• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2003

In this study, plant regeneration and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation Kentucky bluegrass(Poa pratensis L.) were evaluated. Three different types of calli were produced depending on the combinations of growth regulators. They were non-friable brown or gray-colored callus (type I), compact, friable and yellow or white-colored callus (typeII), and soft, watery translucent callus with differentiated structure (typeIII). The highest regenerable organogenic callus (typeII) was obtained on the medium containing 1mg/L, 2,4-D and 0.1mg/L BA. Additionally, the production of typeII calli increased significantly when AgNO$_3$ was added to the callus induction and growth medium. The highest frequency of multiple shout formation from typeII callus was obtained on MS medium containing 1mg/L BA and 1mg/L Thidiazuron(TDZ). The organogenic calli(typeII) were inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA101 harboring the binary vector pIG121Hm with $\beta$-glucuronidase gene, and various factors were found to influence the transfer-DNA delivery efficiency. The highest transient GUS activity was observed on typeIIcallus. In the present work, we reported the first transient GUS activity of Kentucky bluegrass mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Our system may contribute to genetic improvement for breed-recalcirtrant grass species, Kentucky bluegrass.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 1985

상복부 수술후 진통을 위하여 경막외 narcotics 주입시 임상에서 경막외강 천자가 가장 많이 시술되고 있는 부위 안 요부 경막외강에 morphine과 demerol을 각각 주입하여 진통 효과를 관찰하였다. 전신 마취하에서 상복부 수술을 받은 환자 20명을 대상으로 하여서 morphine 1 mg을 주입한 10명의 I군, demerol 10mg을 주입한 10명의 II군에서의 진통 효과를 관찰하였던 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Morphine 을 주입한 I군에서는 평균 진통 시간이 29.4시간이었다. 2. Demerol을 주입한 II군에서는 평균 진통 시간이 4.0시간이었다. 3. Morphine을 주입한 I군이 Demerol을 주입한 II군보다 진통 시간이 훨씬 길었으며 통계학적으로 유의하였다. (P<0.05) 이상의 결과로 보아 상복부 수술후 진통 목적으로 마약제를 경막외강에 투여시 시술이 안전한 요부 경막외강내로 투여하여도 우수한 진통효과를 얻을 수 있으며 마약제로는 morphine의 투여가 demerol의 투여보다 더욱 진통 효과가 우수한 것으로 사료된다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 2021

Water temperature (WT) is a major environmental factor of metabolic rate in fish; it directly affects food intake, ammonia excretion, oxygen consumption (OC), growth, and survival. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the OC and the hematological response of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus because of WT changes. In Exp. I, WT was increased from 20℃ to 29℃ within 18 h and maintained at 29℃ for 96 h. Then, WT was decreased from 29℃ to 20℃ within 18 h and maintained at 20℃ for 24 h. In Exp. II, WT was decreased from 20℃ to 11℃ within 18 h and maintained at 11℃ for 96 h. Then, WT was increased from 11℃ to 20℃ within 18 h and maintained at 20℃ for 24 h. The Exp. III maintained that the Exp. I and II was consecutively. In Exp. I, the OC increased from 116.7 mg O₂ kg^-1 hr^-1 to 317.5 mg O₂ kg^-1 hr^-1 with increasing WT. In Exp. II, the OC decreased from 96.5 mg O₂ kg^-1 hr^-1 to 71.3 mg O₂ kg^-1 hr^-1 with decreasing WT. In Exp. III, OC tended to increase or decrease in inverse proportion to temperature. In Exp. I, cortisol, glucose, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values increased with increasing WT. In Exp. II, Cl^-, osmolality, AST, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values significantly changed during the experimental period: glucose values increased, whereas cortisol values decreased with decreasing WT. Exp. III was shown to be a more stressful environment to olive flounder than Exp. I and Exp. II. The results of our study will be useful for evaluating current aquaculture procedures of olive flounder and developing techniques to minimize stress in aquaculture farms.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.178-182
• /
• 1985

비철특수합금중 아연(II) 구리(II)와 마그네슘(II)을 양이온 교환수지(Dowex 50w${\times}$8, 80-100 mesh)와 음이온 교환수지(IRA-400)을 이용하여 이온교환크로마토그라프로서 분리하는 방법을 연구 하였다. 이온교환수지는 25 ${\times}$ 2cm ID 칼럼에 넣고 흐르는 속도는 0.30 ml/min으로 조절하였다. 아연(II), 구리(II), 마그네슘(II)와 같은 비철금속 이온들을 분리하기 위한 좋은 용리액의 조건은 다음과 같다. 0.5M $NaNO_3$ (pH 3.1), 0.2~0.5M HCl + 50~90% Acetone과 1M HAc + 0.1M NaAcf(pH 3.7)였으며 0.1M NaAc + 1M NaAc(pH 3.7), 0.5M HCl + 50% Acetone이 가장 좋은 용리액으로 판명되었다. 분리된 용출액은 원자흡광 광도계로 측정하였으며 특히 아연 (II)은 음이온 교환수지에서 0.12N HCl과 1.5N $NH_4OH$ 수용액으로 분리하고 E.D.T.A로 적정하였다.

• 한국동물학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.367-372
• /
• 1993

재생쥐간에서 분리한 topoisomerase II에서 protein kinase 활성이 발견되었다. ,topo II 활성 및 kinase 활성은 hydroxyapatite, phosphocellulose, double strand DNA cellulose chromatography 등의 순수 분리 과정 중에도 서로 분리되지 않았으며 glycerol gradient sedimentation 분석에서도 같은 분획에서 활성이 존재하였다. Kinase는 topo II 저해제인 N-ethylmaleimide와 novobiocin 등에 의해 그 활성이 저해되었다. 그러나 이러한 증거들 만으로 kinase 활성이 topo II가 아닌 다른 polypeptide에 의한 것일 가능성을 완전히 배제 할 수는 없다. Topo II와 결합된 kinase 활성에는 Mg++가 절대적으로 필요하였으며 다른 일가 또는 이가 이온으로는 그 효과가 대체되지 않았다. Histone H1은 kinase 활성을 증가 시키며 또 kinase에 의해 강하게 인산화된다. 이러한 효과는 다른 histone 류 및 casein 등에 의해 대체되지 않았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.537-542
• /
• 2000

감잎추출물이 고콜레스테롤혈증에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 흰쥐에게 1% 콜레스테롤과 0.25% 콜산나트륨을 첨가한 고폴레스테롤혈증 유발 식이와 감잎추출물을 1, II수준(126 mg or 252 mg/kg body weight)으로 나누어 경구투어하여 녹차추출물 (126 mg/kg body weight)과 비교.검토하였다. 혈청과 간조직의 중성지질 농도는 녹차추출물군에서 가장 낮은 반면 총, 유리, 콜레스테릴에스테르 농도는 녹차추출물군에 비하여 감잎추출물 I군의 감소 정도가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 킬로미크론, LDL콜레스테롤 농도 역시 감이ㅠ추출물 투여로 현저하게 감소하였으며, II수준에 비하여 I 수준에서 그 효과가 우수한 것으로 관찰되었다. VLDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 감잎, II군이 감잎 1군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소되었다. 반면, HDL-콜레스테롤 농도와 HDL-C/TC비는 감잎추출물 I군이 녹차추출물군과 감잎추출물 II군에 비하여 유의적으로 증가하였으나, 동맥경화지수는 감소하였다. 총콜레스테롤, VLDL-과 LDL-콜레스테롤의 농도 증가는 관상 동맥질환의 위험요소인데, 특히 감잎추출물 투여시 이들 콜레스테롤 농도 감소가 현저하므로 고콜레스테롤 혈증 흰쥐의 지질대사 개선효능을 알 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.191-195
• /
• 1997

Backgound: The present study was undertaken to determine whether fentanyl or bupivacaine is a better adjuvant to epidural morphine with respect to postoperative analgesic use and with fewer incidence of side effects. Methods: We evaluated the clinical effects in 62 patients having cesarean section, divided in 3groups randomly. Group I(n=19) was received epidural morphine 4 mg, group II(n=22) was received epidural morphine 2 mg plus fentanyl 50 ${\mu}g$ and group III(n=21) was received morphine 2 mg plus 0.25% bupivacaine 10 ml epidurally. We measured the first request time of analgesic for postoperative pain, the number of supplemental analgesics within 24 hours and the incidence of side effects postoperatively. Results: The first request time of analgesic for postoperative pain was significantly shorter in group III than in group I and II. The analgesic use in the first 24 hours was significantly more in group III than in group I and II. The side effects were significantly fewer incidence in group II than in group I and III. Conclusions: In conclusion, the combined use of epidural morphine and fentanyl provided better analgesia than the combined of epidural morphine and bupivacaine.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.1039-1042
• /
• 2009

RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphatase 1 containing ubiquitin like domain (UBLCP1) has been identified as a regulatory molecule of RNA polymerase II. UBLCP1 consists of ubiquitin like domain (UBL) and phosphatase domain homologous with UDP and CTD phosphatase. UBLCP1 was cloned into the E.coli expression vectors, pET32a and pGEX 4T-1 with TEV protease cleavage site and purified using both affinity and gel-filtration chromatography. Domains of UBLCP1 protein were successfully purified as 7 mg/500 mL (UBLCP1, 36.78 KDa), 32 mg/500 mL (UBL, 9 KDa) and 8 mg/500 mL (phosphatase domain, 25 KDa) yielded in LB medium, respectively. Isotope-labeled samples including triple-labeled ($^2H/^{15}N/^{13}C$) UBLCP1 were also prepared for hetero-nuclear NMR experiments. $^{15}N-^{1}H$ 2D-HSQC spectra of UBLCP1 suggest that both UBL and phosphatase domain are properly folded and structurally independent each other. These data will promise us further structural investigation of UBLCP1 by NMR spectroscopy and/or X-ray crystallography.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.81-85
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는kefir중의 polysaccharide분획이 HRV의 MA-104세포 감염에 미치는 억제효과를 조사하였다. (1) 추출된 polysaccharide는 DEAE 이온교환 chromatography에서 fraction I의 미결합 분획과 fraction II, III, IV의 결합 분획으로 나뉘어졌다. (2) Polysaccharide fraction II, III, IV는 각각 4.8, 5.3, 1.4 mg/mL의 농도로 첨가했을 때 HRV의 MA-104 세포감염에 대하여 약 97%, 99%, 100%의 억제효과를 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하면 kefir의 다당체가 유아설사변에서 분리한 rotavirus S-2가 MA-104 cell 감염에 97% 이상 억제효과가 있어 동절기 유아의 바이러스성 급성설사 예방에 kefir를 급식하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 1999

Background: Contraction of anal sphincter muscle produces severe pain in perianal surgery postoperatively. Recent reports have indicated that effective and prolonged pain relief can be obtained by the injection of small doses of morphine into the subarachnoid space. We attempted to use this technique for perianal surgery and investigated postoperative pain control and its side effects. Methods: Forty five patients scheduled for hemorrhoidectomy and anal fistulectomy were studied to determine the minimal effective dose of intrathecal morphine for postoperative analgesia. In order to control the pain, 7 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.05 mg (group I), 0.1 mg (group II) and 0.15 mg (group III) of morphine hydrochloride was injected with a 25 gauge spinal needle into the subarachnoid space. We estimated the duration of analgesia until the pain score attained to above 3 in 10 cm VAS (visual analogue scale) and incidence of itching, nausea and vomiting by percentage, headache, backpain and respiratory depression by positive and negative. We also checked the time of self-voiding. Results: The mean time of analgesia was $10.3{\pm}1.54$, $19.7{\pm}2.22$ and $20.3{\pm}2.29$ hours in group I, II and III respectively. Urinary retention of group I, II and III after block persisted for an average of $20.3{\pm}2.31$, $21.2{\pm}2.51$ and $23.3{\pm}3.74$ hours. Nausea and vomiting were observed 33%, 53%, 67% and itching was observed 53%, 67%, 80% in group I, II and III respectively and respiratory depression did not occur in all groups. Conclusions: It is not necessary to use more than 0.1mg of intrathecal morphine in perianal surgery because analgesia is not prolonged and side effects are increased.