• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.398-401
• /
• 2003

Azo dyes are aromatic compounds characterized by one or more azo bonds $(R_l-N=N-R_2)$. More than 800,000 tons of dyes are produced annually worldwide, of which 60-70% are azo dyes. During manufacturing, an estimated 10-15% is released into the environment. Aside from their negative aesthetic effects, certain azo dyes have been shown to be toxic and, in some cases, these compounds are carcinogenic and mutagenic. To establish biological wastewater treatment of azo dye, it is essential to discover azo dye-degrading microorganisms. In this report, sludge-contaminated with dyes were gathered through wastewater outlets from the industrial regions. The following to separation of bacteria within them, bacteria which decolorize methyl red, a azo dye, were selected and destined.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.121-124
• /
• 2000

Achieving red light-emitting diodes with high quantum and luminous efficiency is required to fabricate the full-color organic electroluminescence display. In this work, we report that devices with 2.3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-21H,23H-porphine palladium (II) (PdOEP), doped into tris(8-Hydroxyquinolinato)-aluminum (III) (Alq3) show a narrow deep red emission (670nm). In addition, PdOEP has been used as host material in which red dyes such as 4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(4-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) doped in order to fabricate efficient red-emitting diodes.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.357-361
• /
• 2009

The authors have demonstrated white oraganic light-emitting diodes (WOLED) using 1,4-bis[2-(4'-diphenylaminobiphenyl-4-yl)vinyl]benzene as fluorescent blue emitter and iridium(III) bis(5-acetyl-2-phenylpyridinato-N,C2') acetylacetonate as phosphorescent red emitter. The optimized WOLED using red host material as bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinato) -4-phenylphenolate exhibited proper color stability in comparison with the control device using 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl as red host. The white device showed a maximum luminance of 21100 $cd/m^2$ at 14 V, luminous efficiency of 9.7 cd/A at 20 $mA/cm^2$, and Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage ($CIE_{x,y}$)coordinates of (0.32, 0.34) at 1000 $cd/m^2$. The devices also exhibited the color shift with ${\Delta}CIE_{x,y}$ coordinates of ${\pm}$ (0.01,0.01) from 100 to 20000 $cd/m^2$.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.270-274
• /
• 2007

To characterize the polysaccharides which exist as soluble forms in fruit wines, crude polysaccharides were isolated from red, white, raspberry, wild grape, and pear wine, respectively. Among them, the crude polysaccharide (RW-0) in red wine showed the highest yield and considerable amounts of thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-positive materials. The pectic polysaccharide RW-2 was purified to homogeneity from RW-0 by subsequent size-exclusion chromatography using Sephadex G-75 and its structure was characterized. RW-2 consisted of 14 different monosaccharides which included rarely observed sugars in general polysaccharides, such as 2-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-xylose, apiose (Api), 3-C-carboxy-5-deoxy-L-xylose (aceric acid, AceA), 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (Kdo), and 3-deoxy-D-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid (Dha). Methylation analysis indicated that RW-2 comprised at least 20 different glycosyl linkages such as 3,4-linked fucose, 2,3,4-linked rhamnose, 3'-linked apiose, and 2,3,3'-linked apiose, being characteristic in rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II). High performance size-exclusion chromatography indicated that RW-2 mainly comprised RG-II of higher molecular weight (12,000), and that the changes of molecular weight to apparent 7,000 under less than pH 2.0 were observed. These analyses indicated that the higher molecular weight polysaccharide in RW-2 was mainly present as a RG-II dimer.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2003

We synthesized bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)(triphenylsiloxy) aluminum (III) (SAlq), a blue-emitting material having a high luminous efficiency, through a homogeneous-phase reaction. The photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) spectra of SAlq show two peaks at 454 nm and 477 nm. Efficient white light-emitting devices are fabricated by doping SAlq with a red fluorescent dye of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6-{2-(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzo[i,j]quinolizin-8yl) vinyl}-4H-pyran (DCM2). The incomplete energy transfer from blue-emitting SAlq to red-emitting DCM2 results in light-emission of both blue and orange colors. Devices with the structure of ITO/TPD (50 nm)/SAlq:DCM2 (30 nm, 0.5 %)/$Alq_3$ (20 nm)/LiF (0.5 nmj/Al show EL peaks at 456 nm and 482 nm originating from SAlq and at 570 nm from DCM2, resulting in the Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.32, 0.37). The device exhibits an external quantum efficiency of about 2.3 % and a luminous efficiency of about 2.41m/W at 100 $cd/m^2$. A maximum luminance of about 23,800 $cd/m^2$ is obtained at the bias voltage of 15 V.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.254-263
• /
• 2021

Background: A chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model has been proposed as relevant to stress-induced behavioral change in humans. In this study, we examined the effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) on CSDS-induced mood disorders and protein expression in an animal model. Methods: To evaluate the effect of KRG on social defeat stress, test mice were exposed in the resident aggressor's home cage compartment for 14 days beginning 1 h after KRG treatment (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, per oral (p.o.)). After the exposure, behavioral tests to measure anxiety, social interaction, and depression-like behavior were performed. To investigate the underlying mechanism, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression levels in CSDS-induced mice were evaluated using Western blot analysis. Results: CSDS induced anxiety-like behaviors by decreasing central activity in the open-field test and open-arm approach in the elevated plus maze test and led to social avoidance behavior in the social interaction test. CSDS mice showed upregulated NR1, NR2A, and NR2B expression in the hippocampus. KRG 20 and 40 mg/kg ameliorated anxiety-like activities and KRG 20 mg/kg alleviated social avoidance by decreasing time in the corner zone. KRG treatment recovered CSDS-induced NR1, NR2A, and NR2B protein levels in the hippocampus. Conclusion: These results indicate that KRG has a therapeutic effect on CSDS-induced mood disorder by alleviating N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor overexpression in the hippocampus.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.136-141
• /
• 2001

Naphthothiazolo carbocyanine is of industrial importance as red-sensitizing dye in the spectral sensitization of emulsion microcrystals in negative film-making. In this study, red-sensitizing dye was prepared by the reaction of 2-methyl-3-sulfopropyl-4,5-naphthothiazolium(inner salt) with triethyl orthoacetate in the presence of triethylamine. The product was identified by using various analytical tools such as Elemental analyzer, IR spectrophotometer, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Mass spectrometer, $^{1}H-NMR$ spectrometer, TGA and DSC. The maximum absorption peak in methanol solvent was 573nm. Therefore, it was concluded that naphthothiazolo carbocyanine dye can be used as red0sensitizing dye for the spectral sensitization of photographic emulsion.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2002

Plant growth promoting activity of quinolinone metabolites, 2-(2-hepteny)-3-methyl-4-quinolinone (1), 2-heptyl-3-methyl-4-quinolinone, and 2-nonyl-3-methyl-4-quinolinone, produced by Pseudomonas cepacia and ethyl 2-methyl-3-alkyl-4-quinolinone carboxylates chemically synthesized were tested by using seed-germination assay, growth increments in plant height after foliar applications. Plant height increment, fresh weight, and the number of fruits were measured after seed-soaking and drench treatment. Compound 1 among the natural products showed a consistent growth promoting effect in seed-germination and plant height after a foliar application. After a seed-soaking and drench treatment, compound 1 and synthetic ethyl 2-methyl-4-quinolinone-3-carboxylate (5) showed a significant enhancement in fresh weight and the number of fruits after harvest. Compound 1 and 5 increased the number of fruits per plant by 44% and 84% over the control, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1993.11a
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1993

Capsaicin [N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-trans-8-methyl -6-nonenamide], a pungent principle of red pepper. is known to induce analgesia. Though it has shown remarkable pharmacological activity, the toxicity and side effects inhibited its wider application. The interest has been renewed by the emergence of its agonists, resineferatoxin and ruthenium red. Recently, few successful capsaicinoids including 01vanil (NE-19550), NE-28345, and NE-21610 were reported.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.12
• /
• pp.4247-4252
• /
• 2011

The porphyrin-incorporated arylether dendrimers ZnP-D1 and ZnP-D4 were investigated to discover the influence of dendritic environments for the axial ligation of pyridine and photoinduced electron transfer by methyl viologen. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were measured in dichloromethane with the addition of pyridine or methyl viologen dichloride. Axial ligation of pyridine was confirmed by red-shifted absorption spectrum. The complex formation constants $K_f$ (Table 1) for axial coordination of pyridine on ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were estimated to be $4.4{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, $3.3{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, and $1.7{\times}10^3\;M^{-1}$, respectively. The photoinduced electron transfer to methyl viologen dichloride was confirmed by fluorescence quenching. Stern-Volmer constants Ksv for ZnP, ZnP-D1, and ZnP-D4 were calculated to be $2.6{\times}10^3$, $2.5{\times}10^3$, and $2.1{\times}10^3$, respectively. ZnP-D4 surrounded by 4 aryl ether dendrons shows the smallest $K_f$ and Ksv values, with comparison to ZnP and ZnP-D1.