• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2000

The effect of Sunlight exposure on reducing the microorganism counts in the bedding materials was experimented by using 3 kinds of microorganisms(S. aureus, K. pnenmoniae and E. coli) and 3 kinds of fabrics (cotton, silk and polyester). Counts of the microorganism were examined before and after sunlight exposure. The sunlights were controlled U.V and Daylight D50 using MacBeth artificial light source. The specimens were exposed for 5 min, 10 min and 30 minutes under the $20^{\circ}C$ and 60% R.H, distance is 50cm from the light source. Results were as follows, 1. The reduction rate of the 3kinds of microorganisms was remarkably great under the U.V exposure. The U.V. exposure was very effective way to sterlize the bedding materials in the house care. 2. S. aureus was the most susceptible to U.V. exposure and the sunlight exposure. E. coli was the most resistant to the U.V and the sunlight exposure. 3. The reduction rate of the 3 kinds of fabrics was not significantly different. The polyester is more resistant than the silk and the cotton. Those were shown good reduction rate if all kinds of microorganism under the U.V and daylight.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.201-212
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• 1999

In use of pesticides in golf courses has been increased steadily. Environmental concern as well as decrease in efficiency led the turfgrass management into an alternate approach of using beneficial microorganism to deal with turfgrass pests. This study was focused on the use of such microorganisms for improving cultural environment and minimizing the use of pesticides. Microorganisms antagonistic to turfgrass diseases were applied to zoysiagrass fairways and creeping bentgrass greens in Yusung country club. Tharch accumulation, disease occurrence, and other cultural environments were compared among the combinations of microorganisms and suppliemental N applications. The application of microorganisms antagonistic to turfgrass diseases improved turf resiliency. Thatch thickness was 3.03cm in the control plot but it was 2.11cm in plots treated by microorganisms, indicating significant effects of microorganism application on reduction of thatch accumulation. Number of microorganism that can decompose of cellulose was higher at the plots treated with useful microbial products and it was considered that existence of higher population of microorganisms resulted in reduction of thatch accumulation. In the evaluation of relationship between thatch accumulation and disease occurrence, greater thatch accumulation was observed at the golf courses which have been frequently infested by large patch. However, the rate of thatch accumulation varied among surveyed golf courses regardless of the year of turf establishment. Therefore, management practice which can be effective for reduction of thatch could result in large patch suppression. The application of microorganisms on the established turfgrasses reduced the occurrence rate of pythium blight and yellow path diseases, whereas occurrence of brown patch and dollar spot increased.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.331-337
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• 2000

When microorganism is injected into porous medium such as soils, biomass retained in the pore. Bacteria within these microcolonies produced large amounts of exopolysaccharides and formed a plugging biofilm. Soil pore size and shape are varied from the initial condition as a result of biofilm formation, which make hydraulic conductivity reduced and friction rate between soil aggregates increased. In this research, hydraulic conductivity reduction was measured after microorganism are inoculated and cultured with synthetic substrate and nutrient. Also, pore sand of before and after biofilm formation compared with scanning electron microscopy. Hydraulic conductivity of Sand and Poorly Graded Sand was decreased approximately 1/10∼1/100 after biomass inoculation and cultivation. Biofilm attached on soil aggregates is resistant to acidic or basic condition.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

Although microorganisms play an important role in composting process, researches on the effective microorganism (EM) in composting process are rarely reported. In this study, three stages of work performed 1) investigation of composting facility 2) sample collection and isolation of the EM 3) lab-scale composting by seeding the isolated EM. For this, purpose, physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, such as temperature, moisture content, organic matter, pH population of microorganism, etc., were investigated during the process and the results were compared with those of a control(non-seeded). In the composting facility, the most active degradation of food waste was suppsed to occur in 10-11th day of composting by observing the temperature and CO2 emission. The population of bacterial and fungi was highest in thermophilic stage. Meanwhile that of actinomycetes and yeast was relatively uniform during the process. In the lab-scale test, the thermophilic stage was maintained longer(more than 9 days in 17 days of experiment) in the seeded which was favored for the high reduction of organic matter and moisture. Reduction rates of lipids and salinity were also increased in the seeded. It confirmed these results that the population of microorganisms in the seeded was observed higher in several orders than the control. However, pH of the seeded was maintained as low as about 4.5 throughout the experiment except the final period of the process. Meanwhile, pH of the control rose in the early stage of the experiment. This was probably due that the seeded microorganisms collected from the composting facility was adapted to the low pH environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.491-492
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• 1989

• 유기물자원화
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-64
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• 1994

본보는 종합병원에서 발생되는 유기성쓰레기인 음식물찌꺼기를 미생물에 의해 고속발효공법을 동원하여 24~48시간 이내에 퇴비 또는 토양개량제로 전환시키기 위한 중간처리방법이 된다. 처리를 위한 발효조건은 함수율이 60%, 발효온도는 $50{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, 산소공급을 위한 송풍량은 $50{\sim}200L/min{\cdot}m^3$ 정도가 필요하다. 함수율을 60%정도로 조정하기 위해서 두부비지와 톱밥을 사용하였고 고속발효에 필요한 미생물균주는 호기성 균주로서 발효물의 전체중량의 1/300정도 투입하였다. 운전방법은 1차발효가 끝난 다음 감량 및 인출량을 체크하고 그 상태에서 새로운 음식물찌꺼기를 투입하는 형식을 취하였다. 발효물에 대한 감량은 비교군과 실험군에서 각각 56.6%와 35.6~47.7%를 나타내었고 발효물에 대한 감량은 bulking agent에 따라 차이가 다소 있었으나 대략 50% 수준이었다. 발효시에 발생되는 탄산가스 농도는 1,000~1,500ppm 정도였고 연속발효일수록 황색에서 갈색, 검은색으로 변하였다. 발효물에 대한 퇴비화의 이화학적 분석에서는 pH는 약산성, 함수율은 10%미만이였고, 수분조정제에 따라 퇴비화 시간과 T-N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$에는 차이가 있었고, C/N 비에도 차이가 컸다. 보편적으로, 음식물찌꺼기를 대상으로한 고속발효화는 퇴비 또는 토양개량제로서 가치는 있으나 완숙정도가 부족하기 때문에 중간처리 방법으로서는 가능하다고 사료된다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.273-283
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• 1999

박테리아를 토양과 같은 다공성 매질에 주입시키고 적절한 기질과 영양분을 공급시키면 박테리아는 매질의 표면에 부착하여 성장하며 그 결과 공극의 크기가 감소하여 매질의 투수계수가 감소되고 입자간 마찰계수가 증가한다. 본 연구는 투수계수가 비교적 큰 모래와 화강풍화토에 박테리아를 접종, 배양한 후 투수계수의 변화를 측정하였으며, 배양된 바이오필름의 내화학성 및 온도변화에 대한 내구성 실험을 통해 대용 차수재로의 가능성을 평가하였다. 화강풍화토에 박테리아를 접종, 배양한 후 투수계수는 초기치와 비교하여 약 1/50 정도의 감소를 나타냈고, 산성 또는 염기성용액의 침투 이후에도 투수계수의 급격한 증가는 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 반복적인 동결-융해후 투수계수가 증가해 바이오필름으로 인한 공극의 폐색이 손상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2005

본 연구는 종이 다른 여러 가지 미생물을 사용하여 음식물쓰레기 침출수의 악취저감 효과를 가지는 균주를 선별하고자 실시하였다. 침출수에 전배양한 해수미세조류인 Spirulina plantensis 와 Chlorella vulgaris, 효모 Saccharomyces cerevisae와 세균인 Bacillus cereus를 각각 10% 주입하여 총 10일간 배양하였다. 72시간 주기로 pH와 염도, 관능검사를 시행한 결과, pH는 초기에 3.5~4.0 값을 보였으나 시일이 경과함에 따라 4.9~7.4 수준까지 증가하였고, 염도는 Chlorella vulgaris와 Spirulina platensis는 급격히 낮아졌다. 관능평가를 통한 악취시험 결과 광합성 미세조류인 Chlorella vulgaris가 발효 종료일인 10일째 거의 취기를 느낄 수 없는 악취도 1을 나타내어 악취제어에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.250-253
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• 2002

Remediation of groundwater using zero valent iron filings has received considerable attention in recent years. However, zero valent iron is gradually transformed to iron(III) oxides at permeable reactive barriers, so the reduction of iron(III) oxides can enhance the longevity of the reactive barriers. In this study, microbial reduction of Fe(III) was performed in anaerobic condition. A medium contained nutrients similar to soil solution. The medium was autoclaved and deoxygenated by purging with 99.99% $N_2$ and pH was buffered to 6, while the temperature was regulated as 2$0^{\circ}C$. Activity of iron reducing bacteria were not affected by chlorinated organics but affected by iron(III) oxide. Although perchloroethylene(PCE) was not degraded with only ferric oxide, PCE was reduced to around 50% with ferric oxide and microorganism. It shows that reduced iron can dechlorinate PCE.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

The polyester fabrics were treated with the chitosan with various solubility in optimized treatment condition. The treatment method was discussed to be a high functional finishing for the polyester fabric to obtain the high moisture absorption and anti-microorganism property by evaluating the effect of the chitosan purification method on the yield and anti-microorganism property of the chitosan. On the other hand, soluble polyurethane was added to the chitosan treatment solution and/or plasma pretreatment was done. The addition of soluble polyurethane give a high add-on ratio as well as a linen like effect of treated polyester fabric. The results were as follows: 1. In the treatment of polyester fabric by the chitosan solution, a soluble PU resin and low temperature plasma treatment were done to obtain high binding force between the fabrics and the chitosan. The add-on rate and the moisture absorption ratio of the fabrics treated with the chitosan-PU after treated with the plasma slightly increased more than those of the fabrics treated with the chitosan only. 2. Anti-static property of the fabrics treated with the chitosan decreased rapidly with increasing of the chitosan concentration. The washing fastness of the fabrics treated with the chitosan-PU after treated with the plasma was better than those of the fabrics treated with chitosan only. The wrinkle resistance of the treated fabrics decreased constantly with the concentration of the chitosan. The bending rigidity of the treated fabrics increased greatly. On the treatment of polyester fabric under optimum condition, the microorganism reduction rate kept above 90％ after 10times launderings. 3. As the polyester fabrics which has flat yam was used as a weft yams were treated with the chitosan-PU as give a functional finishing effects such as durability, moisture absorption, anti-static and anti- microorganism property. Treated polyester fabric showed a good functional finishing effect and a linen like property.