• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 2015

Presence, flow, and arousal are interesting user experiences provided by video and people's demand for media which responds to personal interest is getting strong. This research compares video watching and game play by conducting a survey and measuring brain wave to find out the difference of those user experiences in the two media. As a result, all the three user experiences were proved to be significantly higher in game play than video watching. And those EEG frequencies which are known to be related to the state of flow were also measured higher scalp distribution of the game play group. Finally, presence, arousal, and EEG(${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$) were found to have influence on the flow state in game play. This research is intended to prove above relations by experiment and make a contribution to the theoretical and methodological improvement in the related area.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.526-539
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was undertaken to develop and test a mastery learning program of nursing skills for undergraduate nursing students. Methods: In this methodological study, first, the preliminary draft of a mastery learning program to provide training for nursing skills was developed based on Bloom's framework for mastery learning. Second, to test the developed program, a single-blinded, nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized study was conducted on 50 senior nursing students in a University selected by convenient sampling. Thirteen students were assigned to a control group; 13, 12, and 13 of them were assigned to intravenous therapy, transfusion, and patient transfer groups, respectively. The achievement levels and performance scores of the selected nursing skills were measured before and after the completion of the program in all the groups. Lastly, the final program was confirmed based on the results of the program testing. Results: Intravenous therapy, transfusion, and patient transfer were selected as essential nursing skills for the program based on the priorities rated by clinical instructors and staff nurses. The achievement levels of selected nursing skills were determined by Angoff scores. After participating in the program, the proportion of passers and performance scores of the nursing skills in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The final program was confirmed which included a diagnostic test, enrichment activities for the passers and three repetitions of corrective activities and formative assessments for non-passers. Conclusion: The results suggest that a mastery learning program for undergraduate students can lead to better improvement and performance of essential nursing skills.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-130
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• 2011

Objective : This study aimed qualitative change of traditional korean medical public health programs (TKM-PHP) by the research of present condition, problems and improvement direction about TKM-PHP. Methods : Data were collected from 222 of 996 public health oriental medical doctors(PHOMD) using the structured questionnaire by e-mail. Collected data were analyzed through frequency analysis, T-test, and ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 and significant level was 0.05. Results : 59.5% of the respondents said that the TKM-PHP are not efficiently executed because there are not enough motivations to entice oriental medical doctors in charge of the programs and because PHOMD and the government officials in charge lack in relevant experiences and skills. A majority of the PHOMD recognize a need for activating the TKM-PHP but less actively participate in the programs since there is not a good rewarding system and there are neither standard manuals nor methodological guidelines for the programs. In order to activate the TKM-PHP, it is urgent to employ full-time oriental medical doctors and to continually and systematically appoint the professional manpower in charge. And it is also needed for the state to secure an adequate budget and prepare schemes for persistently train such professionals. Conclusion : Activating the TKM-PHP will lead to the development of TKM, but there are still such problems as lack of the professional manpower in charge, an excessive burden of the duties of PHOMD, lack of program manuals, and a poor system for evaluation. To solve these problems, it is advised to construct foundations for administerial supports, draw up a standard manual, prepare a system for evaluation in consideration of the characteristics of TKM, and hire professionals to ensure sustainable programs.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2002

A contemporary design which might accept diversity through the coming materialised world and the development of communication of technology Quickly, would have no more new design value with such a design thought that is still fixed by general and principle rule. Because there are a lot of requirements of new relationship between humans who are going to have more sensitivity and things which are born continuously Even though Droog Design is a young design group, they have been recognised by the design community for their experimental approach and re-think not only as a function but also as a concept of existing things. Their thought is that humans have been given a better quality of life through design, and that there should be responsibility for abuse in the material world and has to do with the improvement of things related with human life. Particularly when dealing with form-giving they endow it not just as a tool but also as a sensitivity and experience with both human and human-made artifacts. Like A design mentality of Droog Design, which is extraordinary originality and methodological skills, is a stimulus on a contemporary design.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.281-293
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to develop a program of oral health education for children and to furnish basic data contributing to the improvement of children's oral health. In this study, we tried to analyze and discover the types of recognition in parents of children's oral care. With the use of Q-methodology that could systematically and scientifically estimate the subjectivity of humans, 28 parents were collected as a P-sample. 3 general types were discovered. The characteristics of each type were the following: Type 1. "Serious consideration of prevention care type" took a positive attitude to their children's oral care, were knowledgable, and maintained high concern about oral care. They regularly visited dentists for prevention and believed in caries prevention through brushing teeth. They also put high trust in dentists. Type 2. "Disposition by the existing state type" believed that caries could develop even with brushing teeth and could be inherited from parents, Practically, they had a passive attitude to their children's oral care depending on stages and were more concerned with the appearance of dentition than with their children's oral health. Type 3. "Home care-centered type" had less knowledge about children's oral care than the other two types and was careless for teeth prevention. Therefore, they had not intended to participate in the oral health education program.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.132-143
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of psychodrama group counselling, and to determine its applicability as a nursing intervention for the promotion of mental health of clients in their developmental stages. Methodological triangulation was used for research design. For quantitative study, quasi experimental study design with nonequivalent control group was used to test the effects of psychodrama group counselling. For each experimental and control group convenient samples of 15 nursing students were selected, and observed from May to Nov. 2000. For experimental group, the treatment was given for 2 hours each week, totaling 20 hours. The questionnaire consisted of 24 items of physical symptoms from CMI. 40 items of Spielberger Anxiety Scale, and 21 items of Beck Depression Scale. Reflective journal was written by the experimental group. The data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test. For the qualitative study, the contents of the reflective journal were analyzed into categories and classifications. The results of the study were as follows; 1. There was a significant difference on physical health status between the experimental and the control group 2. There was a significant difference between two groups on the mean scores of mental health before and after psychodrama group counselling. 3. The qualitative analysis of reflective journal resulted in 4 categories and 13 classifications, which was reflected by the experience of the psychodrama group counselling. The four categories were self introspection, psychological support, improvement of interpersonal relationship and self development. The thirteen classifications are self-discovery, discovering others, emotional catharsis, positive thinking, formation of consensus, comforting, being free, being comfortable, understanding, maturing personal relationship, acquiring self-confidence, new challenges, and planning for the future. Based on the study findings, the psychodrama group counselling had promoted not only physical but also mental health of nursing students. The characteristics identified by the study suggested the applicability of psychodrama group counselling as an effective measure of nursing intervention for clients.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 1993

Ring Sector Plate Supported by Elastic Beam Although all the reinforced concrete circular ring sector plates are elastically supported, it is conventional to simplify their supporting conditions as fixed or simply-supported ones assuming that their supporting beam has infinite stiffness. However, in order to obtain a precise solution, it should be required to consider the stiffness of their supporting beam. As a methodological improvement to the precise analysis, "Reinforced Concrete Model" previously developed by the author was applied to the structural analysis of the reinforced concrete circular ring sector plates with elastically supported beam. The results of analysis in the cases under various conditions of open angle, steel ratio, relative stiffness(EI/DL) between plate and supporting beam were summarized as follows ; 1.Although the effect of relative stiffness between plate and supporting beam varies depending on the magnitude of open angle, in general, it shows the largest when not more than 5.0 and negligible when not less than 10.0. Therefore, it would be considered as fixed supporting condition :in the case of its open angle of 0$^{\circ}$rectangular plates), its stiffness ratio being not less than 10.0 and in the other case of its open angle of 30$^{\circ}$, its stiffness ratio being not less than 5.0. 2.In the rectangular plates, the effect of steel ratio is considerable in no supporting condition, but neglible in the supporting condition. So, the effect of steel ratio should be negligible in the case of the elastically supported circular ring sector plates. 3.However, the effect of steel ratio is much more considerable in the case of the fixed supported circular plates, especially, when steel ratio being not more than 1.0% and stiffness ratio being smaller. So, the effect of steel ratio should be considered in the analysis of reinforced concreate circular ring sector plates with fixed conditions. 4.The effect of open angle is greater in the case of without-supporting beam conditions. However, in the other case of with-supporting beam conditions, the effect is a little bit when open angle of not more than 300 and negligible when open angle of not more than 30$^{\circ}$.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.420-430
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to review the literature to determine whether intensive pelvic floor muscle training during pregnancy and after delivery could prevent urinary and fecal incontinence. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of low-risk obstetric populations who had done Kegel exercise during pregnancy and after delivery met the inclusion criteria. Articles published between 1966 and 2012 from periodicals indexed in Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, KoreaMed, NDSL and other databases were selected, using the following keywords: 'Kegel, pelvic floor exercise'. The Cochrane's Risk of Bias was applied to assess the internal validity of the RCT. Fourteen selected studies were analyzed by meta-analysis using RevMan 5.1. Results: Fourteen RCTs with high methodological quality, involving 6,454 women were included. They indicated that Kegel exercise significantly reduced the development of urinary and fecal incontinence from pregnancy to postpartum. Also, there was low clinical heterogeneity. Conclusion: There is some evidence that for antenatal and postnatal women, Kegel exercise can prevent urinary and fecal incontinence. Therefore, a priority task is to develop standardized Kegel exercise programs for Korean pregnant and postpartum women and make efficient use of these programs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.392-405
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to develop a self-reflection program for nurses who have experienced the death of pediatric patients in the intensive care unit and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: The self-reflection program was developed by means of the following four steps: establishment of the goal through investigation of an initial request, drawing up the program, preliminary research, and implementation and improvement of the program. The study employed a methodological triangulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Participants were 38 nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients (experimental group=15, control group=23); they were recruited using convenience sampling. The self-reflection program was provided over 6 weeks (6 sessions). Data were collected from April to August, 2014 and analyzed using t-tests and content analysis. Results: The quantitative results showed that changes in personal growth (t=-6.33, p<.001) and burnout scores (z=-2.76, p=.005) were better in the experimental group compared to the control group. The qualitative results exhibited two themes, namely "personal growth" and "professional growth", and ten sub-themes. Conclusion: The self-reflection program developed by this study was effective in helping nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients to achieve personal growth through self-reflection, and it was confirmed that the program can be applied in a realistic clinical nursing setting. Furthermore, it can be recommended as an intervention program for clinical nurses.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.106-131
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• 2016

The general purpose of this paper is to identify opportunities for and to measure existing collaboration on research and development between institutions from the countries of Asia and Latin America in FEALAC's framework, in the fields of biotechnology and nanotechnology and their convergence. The methodological approach includes scientific and technological surveillance and research seeking to identify both the R&D and innovation capacities of the countries as well as the degree of international cooperation between countries of the two regions; case studies and a study of the governance framework of international collaboration in R&D about issues considered global challenges. The study has three main findings. First, nanotechnology, biotechnology and their convergence contribute to solving the problem of contamination by heavy metals affecting most of the countries that are part of FEALAC and to address problems arising from the accelerated rate of energy consumption, which also contributes to environmental damage. In this scenario, important business opportunities arise from the adaptation and development of bio-refinery technologies. Second, the scientific relationship between FEALAC countries, mainly between Asian and Latin American countries, is weak as can be seen in research for articles and patents. But there is plenty of room and potential for improvement. Third, current and upcoming joint R&D programs and projects should be linked both to existing governance structures and to new ones that serve as experiments of STI public policy regarding innovative management of intellectual property and capacity building. Practical implications are included in lessons learned and a set of recommendations involving a couple of proposals. One proposal calls for research and innovation in promising fields for international cooperation. Another proposal creates mechanisms in the governance framework for sharing knowledge, capacity building, and funding.