• 멤브레인
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2005

본 연구는 하수 및 오폐수 처리를 위해 침지식 수처리 공정 적용을 위한 평판형 MF막인 $ENVIS^{(R)}$을 이용한 MBR SYSTEM 적용에 관한 연구이다. (주)퓨어엔비텍에서 만든 장치를 이용하여 공장의 오수시설($10\;m^3$/일)과 폐수처리장($30\;m^3$/일) 현장에서 실험을 수행한 결과, 공장 오수처리에 있어 제거율은 각각 SS $99.7\%$, BOD $97.6\%$, COD $96.8\%$였으며, 폐수처리에 있어 제거율은 각각 SS $99.6\%$, BOD $95.6\%$, COD $80.3\%$였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2019

The roles of polypropylene (PP) beads and pH on membrane fouling and treatment efficiency were investigated in a hybrid advanced water treatment process of tubular carbon fiber membranes (ultrafiltration (UF) or microfiltration (MF)) and PP beads. The synthetic feed including humic acid and kaolin flowed inside the membrane, and the permeated contacted the PP beads fluidized in the space between the membrane and the module with UV irradiation and periodic water back-flushing. In the hybrid process of UF ($0.05{\mu}m$) and PP beads, final resistance of membrane fouling ($R_f$) after 180 min increased as PP beads increased. The turbidity treatment efficiency was the maximum at 30 g/L; however, that of dissolved organic matters (DOM) showed the highest at PP beads 50 g/L. The $R_f$ strengthened as pH of feed increased. It means that the membrane fouling could be inhibited at low alkali condition. The treatment efficiency of turbidity was almost constant independent of pH; however, that of DOM showed the maximum at pH 5. For MF ($0.1{\mu}m$), the final $R_f$ was the minimum at PP beads 40 g/L. The treatment efficiencies of turbidity and DOM were the maximum at PP beads 10 g/L.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2005

하수처리장 방류수의 재이용을 위해 2004년 1월$\~$12월까지 수질상태를 조사하였다. BOD, SS, 탁도, 총인과 색도의 월별로 조사한 연평균은 각각 4.1mg/L, 2.9mg/L, 0.8NTU, 1.3mg/L, 27unit이었다. 쟈테스트는 급속혼화 5분, 완속교반 15분, 침전 1시간의 조건하에서 오염물질의 제거율을 조사하였다. 사용된 응집제는 Alum과 폴리염화알루미늄이고, 방류수 중의 색도, 탁도, 총인, 총유기탄소 등을 제거하는데 효과가 있었다. 특히 폴리염화알루미늄을 사용시 탁도와 용존성인의 제거 효과가 좋았다. 응집공정과 연속한 정밀여과 공정에 의한 유기물의 제거효과를 조사한 결과, 분자량 1,000 Dalton 이상의 범위에 있는 물질의 제거가 잘 이루어진 반면, 소독부산물의 생성에 영향을 주는 분자량 500 Dalton 이하 물질의 제거율은 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 복합공정에서 이 범위 분자량의 물질을 제거하기 위해 흡착공정 등의 추가공정이 필요할 것으로 본다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 최근 매립지 침출수 처리를 위해 많이 활용되고 있는 막분리 공정에 초음파를 적용하여 투과속도와 막의 세정효율 향상에 미치는 영향인자와 효과에 대하여 살펴보았다. 즉, 중공사 형태의 MF막과 관형의 UF막을 대상으로 초음파의 주파수($40{\sim}120$ kHz), 초음파의 세기($200{\sim}500$ W), 운전압력($0.1{\sim}2.3kg/cm^2$), 초음파 조사시간 등을 변화시키며 투과속도 향상에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 1차 처리된 침출수를 이용하여 초기 50 min 동안 막을 오염시킨 다음 70 min 동안 초음파를 조사하여 조사기간과 투과속도의 변화를 관찰하였다. 순수의 투과속도에 대한 투과속도의 회복률(recovery ratio)과 세정직전의 투과속도에 대한 초음파 조사 후 투과속도의 상승률(enhancement ratio)을 이용하여 영향인자를 분석하였다. 동일한 조건에서 막의 초음파 세정에 의한 투과속도 개선 효과는 주파수에 반비례적이며. 초음파의 조사강도에 비례적으로 나타났고, 막의 운전압력이 높으면 세정효과가 지연되며 투과속도의 개선효과도 감소하였다. 또한 10,000과 100,000 MWCO의 UF막에서의 회복율과 상승률은 각각 최대 75-98%와 40-50% 이었으나, $0.1{\mu}m$ MF막에서는 각각 10%와 500%였다. 1차 처리 침출수를 이용한 실험결과로부터 초음파에 의해 발생되는 기계적 진동을 활용한 막세정이 기존의 수세정과 약품세정 대신에 활용가능성이 확인되었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.522-528
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• 2004

Microfiltration with in-line rapid coagulation for drinking water production was examined. The in-line rapid coagulation was conducted using newly developed mixing device instantaneous flash mixer. The flux decline during membrane filtration was monitored with coagulant dosage varied. Flux decline was minimized at 1.1mg/L of coagulant dosage, where streaming potential of coagulated water was near zero. The optimum dosage for the process control was explained by dimensionless distance (${\kappa}{\times}a$) of particle pairs, obtained from electrophoresis parameter describing electrostatic repulsion relative to Van der Waals energy between particle pairs in the pre-coagulated water.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.181-200
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• 2012

At present water crisis is not an issue of scarcity, but of access. There is a growing recognition of the need for increased access to clean water (drinkable, agricultural, industrial use). An encouraging number of innovative technologies, systems, components, processes are emerging for water-treatment, including new filtration and disinfectant technologies, and removal of organics from water. In the past decade many methods have been developed. The most important membrane-based water technologies include reverse osmosis (RO), ultrafiltration (UF), microfiltration (MF), and nanofiltration. Beside membrane based water-treatment processes, other techniques such as advanced oxidation process (AOP) have also been developed. Some unconventional water treatment technology such as magnetic treatment is also being developed.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

A combined treatment system using multiple source water is becoming important as an alternative to conventional water supply for small-scale water systems. In this research, combined water treatment systems were investigated for simultaneous use of multi-source water including rainwater, ground water, river water, and reclaimed wastewater. A laboratory-scale system was developed to systematically compare various combinations of water treatment processes, including sand filtration, microfiltration (MF), granular activated carbon (GAC), and nanofiltration (NF). Results showed that the efficiency of combined water treatment systems was affected by the quality of feed waters. In addition, a simply approach based on the concept of linear combination was suggested to support a decision-making for the optimum water treatment systems with the consideration of final water quality.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1997년도 심포지움시리즈 Jan-97 수처리용 분리막 기술 및 응용
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• pp.87-109
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• 1997

Reverse osmosis(R/O), ultrafiltration(UF) and microfiltration (MF) processes are widely used for water treatment. In the seminar, characteristics of typical membrane modules including tubular, hollow fiber, plate and frame and spiral wound types will be discussed in detail. The design methods based on hydrodynamics for hollow fiber and spiral wound modules will be introduced analytically. Concentration polarization (CP) and membrane fouling mechnism as well as the techniques for CP reduction will be handled. The CP control techniques contain chemically modified membrane surface, pretreatment of feed water, operation of low trans-membrane pressure, chemical or physical cleaning methods and artificial production of various fluid turbulences near the membrane surface, etc. In especially, the recent commercial membrane modules for CP control including module rotation, vibration and Taylor or Dean vortex system will be introduced and discussed in detail.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1995년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.94-100
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• 1995

In recent years it has become necessary to design water management system to minimize water consumption as well as satisfy more stringent environmental requirements. This is mainly due to the seasonal water shortage and environmental problems on water pollution that have taken place at many industrialized regions in Korea. Accordingly, membrane technology in Korea is finding increasing application in the water industry because it has been found to be effective and economic treatment method compared with conventional technology. The membrane processes with the greatest potential for water and wastewater treatment are microfiltration(MF), ultrafiltration(UF), nanofiltration(NF) and reverse osmosis (RO), which utilize pressure differentials.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2003년도 The 4th Korea-Italy Workshop
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• pp.95-97
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• 2003

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the performance of membranes for treatment of dyeing wastewater. The microfiltration (MF) membranes (titania-blended polysulfone & alumina) were prepared. The nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were kindly supplied by the Sae-Han. In order to reuse the wastewater for dyeing, the effluents were treated by the high flux RO and the fouling resistant RO (FRM) membranes. Also, the NF membrane was used for water reuse in rinsing.