• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2010

In these days numerous super tall buildings are under construction or being planned in Middle East and Asian countries. Some of them are planned as an ultra high-rise building that goes over 600m tall, including Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world. External environment such as wind speed, temperature and humidity of the super tall building varies due to its vertical height. Therefore, it is necessary to consider these environmental changes to estimate building heating and cooling load. This paper analyzes how vertical microclimate difference affects building heating and cooling load in super tall building by simulation using radiosonde climate data. Besides, the correlation between air-tightness of building envelope and building load was analyzed for a super tall building.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2017

Purpose: Temperature in urban areas increase much more than suburban areas and it is called urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. There are several solutions to control UHI phenomenon such as green roof system, water space construction, and cool roof system. However, application of green roof system and cool roof system to some of the buildings which compose the city has a critical limit. Therefore, in order to diminish the temperature rising and UHI phenomenon due to climate change of the city, it needs to approach from the viewpoint of site or city, rather than the viewpoint of individual buildings. This study is aims at analyzing UHI phenomenon by characteristics of surface materials and suggesting the solutions to reduce UHI phenomenon by types of complex. Method: Literature reviews were conducted to analyze the cause, mitigating plan, and recent trends of UHI phenomenon. For the simulation analysis, the type of complex was classified 3 representative complex. Based on measured reflectivity, simulation about UHI phenomenon was conducted by setting 4 strategies; albedo of roof, road pavement, green roof system, and vegetating around buildings. Result: As the results of simulating the UHI reduction factor by types of complex, it showed that the effect of temperature reduction on the building roof layer is more effective than adjusting the reflectivity of buildings such as green roof system, planting near the buildings in both the detached house complex, apartment complex, and commercial complex.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.697-707
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• 2018

A fast running model comprising the climate change effects is proposed for urban heat environment simulations so as to be used in urban heat island studies and/or the urban planning practices. By combining Hot City Model, a high resolution urban temperature prediction model utilizing the Lagrangian particle tracing technique, and the numerical weather simulation data which are constructed up to year of 2100 under the climate change scenarios, an efficient model is constructed for simulating the future urban heat environments. It is applicable to whole city as well as to a small block area of an urban region, with the computation time being relatively short, requiring the practically manageable amount of the computational resources. The heat environments of the entire metropolitan Seoul area in South Korea are investigated with the aid of the model for the present time and for the future. The results showed that the urban temperature gradually increase up to a significant level in the future. The possible effects of green roofs on the buildings are also studied, and we observe that green roofs don't lower the urban temperature efficiently while making the temperature fields become more homogeneous.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

The weather data has important role for performative building design. If the data location is close to building site, the result of performative design can be accurate. The data which have used nowadays in Korea are from U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Korea Solar Energy Society (KSES) but they cover only several locations in Korea which are 4 in DOE and 11 in KSES and there are opinions which it could be served building design efficiently even if the data are not enough. However the weather data for micro-climate are exist which are Green Building Studio Virtual Weather Station (GBS VWS) and Meteonorm weather data. Each weather data has different generation methods which are TMY2, TRY, MM5, and extrapolation. In this research, the weather date for climate are compared with DOE and KSES to check correlation. The result shows the value of correlation in Dry Bulb Temp. and Dew Point Temp. is around 0.9 so they have high correlation in both but in Wind Speed case the correlation(around 0.2) is not exist. In overall result, the data has correlation with DOE and KSES as the value of correlation 0.648 of GBS VW and 0.656 of Meteonorm. Even if the correlation value is not high enough, the patterns of difference in each weather element are similar in scatter plot.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2010

A meteorological model, RAMS, and a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, FLUENT are combined as a one-way off-line nested modeling system, namely, RAMS/FLUENT system. The system is experimentally applied in the wind simulation over a complex terrain, with which numerical simulations of wind field over Foyeding weather station located in the northwest mountainous area of Beijing metropolis are performed. The results show that the method of combining a meteorological model and a CFD model as a modeling system is reasonable. In RAMS/FLUENT system, more realistic boundary conditions are provided for FLUENT rather than idealized vertical wind profiles, and the finite volume method (FVM) of FLUENT ensures the capability of the modeling system on describing complex terrain in the simulation. Thus, RAMS/FLUENT can provide fine-scale realistic wind data over complex terrains.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze outdoor thermal comfort of apartments planning characteristic of pedestrian height in Beijing, China. Selecting 322 apartment complexes with more than 1000 households and more than 10 buildings(including 10 buildings), mainly in Chaoyang District and Tongzhou District to select 32 basic layout types and then 12 typical layout types were select in 32 basic layout types. Finally, the simulation was conducted for the 12 typical layout types using the micro-climate model ENVI-met to evaluate the wind environment, the thermal environment and the comfort. The results of this study as follows: In the parallel arrangement, it has the best outdoor thermal comfort of Slab-East-Parallel(S/E/P). Next is Slab-South-Parallel(S/S/P), Tower-South-Parallel(T/S/P) in turn. In the stagger arrangement, Mixture-South-North and South Stagger-1(M/S/NSS-1) has the best outdoor thermal comfort and Slab-South-North and South Stagger(S/S/NSS), Tower-South-North and South Stagger(T/S/NSS), Mixture-South-North and South Stagger-3(M/S/NSS-3), Mixture-South-North and South Stagger-4(M/S/NSS-4), Mixture-South-North and South Stagger-2(M/S/NSS-2) in turn. In the cluster arrangement, Mixture-Mixture-Cluster-2(M/M/C-2) has the best outdoor thermal comfort and Mixture-Mixture-Cluster-3(M/M/C-3), Mixture-Mixture-Cluster-1(M/M/C-1) in turn. Due to the low wind speed and high air temperature, it is necessary to consider the layout types that can form the wind road at first, such as Mixture-South-North and South Stagger-1(M/S/NSS-1), Slab-South-North and South Stagger(S/S/NSS) and so on.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2006년도 하계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.274-278
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• 2006

• 한국방재학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2002

Since it is important to understand the bio-climatic change in Seoul for ecological city planning in the future, this paper gives an overview on bio-climate analysis of urban environments at Seoul. We analyzed its characteristics in recent years using the observations of 24 of Automatic Weather Station (AWS) by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). In urbanization, Seoul metropolitan area is densely populated and is concentrated with high buildings. This urban activity changes land covering, which modifies the local circulation of radiation, heat and moisture, precipitation and creating a specific climate. Urban climate is evidently manifested in the phenomena of the increase of the air temperature, called urban heat Island and in addition urban sqall line of heavy rain. Since a city has its different land cover and street structure, these form their own climate character such as climate comfort zone. The thermal fold in urban area such as the heat island is produced by the change of land use and the air pollution that provide the bio-climate change of urban eco-system. The urban wind flow is the most important climate element on dispersion of air pollution, thermal effects and heavy shower. Numerical modeling indicates that the bio-climatic transition of wind wake in urban area and the dispersion of the air pollution by the simulations of the wind variation depend on the urban land cover change. The winds are separately simulated on small and micro-scale at Seoul with two kinds of kinetic model, Witrak and MUKLIMO.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2003

This paper presents the air corridor planning strategy based on simulation with MUKLMO_3 (Micro-scale Urban Climate Model) to investigate the wind field and air corridor caused by the land-use change of the New Town Development Area in Pan-Gyo. In the first part, the most frequently observed wind field in the New Town Development Area was measured and used as an initial value to simulate a more realistic wind field and air corridor. Several experiments with different initial values of wind fields were carried out to investigate the wind field change affected by the New Town Development. The results show the features of the wind field of the neutral stability condition in the urban canopy layer with a high resolution near the ground. The wind speed is weakened at this level due to the New Town Development. It was found that the wind field and air corridor are influenced by the land-use change. After the development of the New Town, the speed of the wind field decreased and the main wind directions and air corridor changed. In this study, this model is found to be a useful tool for evaluating air corridor and change of wind field in speed and direction.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2015

The centralized power supply system and rainwater treatment system, which are major infrastructure in modern cities, are showing their limitations in accommodating environment load due to climate changes that has aggravated recently. As a result, complex issues such as shortage of reserve power and urban flooding have emerged. As a single solution, decentralized systems such as a model integrating photovoltaic system and rooftop greening system are suggested. When these two systems are integrated and applied together, the synergy effect is expected as the rooftop greening has an effect of preventing urban flooding by controlling peak outflow and also reduces ambient temperature and thus the surface temperature of solar cells is lowered and power generation efficiency is improved. This study aims to compare and analyze the monitoring results of four algorithms that define correlations between micro-climate variables around rooftop greening and the surface temperature of solar cells and generate their significance. By doing so, this study seeks to present an effective algorithm that can estimate the surface temperature of solar cell that has direct impact on the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation by observing climate variables.