• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to understand the meaning of women's experience of spontaneous delivery with midwives at midwifery clinics or home. Methods: van Kaam's Psychophenomenological method composed of a four-stage, 12-step format was used. In-depth interviews were carried out from January to July, 2011, with twelve women. Results: Through the data analysis, 403 significant statements, 172 elements, 48 subcategories, and 19 categories were extracted, and from the 19 categories, 8 themes were drawn. The eight themes were: "Conflict on whether a hospital or a midwifery clinic", "Choosing natural delivery with the assurance of her ability to delivery spontaneously and having trust in the midwives." "Being encouraged by a midwife and family members with one accord", "Experience of the spontaneous delivery process on body", "Comfortable delivery in spite of painful process", "Deeply impressed by the overwhelming joy of birth", "Satisfaction with spontaneous delivery", and "Deeper love among family members". Conclusion: Through this study, women's delivery experiences with midwives was of spontaneous delivery. Women's birth of self-confidence and trust between the midwives and the women to predict a spontaneous delivery is a powerful factor. Also, family support and midwives delicate care was identified as factors in spontaneous delivery.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.232-243
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• 2022

Changes in household composition and the residential environment have had a considerable impact on the features of postal delivery regions in recent years, resulting in a large increase in the overall workload of domestic postal delivery services. In this paper, we provide complex analysis results for postal delivery areas using various unsupervised learning approaches. First, we extract highly influential features using several feature-engineering methods. Then, using quantitative and qualitative cluster analyses, we find the distinctive traits and semantics of postal delivery zones. Unsupervised learning approaches are useful for successfully grouping postal service zones, according to our findings. Furthermore, by comparing a postal delivery region to other areas in the same group, workload balancing was achieved.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.353-361
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• 2009

Purpose: This study aimed to provide fundamental information about childbirth and antenatal care for pregnancy women and to find differences in mother's antenatal care and delivery service satisfaction between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Methods: This study was conducted in 4 residential areas and a study sample of 184 postpartum mothers who agreed to collect data. Data was collected from September 1 to October 20 2007 and a structured questionnaire were recruited by the survey. The data was analyzed by t-test and chi-squire test using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: There was a significant difference in delivery place between vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery. Only 10.7% of vaginal delivery group delivered in general hospitals, however 24.5% of the cesarean section group delivered in general hospitals. Early antenatal care also showed statistical difference in mode of delivery. 43.5% of vaginal delivery mothers visited hospitals for the detection of pregnancy but 28.3% of cesarean section mothers did that. Vaginal delivery mothers more satisfied with her own delivery method and suggested a vaginal delivery to others. Conclusion: These results suggest that cesarean section mother's sensitivity of early antenatal care was less than vaginal delivery mother. Satisfaction related to delivery care services were higher in the vaginal delivery group.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was a descriptive survey research that aimed to investigate the stress level of pregnant women and subsequent effect of emergency cesarean delivery on anxiety and subjective anxiety statuses. Methods: The study samples were 233, including 109 emergency cesarean delivery and 124 normal vaginal deliveries between May 1, 2014, and August 26, 2014, in the Gwangju Metropolitan City. Results: None of the results showed any significant statistical difference in psychological stress between emergency cesarean delivery during mid-pregnancy and normal vaginal delivery (t = 1.784, p = .076). Emergency cesarean delivery has a significantly high level of anxiety (t = 10.849, p < .001) and subjective anxiety statuses (t = 13.294, p < .001) compared with normal vaginal delivery. Conclusion: A prenatal education program for stress and anxiety from emergency cesarean delivery needs to be developed for more effective stress management.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2023

Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines and treatments have recently emerged as a promising strategy. Naked mRNA presents various limitations for direct delivery. Therefore, in this paper, Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) were utilized for the delivery of mRNA. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA systems are highly effective as vaccines, but their efficacy for pulmonary delivery has not yet been fully established. Additionally, research on effective delivery systems and administration methods for vaccines is required to resolve the stability and degradation issues associated with naked mRNA delivery. This study aimed to determine mRNA delivery efficiency via the inhalation of a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulation designed specifically for pulmonary delivery. To this purpose, we built a library of seven LNP configurations with different lipid molar and N/P ratios and evaluated their encapsulation efficiency using gel retardation assay. Among the tested LNPs, LNP1, LNP2-2, and LNP3-2 demonstrated high transfection efficiency in vitro based on FACS analyses luciferase assays, and intracellular accumulation tests. The mRNA delivery efficiencies of the selected LNPs after inhalation and intravenous injection were compared and evaluated. LNP2-2 showed the highest mRNA expression in healthy mouse lungs when aerosolized and was found to be non-toxic. These results indicate that LNP2-2 is a promising carrier for lung mRNA delivery via inhalation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.549-552
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• 2021

Clinical applications of stromal cells obtained mechanically from adipose tissue are quite popular methods. However, generally accepted protocols still do not exist. In this study, three new delivery methods using different protocols are presented as innovative methods in accordance with an approach called "Indication-based protocols." In mechanical methods, before cutting the fat tissue with ultra-sharp blades, which we define as "Adinizing," mixing it with different liquids such as saline or plasma provides the stromal cells in liquid form with high number and viability as a final product. At the same time, since stromal cells and extracellular matrix are preserved by mechanical methods, it was deemed appropriate to use the term total stromal cells (TOST) instead of stromal vascular fraction for this final product, unlike the product obtained with the enzyme. TOST can be combined with plasma and used for dermal filling in "solid" form. In addition to this filling effect, it will also cause a change in the tissue regeneratively. Finally, the stromal cells obtained from liquid can be applied clinically in aerosol form with the help of nebulizer. We believe that three innovative delivery methods can be used successfully in the treatment of many clinical situations in the future.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.479-488
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• 2023

Background: By applying the suggested criteria for needs-based chronic medical care and long-term care delivery system for the elderly, the current status of delivery system was identified and regional delivery systems were categorized according to quantity and quality of delivery system. Methods: National claims data were used for this study. All claims data of medical and long-term care uses by the elderly and all claims data from long-term care hospitals and nursing homes in 2016 were analyzed to categorize the regional medical and long-term care delivery system. The current status of the delivery system with a high possibility of transition to a needs-based appropriate delivery system was identified. The necessary and actual amount of regional supply was calculated based on their needs, and the structure of delivery systems was evaluated in terms of the needs-based quality of the system. Finally, all regions were categorized into 15 types of medical and care delivery systems for the elderly. Results: Of the total 55 regions, 89.1% of regions had an oversupply of elderly medical and care services compared to the necessary supply based on their needs. However, 69.1% of regions met the criteria for less than two types of needs groups, and 21.8% of regions were identified as regions where the numbers of institutions or regions with a high possibility of transition to an appropriate delivery system were below the average levels for all four needs groups. Conclusion: In order to establish an appropriate community-based integrated elderly care system, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the regional delivery system categories and to plan a needs-based delivery system regionally.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.243-262
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• 2009

Purpose: In recent, there have been a lot of studies exploring effective methods to relieve pains and sufferings of women delivered of child. The ultimate purpose of the study is to investigate the developmental trends of the complementary alternative medicine(CAM, hereafter), which has increasingly obtained the approval of the women and therefore established the academic foundations in effect. Methods: Systematic analysis with diverse written materials concerning the complementary alternative medicine was carried out. For the analysis, materials related with the issue of the study were searched at the Pubmed, the Korea Education & Research Information Service. Results: 1. One of the results of interest is the verification of the fact in that diverse complementary therapies are nowadays substantially applied to the many situations of delivery and childbirth. 2. The results showed clearly that CAM has several prominent influences on the whole process of the delivery: from the reduce of the pains and the time for delivery, to increasement of the satisfactional level of the mother. 3. According to the results, the emphasis of CAM is mainly placed not just on the relieving of pains and sufferings of the mothers, but on empowering them to face them with self-confidence. 4. The results of the study suggest strongly that the professionals should provide mothers with useful information and methods to help them to get through the pains during the delivery period. Conclusion: The result of the study is to suggest persuasively that more systematic attention should be paid to the researches exploring effectiveness and stability and safety of CAM.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2022

Various non-face-to-face services are being activated due to the influence of the Corona 19 virus around the world. However, unlike the rapid development of delivery services, social awareness of delivery services is causing many problems. Therefore, in this study, we analyze the quality attributes of delivery services from the consumer's point of view, and based on the results, we try to derive a direction for service improvement. In this study, quality factors were established through interviews and surveys with actual consumers, and quality attributes were classified through the Kano model and Timko's customer satisfaction coefficient. "Attractive" is ('Ease of ordering, Accurate delivery to the designated place'), "One Dimensional" is ('Variety of payment methods, Accurate delivery on time, Accurate delivery of ordered food, Degree of non-deformation of packaging conditions, etc., Convenience of use time'), "Must be" is ('Kindness of the delivery person'), "Reverse" is ('provision of services, service response to order discrepancies'). This study has academic significance in that it compensated for the disadvantage of not being able to interpret the mathematical meaning of the Kano model with Teamco's customer satisfaction coefficient. It also has practical implications in that it provides an indirect clue to future improvement directions.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2000

The researcher would like to suggest that the delivery experience varies depending on the personal situation and the childbirth experiences of the mother. The goals of this study are : 1. To find out the subjectivity structure on delivery experience. 2. To describe the differences in delivery experience depending on the delivery methods. 3. To suggest effective nursing intervention for each type. Q-methodology was used for the research design. One of the main reasons to use this Q methodology. Because each individual's delivery experience can be different. The result of this study shows that the subjectivity related to the delivery experience of mother has at least four distinctive types. Type I mothers can be named as "Motherhood Identity Recognition Type". Type I subjects accept delivery experience very positively, show interest in the health of the baby, and identify their motherliness with responsibility. Type II mothers can be named "Leaping to Maturity Type". It can be explained as a state that mothers experience pain, but by understanding and enduring the pain, the pain is changed to maturity. Type III mothers can be named as "Pride Experience Type". Type III feels vaginal delivery as a process to become a real mothers, and have great pride in making this type of significant emotiange delivery. Therefore, they think the labor pain is worth the value and believes that there are other differences between vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Mothers of Type III take the delivery experience to be meaningful. Type IV mothers can be named as "Lack of Motherhood Transition Type". This type does not seem to feel sorry for their babies for going through a cesarean section delivery. The also do not have the satisfaction of delivery and motherliness identity is low. In addition, they especially do not feel affection towards their babies. Also, because they delivered babies in a state of anesthetics, they do not seem to feel much different, but show negative reactions toward themselves.ow negative reactions toward themselves.