• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2007

화학비료의 과다사용으로 환경오염의 문제가 심각해 지면서 친환경 농자재(목초재 또는 축산분뇨 등)를 사용하는 유기농업의 필요성이 대두되어 왔다. 이러한 친환경 농자재의 시용량은 작물 종류별, 토양 종류별, 계절별, 재배환경 등에 따라 결정되어져야 한다. 유기비료로서 축산분뇨량의 효율적 사용과 축산분뇨로부터의 암모니아 방출량 저감을 위해서는 먼저 축산분뇨의 경작지 시비 후 암모니아 방출모델이 제시되어야 한다. 그리고 암모니아 방출에 영향이 큰 인자들을 찾아내어 이 인자들을 변화시킴으로서 암모니아 방출량을 감소시킬 수 있을 것이다. 이 연구에서는 인공신경망(artificial neural network) 기법을 이용하여 시비된 돈분의 암모니아 휘산량을 예측한다. 유럽지역에서 얻은 암모니아 방출 실험데이터(ALFAM database)를 바탕으로, 암모니아 손실 영향인자에 따른 암모니아 방출량을 Michaelis-Menten 모델식을 이용하여 예측한다. 이 모델식의 모델인자(암모니아 최대 방출량과 암모니아 최대 방출량의 50%에 도달하는 시간)는 feedforward-backpropagation 인공신경망 기법으로 예측하였고, 가중치 분할법(weight partitioning method)으로 암모니아 손실에 미치는 총 15개의 영향인자의 상대적인 중요도를 분석하였다. 그 결과 암모니아 방출량은 기후에 따라 크게 좌우되고, 돈분의 상태도 상당한 영향을 주고 있다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

토양(土壤)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)에 있어서 우리나라 토양(土壤)에 적합(適合)한 인산(燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)을 확립(確立)하고자 밭토양과 논토양에 각각 옥수수와 벼를 재배(栽培)하여 Lancaster법(法), Olsen법(法), Bray No.1, Bray No.2법(法), Mehlich II 법(法), Calcium lactate법(法) 등(等) 6개 분석방법(分析方法)을 사용한 토양중(土壤中) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계를 비교 검토하였다. 1. 분석방법을 달리한 밭토양의 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 옥수수 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계(關係)는 모든 분석방법(分析方法)이 유의성(有意性) 있는 직선회귀(直線回歸) 관계(關係)를 나타내었고, 분석(分析) 방법별(方法別) 결정계수(決定係數)($R^2$) 크기는 Olsen-P $0.891^{**}$, Bray No. 2-P $0.880^{**}$, Lancaster-P $0.878^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.792^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.787^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.596^{**}$이었다. 2. 논토양중 有效燐酸含量과 벼의 燐酸含量과의 關係에서 밭토양과 달리 Michaelis-Menten 式 ($Y=K_1X/(1+K_2X)$을 따랐으며 (Y, 벼의 燐酸吸收量, X ; 土壤 有效燐酸, K : 係數), 본 식에 따른 決定係數 ($R^2$)는 Lancaster-P $0.923^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.919^{**}$, Bray No.2-P $0.914^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.769^{**}$, Olsen-P $0.712^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.607^{**}$이었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 1989

Ca-alginate에 의하여 포괄된 고정화 Zymomonas mobilios의 담체내부에 있어서 균체자체활성을 물질이동 현상으로 규명하고자 하였다. 또한 균체활성을 장기간 유지할 수 있을때 기질의 유효확산에 다른 반응속도를 고찰하여 균일상계로의 균체량농도를 결정할 수 있는 고정화 최적화를 구하고 그 활성의 변화에 대한 경향을 비교검토하였다. 반응속도와 균체량의 관계가 이론치에 잘 일치되므로써 기질의 유효확산계수, $D_e$와 고정화균체량, $C_c$의 상관관계를 결정할 수 있었고 이로부터 고정화 균체량 250g-dry cell/ l에서 공극율 0로 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 실험치의 결과는 Michaelis-Menten형반응의 0차와 1차사이를 만족하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2002

Experiments on deactivation kinetics of immobilized lipase enzyme from Candida cyl-indracea were performed in stirred bath reactor using rice bran oil as the substrate and temperature as the deactivation parameter. The data were fitted In first order deactivation model. The effect of temperature on deactivation rate was represented by Arrhenius equation. Theoretical equations were developed based on pseudo-steady state approximation and Michaelis -Menten rate expression to predict the time course of conversion due to enzyme deactivation and apparent half-life of the immobilized enzyme activity in PFR and CSTH under constant feed rate polity for no diffusion limitation and diffusion limitation of first order. Stability of enzyme in these continuous reactors was predicted and factors affecting the stability were analyzed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1995

The effects of substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, reaction temperature, and water content were investigated in intramolecular esterification. This study used cyclohexane as organic solvent, power lipase as enzyme, and benzyl alcohol and octanoic acid as substrate. The initial reaction rate was found to be proportional to enzyme concentration; followed Michaelis-Menten equation for octanoic acid; and was inhibited by benzyl alcohol . The observed initial reaction rate first increased, then decreased with increasing reaction temperature, giving rise to the maximum rate at 20$\circ$. The drop in the reaction rate at higher temperature was to partition equilibrium change of substrate between organic solvent and hydration layer of enzyme molecule in addition to the deactivation by enzyme denaturation. Water layer surrounding enzyme molecule seemed to activate in organic solvent and the realistic reaction was done in the water layer. In the enzymatic reaction in organic solvent, the initial reaction rate was influenced by partition quilibrium of substrate, so the optimum condition of substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, reaction temperature, and water content would give a good design tool.

• 분석과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.286-289
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• 2001

The effect of pH and the substrate concentration on the sensing ability of the chicken peroxidase enzyme electrode was examined quanititatively. Using the new Michaelis-Menten equation, to which pH concept was introduced, enabled to calculate all kinds of dissociation constant related to chicken peroxidase and subsequently to determine the optimum pH of the sensor.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.294-298
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• 2003

Endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds in the water were degraded by laccase from Trametes sp. followed by activated sludge treatment. The effect of temperature on the degradation of phenolic compounds and the production of organic compounds were investigated using endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, 2.4-dichlorophenol, and diethyl phthalate. Bisphenol A and 2.4-dichlorophenol disappeared completely after the laccase treatment, but no disappearance of diethyl phthalate was observed. The Michaelis-Menten type equation was proposed to represent the degradation rate of bisphenol A by the lacasse under various temperatures. After the laccase treatment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the activated sludge treatment was attempted and it could convert about 85 and 75% of organic compounds produced from bisphenol A and 2.4-dichlorophenol into H$_2$O and CO$_2$, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1355-1361
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• 2006

The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process consists of concurrent enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. In the present cybernetic model, the saccharification process, which is based on the modified Michaelis-Menten kinetics and enzyme inhibition kinetics, was combined with the fermentation process, which is based on the Monod equation. The cybernetic modeling approach postulates that cells adapt to utilize the limited resources available to them in an optimal way. The cybernetic modeling was suitable for describing sequential growth on multiple substrates by Brettanomyces custersii, which is a glucose- and cellobiose-fermenting yeast. The proposed model was able to elucidate the SSF process in a systematic manner, and the performance was verified by previously published data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2021

Hydrogen peroxide is a radiolysis product of water formed under gamma-irradiation; therefore, its reliable detection is crucial in the nuclear industry for spent fuel management and coolant chemistry. This study proposes an electrochemical sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection. Cysteamine (CYST), gold nanoparticles (GNPs), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used in the modification of a gold electrode for fabricating Au/CYST/GNP/HRP sensor. Each modification step of the electrode was investigated through electrochemical and physical methods. The sensor exhibited strong sensitivity and stability for the detection and measurement of hydrogen peroxide with a linear range of 1-9 mM. In addition, the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation was applied to predict the reaction curve, and a quantitative method to define the dynamic range is suggested. The sensor is highly sensitive to H₂O₂ and can be applied as an electrochemical H₂O₂-sensor in the nuclear industry.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.141-147
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• 1979

Aspergillus nidulans가 생산하는 naringinase를 DEAE-Sephadex A-25를 사용하여 이온결합법으로 고정화시키는 조건과 그 고정화효소의 성질 및 column reactor 에서의 연속 반응에 대하여 연구 검토한 것을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 고정화 효소를 조제할 때에 효소가 담체에 흡착되는 최적 pH는 6.0이었고 건조된 담체 1g에 대해 이상적인 수용성 효소의 량은 110 units이였다. 고정화 naringinase의 반응 최적 온도와 pH 는 각각 5$0^{\circ}C$와 7.0이며, 그 pH 안정성과 열 안정성은 수용성 효소보다 모두 높았다. 고정화 naringinase의 활성화 에너지는 Arrhenius plot에 의해 7.96kca1/mo1e이었고 겉보기 Km 값은 5.88$\times$$10^{-4}$M 이었다. 고정화 naringinase를 column 내에서 연속 반응시킬 때 Bar-Eli등의 Michaelis-Menten식의 적분형을 변형하여 유속과 가수분해도의 관계를 검토한 결과, 유속이 증가하면 가수분해도가 감소되었고 동시에 겉보기 Km값도 감소하였다. 또한 반응량 (colum reaction capacity)은 유속이 증가함에 따라서 서서히 감소하였다.