008a (MathWorks, USA) at an alpha level of 0.05. The findings indicated that Yohan Blake (JAM) showed greater range of motion at the ankle and hip. Walter Dix(USA) showed greater knee and trunk movement, and Kim Collins (SKN) showed more dorsi-flexed and extended trunk angles during the race. Finally, Christophe Lemaitre (FRA) showed more plantar-flexed ankle with a less trunk motion, throughout the analyzed race.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 1979

528 Korean land races of barley were examined for IS agronomic traits to determine if any preferential trait associations with early heading and winter hardiness existed in this collection. Eight traits were non-randomly associated with the 1977～'78 cold damage levels, and seven traits were non-randomly associated with heading date. No early heading, least-cold-damaged land race lines were found. However the least-cold-damaged class preferentially associated with mid-early heading land race lines. Ten traits were preferentially associated with the mid-early heading, least-cold-damaged class. The utilization of these associations should increase the probability that genes for winter hardiness will be preserved in the mid-early heading selections from this collection.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.417-426
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• 1998

During the 5 years period(93-197) of Seoul racecourse Thoroughbred racing, 2i963 holies took an active part in Seoul Racecourse and 61,181 horses entered the racing.400 horses(305 : 1 time, 76 :2 times, 19 :3 times, total : 514 cases) had bled(EIPH) from their nostils after their races. Incidence of bleeding horses from the 21963 racehorses was 13.5%, and incidence of bleeding cases from the 61,181 horses was 0.84%. The average racing frequence (1.05 times/1 month) of bleeders was more than that(0.8 times/1 month) of total race-horses. There was tendency to higher incidence of bleeding at older in age, female in sex, England/ Ireland horses in origin, higher grade in performances heavier in body weight increased, larger in weight to be carried, mid or longer in racing distance, handicap race, spring in season. Relationship did not exist between bleeding and respiratory disease. These results suggested that frequent entering into the race should be controlled. And body weight regulation with conditioning is recommended far reducing incidence of EIPH. It is supposed to prevent bleeding that decrescent performance horses should not be entering long distance or handicap race.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.695-698
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• 2010

The incidence of Anthracnose causing severe damage to the foliage and fruit in watermelon has increased in some major watermelon producing areas in Korea. To develop anthracnose resistant line, 'AU-Producer' having resistant gene to anthracnose was selected from germplasm and crossed with high quality line '920533'. Following the initial cross, backrossing and disease screening were performed to select resistant lines that produced high yields with excellent quality fruit. As a results of these procedure, a mid maturing watermelon line, 'Hangyeol' with resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) race 1 and 3 was developed at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA). It has red flesh and commonly produces fruit with clear stripes on skin between 5.3 to 10.1 kg. Average soluble solid contents are ranged from 9.8 to 11.8$^{\circ}$Bx. The yield and quality of 'Hangyeol' is comparable to or better than those harvested from the popular commercial cultivars. The achievement of this experiment could contribute to provide the resistant parents in an anthracnose resistance breeding program in watermelon.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.423-428
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• 2014

This study was performed to identify optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds and to examine the effect of $GA_3$ treatment for improvement of seed stratification rate. Ginseng seeds harvested from Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar in July 20 were tested for stratification rate. It was shown that stratification rates of land race, Yunpoong and Chunpoong cultivar were 94.1%, 93.1%, and 82.6%, respectively. Seeds of Chunpoong cultivar harvested 10-15 days later showed a comparable stratification rate to that of Land race, indicating that late harvest of Chunpoong seeds is beneficial for the increase of stratification rate. The higher stratification rate was found in mature seeds (92.3%) than immature seeds (37.8%), both of which were harvested in July 20. Stratification rate of mature seeds harvested in July 15 was 87.5%, demonstrating optimal harvesting time of ginseng seeds with higher stratification rate is after mid-July. An exponential growth of endosperms of ginseng seeds was observed from early June to mid-June and then slow growth was observed. There was no obvious growth of embryos from fertilization to mid-August. After the this time, embryos quickly grew until late October. Thus, appropriate stratification control is essential during the period (from early September to late October) in order to optimize embryo growth and development. While no increase of stratification rate was observed in seeds treated with 50 ppm of $GA_3$, significant increases were observed in seeds treated with 100 ppm of $GA_3$. At this concentration of $GA_3$, the stratification rate of Land race, Chunpoong and Yunpoong cultivar was 95.0%, 95.3%, and 96.5%, respectively.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.348-353
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• 2005

Using in silico approaches and RACE we cloned a full length trinucleotide (CAG) repeat-containing cDNA (cag-3). The cDNA is 2478 bp long and the deduced polypeptide consists of 140 amino acids of which 73 are glutamines. The genomic sequence spans approximately 79 kb on mouse chromosome 7 and the gene is composed of four exons. Standard and real-time PCR analyses of several mouse tissues showed that the gene is exclusively expressed in the brain and is not detected in embryonic stages. Within the brain, it is expressed throughout the forebrain region with predominant expression in the hypothalamus and olfactory bulb and very low levels in the mid- and hindbrain.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

The protein of the bovine, horse and dog erythrocyte membrane were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and their relation to the sedimentation rate of animal erythrocytes were investigated by treating the erythrocytes with proteinases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin. Protein content in erythrocyte membrane was in human, in Jindo dog, in cattle and in horse, showing similar in among. The erythrocyte sedimentation rates bovine erythrocytes from Hostein and Korean native cattle were very slow compared with the human one(1/7 as slow as the human one) as reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the bovine erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, bovine erythrocyte membranes showed one additional protein band, called band Q in this study, which migrated electrophoretically to the mid-position between band 2 and band 3 in human erythrocyte membranes. The erythrocyte sedimentation of race horse were very fast compared with the human one are reported previously. Although the general protein profiles of the race horse erythrocyte membranes were almost similar to that of human, band 3 content was showing higher in race horse(34.7%) than in human(25.3%). The general protein profile of the Jindo dog erythrocyte membrane was almost similar to the human patterns, Jindo dog erythrocyte membranes showed one absent protein band. It was band 7. The glycoprotein profiles of the bovine erythrocyte membranes revealed by periodic acid-Schiff(PAS) stain showed a marked difference from that of human. The PAS-1(glycophorin) and PAS-2(sialoglycoprotein) present in human erythrocyte membrane were almost absent from the bovine erythrocyte membranes showed a strong PAS-positive band near the origin of the electraphorograms, which is named as PAS-B in this study. The PAS-1 and PAS-2 present in human erythrocyte membrane were almost absent from race horse erythrocyte membranes, but PAS-2 was more in only race horse from that of human. The PAS-1 and PAS-2 were absolutely absent from the Jindo dog erythrocyte membrane. These results suggest the slow sedimentation rate of bovine erythrocytes is due in part to the presence of band Q protein fraction and PAS-B glycoprotein in the bovine erythrocytes, and that the fast sedimentation rate of race horse erythrocyte is due in part to the presence of more band 3 protein fraction and PAS-E glycoproteins in the race horse erythrocytes.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.699-702
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• 2010

Anthracnose is a major limiting factor of the watermelon production in Korea. A mid-late maturing watermelon line, 'Hanbit' with resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum orbiculare) race 1 and 3, was developed by the cross between anthracnose resistant cultivar 'AU-Producer' and high quality inbred line '920533' at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA). 'Hanbit' produces 5.4 to 9.5 kg of red flesh fruits with clear stripes on skin. Average soluble solid contents are ranged from 10.4 to 11.2$^{\circ}$Bx. The yield and quality of 'Hanbit' was comparable to or better than those harvested from the popular commercial cultivars. 'Hanbit' can be cultivated in open fields and under the protected green house condition. In addition to the commercial production, it can be used as a resistant material in $F_1$ hybrid breeding program.

• Strategy21
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• s.43
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• pp.125-174
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the status of naval arms race in Northeast Asia. To this end, the scope of the research was limited to national security strategies, maritime strategies and naval strengthening of the United States, China, Russia and Japan. The major powers' active maritime strategies and naval arms race give some strategic implications to the Republic of Korea Navy as follows. First, China and Japan, unlike the past, are actively using submarines in offshore waters including the Korean Peninsula. Therefore, the ROK Navy must successfully promote the Jangbogo-III-class submarine, which is currently constructed, and get a nuclear-powered submarine and P-8 MPA capable of long-range and long-time operations to enhance ASW capability. Second, North Korea's current building submarines capable of loading SLBMs and SLBMs are a new threat to the ROK Navy. The current building KAMD, which focuses on terminal phase defense, cannot effectively respond to North Korea's SLBMs and should be converted to a multi-layered defense system including SM-3 at a mid-course phase. Third, as China militarizes the South China Sea, the instability of the South China Sea is growing. Therefore, the ROK Navy should strengthen its maritime cooperation with the regional countries such as Japan and ASEAN navies to protect SLOC. In conclusion, the ROK Navy needs to build a strong naval power to keep in mind that the 21st century naval rivalry in Northeast Asia is accelerating. The navy must do one's best to protect national strategic and vital interests by strengthening cooperation with regional countries. South Korea is also accelerating its defense reforms in accordance with the pattern of future warfare and the ROK Navy do one's best to have a balanced naval capability capable of actively operating in the offshore waters.

• English & American cultural studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-48
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• 2010

This paper is a kind of interdisciplinary studies which connect a Western film criticism with a criticism of minority literature in America. My purpose in this paper is to put on the table such a sensitive issue as racial representation and representativeness in Clint Eastwood's revisionist Western, Unforgiven. We admit generally that Western films have contributed to the white American myth-making of how the West was won. Yet, since the mid-1960s, a growing number of revisionist Westerns were produced so as to raise a question about the conventional way of looking at what happened in the American West. In order to analyze the problem inherent in the way of seeing, I pay attention to how the director Eastwood (re)presents a character named W. W. Beauchamp in the film. Presumably, what the character Beauchamp misses in the West can be overlapped with what ordinary film viewers miss in the genre of Westerns. Given this, interrogating both what Beauchamp sees and what he misses within the movie, I attempt to disclose how much of the West has been unseen from his biased viewpoint. By doing so, I argue why it is important to focus on some passing scenes that touch on the irony of a Native American train passenger, the gaze of the mute Native American housewife, the abrupt disappearance of Asian American men, the lynching of African-American ex-cowboy, and the self-determination of the saloon prostitutes. Then I hope that, conservative and mainstream though the director is, his way of revising the Western is not quite far from my minority-conscious critical position.