• 제목/요약/키워드: Micronuclei

검색결과 159건 처리시간 0.038초

생쥐 배양섬유 모세포주 L929에 미치는 중금속(Cd, Ni, Zn)류의 세포독성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Cytotoxic Effect of Heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn) on Cultured Mouse Fibroblast L929 Cell line)

  • 이종빈;나명석;황영진;위성욱;최진희;김선희;유춘만;김재민
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.98-105
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    • 1997
  • The study on the cytotoxicity of heavy metals was carried out to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of those on mouse L929 fibroblast cell in 96-well microtiter plates. The cytotoxicity was assayed by the neutral red, tetrazolium MTT, total protein, micronuclei test. The cytotoxicity of the heavy metals by neutral red and tetrazolium MTT was showed in order, cadmium > zinc > nickel for the cationic metals tested. The effect of metal-metal interaction on the cytotoxicity showed a marked reduction of cadmium toxicity by zinc, to a lesser degree, by nickel. The amount of total protein in treated group added heavy metals was less than that of the control and treated cadmium alone was less than those of combination with nickel or zinc. At midpoint cytotoxicity values of heavy metals, the frequency of micronuclei on the cell treated heavy metals was more than that of control and treated cadmium alone was more than those of combination with nickel or zinc. From those results, it could be suggested that the heavy metals decreased the viability of mouse fibroblast L929 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and have cytogenic toxic effects, but mixed group decreased the cytotoxic and cytogenic toxicity on L929 cells.

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Radiation exposure dose in human blood lymphocytes as assessed by the CBMN assay

  • Ryu, Tae Ho;Kim, Jin-Hong;Kim, Jin Kyu
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 2014
  • The chances of accidental exposure are augmented as the application of ionizing radiation increases in various fields. Such accidental exposures may occur at nuclear power plants, laboratories, and hospitals. Cytogenetic assays have been used for estimating radiation dose in the situation of the accidents. The micronucleus assay has several advantages over the other cytogenetic methods as it is simple and fast. The present study aimed at investigation of the micronuclei frequencies in cytokinesis-block cells in human blood lymphocytes after ${\gamma}$-irradiation and at establishment of a standard dose response relationship. The samples of peripheral blood were obtained from 6 different donors aged between 24 and 30 years old. The bloods were irradiated in vitro with 0-5 Gy. A linear quadratic dose-response equation was obtained by scoring the micronuclei in binucleated cells; $y=27.87x^2+46.13x+2.08$ ($r^2=0.99$). Irradiation caused a significant decrease in the nuclear division index. Necrotic and apoptotic cells increased in number after irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the conventional cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay has proven to be the great technique in biological dosimetry. Dose-response calibration curve derived from CMBN assay could be used to estimate the exposure dose during a radiological emergency.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate에 의해 유도된 DNA손상과 소핵 형성 (DNA Damage and Micronuclei Induced by Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in Human Breast Carcinoma MCF-7 cells)

  • 김종원;한의식;박미선;엄미옥;김인숙;전혜승;정해관;심웅섭;오혜영
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.34-43
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    • 2001
  • Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used phthalate ester in polyvinyl chloride formulations including food packing and storage of human blood. DEHP is a well known as non-genotoxic carcinogen and endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). DEHP have shown all negative results in ICH-guildeline recommended standard genotoxicity test battery. In this study, to assess the clastogenic and DNA damaging effect in human-derived tissue specific cells, DEHP was treated in human derived MCE-7 cells, HepG2 cells, LNCap cells, BeWo cells, MCE-10A cells, and female peripheral blood cells using micronucleus assay and in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells up to $1.28$\times$10^{-2}$ M using Comet assay. The in vitro micronucleus assay is a mutagenicity test system for the detection of chemicals which induce the formation of small membrane bound DNA fragment i.e. micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells, originated from clastogenic and/or aneugenic mechanism. The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay) is used to detect DNA strand-breaks and alkaline labile site. In our results, DEHP increased significantly and/or dose-depentently and time-dependently micronucleus frequency at the 6 and 24 hr without metabolic activation system only in MCE-7 cells. DEHP treated with 2 hrs in MCF-7 cells using Comet assay induced DNA damage dose-depentantly.

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세포질 분열 차단 림프구를 이용한 월성원자력발전소 주변 소의 미소핵 발생 평가 (Evaluation of Micronucleus Frequency in Cytokinesis-blocked Bovine Lymphocytes from Regions around Wolsong Nuclear Power Plant)

  • 김세라;김태환;김성호
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.333-338
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    • 2003
  • Cytogenetic and hematological analysis was performed in bovine peripheral blood from the regions around Wolsong nuclear power plant and control area. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes from cattle was used as a biomarker of radiobiological effects resulting from exposure to environmental radiation. An estimated dare of radiation was calculated by a best fitting linear-quadratic model based on the radiation-induced MN formation from the bovine lymphocytes exposed in vitro to radiation over the range from 0 Gy to 4 Gy. MN rates in lymphocytes of cattle from Wolsong nuclear power plant and control area were 9.87/1,000 and 9.60/1,000, respectively. There were no significant differences in MN frequencies and hematological values in cattle between Wolsong and control area. The study indicates that the MN assay is a rapid, sensitive and accurate method that can be used to monitor a large population exposed to radiation.

Protection against Whole Body γ-Irradiation Induced Oxidative Stress and Clastogenic Damage in Mice by Ginger Essential Oil

  • Jeena, Kottarapat;Liju, Vijayasteltar B;Ramanath, Viswanathan;Kuttan, Ramadasan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.1325-1332
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    • 2016
  • Radioprotective effects of ginger essential oil (GEO) on mortality, body weight alteration, hematological parameters, antioxidant status and chromosomal damage were studied in irradiated mice. Regression analysis of survival data in mice exposed to radiation yielded LD50/30 as 7.12 and 10.14 Gy for control (irradiation alone) and experimental (GEO-treated irradiated) mice, respectively, with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.42. In mice exposed to whole-body gamma-irradiation (6 Gy), GEO pre-treatment at 100 and 500 mg/kg b.wt (orally) significantly ameliorated decreased hematological and immunological parameters. Radiation induced reduction in intestinal tissue antioxidant enzyme levels such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione was also reversed following administration of GEO. Tissue architecture of small intestine which was damaged following irradiation was improved upon administration of GEO. Anticlastogenic effects of GEO were studied by micronuclei assay, chromosomal aberration and alkaline gel electrophoresis assay. GEO significantly decreased the formation of micronuclei, increased the P/N ratio, inhibited the formation of chromosomal aberrations and protected agaisnt cellular DNA damage in bone marrow cells as revealed by comet assay. These results are supportive of use of GEO as a potential radioprotective compound.

Di-2-EthylHexyl Phthalate, 2-EthylHexanoic Acid 및 Di-2-Ethyl Phthalate의 유전독성 평가 (Genotoxicity of Di-2-Ethylhexyl phthalate, 2-EthylHexanoic Acid and Di-2-Ethyl Phthalate in Human Lymphocytes in vitro)

  • 송주영;조윤희;김양지;정해원
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.110-117
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    • 2005
  • DEHP is one of well known endocrine disrupter and it is used as additives for the production of PVC. There has been contradictional result on the genotoxicity of DEHP. In order to examine genotoxicity of a endocrine disruptors, DEHP (Di-2-EthylHexyl Phthalate) and it's metabolites, EHA (2-EthylHexanoic Acid) and DEP (Di-2-Ethyl Phthalate), chromosome aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) and single cell gel electrophoresis were analysised. No increase of the frequency of CA was observed by DEHP and its two metabolites. DEHPincreased the frequency of SCE and MN whereas EHA only increased the frequency of SCE. DEP increased the frequency of SCE but the increase was not statistically significant. DEHP and DEP, also induced DNA damage. It is suggested that combination of different methods were recomended to find the genotoxicity of DEHP and its metabolites.

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