• Title/Summary/Keyword: Methionine supplementation

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Effects of Different Forms of Chromium Supplements on Serum Glucose, Insulin and Lipids in Rats

  • Ohh, Sang-Jip;Kim, Chang-Hyeuk;Shin, Jong-Seo;Sung, Kyung-Il;Kim, Hyun-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.342-345
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    • 2004
  • This study evaluated the effects of different forms of chromium supplements on serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups and fed AIN-76 semi-purified basal diets supplemented with 300 ppb Cr from Cr methionine (CrMet) and Cr chloride $(CrCI_3)$ or without Cr (control). By the end of the $4^{th}$ week, all rats were decapitated, blood collected, and serum glucose, insulin and lipid concentrations were determined. The CrMet and $CrCl_3$ supplementation did not affect weight gain and feed efficiency ratio. However, feed intake was significantly higher in CrMet groups than control (p < 0.05). CrMet-supplemented rats had markedly increased insulin levels (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Serum lipids were not significantly different between the control and the CrMet groups. $CrCl_3$ supplementation decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride, but the decreases were only significant for the control group. $CrCl_3$ supplementation was associated with significant decreases in total cholesterol compared with CrMet supplementation. These results indicate that CrMet supplementation is effective for increasing serum insulin, and $CrCl_32$ may improve lipid concentrations, because we observed decreased serum total cholesterol and an improved total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (THR).

Effect of Chromium Methionine Supplementation on Obesity Index and Serum Lipids in Rats (Chromium Methionine첨가가 비만지수 및 지질 대사에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Hyun-Sook;Lee, Sun-Yeon;Kim, Chang-Hyeuk;Ohh, Sang-Jip;Shin, Jong-Seo;Sung, Kyung-Il
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.706-709
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    • 2003
  • Chromium (Cr) plays an important role in body composition. Several human and animal studies of Cr supplementation have reported increases in lean body mass, often with concurrent decreases in body fat. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of supplemental Cr as chromium methionine (CrMet) on obesity index, body fat and serum lipids in rats. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of nine rats. Rats received a AIN-76 semipetrified basal diet or high fat diet supplemented with 300 ppb CrCl$_3$and CrMet as well as no added dietary Cr (referred to as Control, HF, HFCr, and HFCrMet). After 6 weeks on the respective diets, animals were killed and analyzed for differences in serum lipid concentrations. Rats supplemented with CrMet had a slightly higher naso-anal length and final body weight was decreased. The lowest obesity index and body fat content were found in CrMet supplemented animals (p〈0,05). Supplemental CrMet decreased the total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol. The significant differences observed were total cholesterol concentration for CrMet supplementation. These indicate that supplemental Cr, as chromium methionine, resulted in a significant decrease of obesity index and body fat and influence serum lipid concentrations, possibly by decreasing the body fat.

Effects of Oral Taurine Supplementation on Plasma Concentration and Urinary Excretion of Free Amino Acids in Healthy Female Adults (타우린복용이 정상 성인여성의 혈장 유리아미노산 농도 및 소변내 배설에 미치는 영향)

  • 차희숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.158-165
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    • 1999
  • Effects of oral taurine supplementation (6g/day) on plasma concentration and urinary of free amino acids were evaluated in healthy female adults. Among twenty five female volunteers(23.6$\pm$0.3 years old) participated in the taurine supplementation program, twenty four subjects successfully completed the two supplementation program. Plasma and urinary levels of free amino acids were determined by using an automated amino acid analyzer based on ion-exchange chromatography. Two weeks of taurine supplementation resulted in a 65% increase in plasma taurine concentration (p<0.001), Changes in fasting plasma amino acid concentrations followed by taurine supplementation were not spectacular, and were all within the normal range for human aldults. Taurine supplementation significantly elevated urinary methionine, asparagine, hydorxyproline and phosphoserine excretions(31~280%), and significantly decreased the urinary excretions of isoleucine, glutamate and serine compared to the values prior to taurine supplementation. For almost every individual amino acids, 24 hr urinary excretion level was significantly correlated to the urinary excretion value expressed as nmol/mg creatinine(p<0.001). A significant negative correlation found between plasma glutamine concentration and urinary glutamine excretion level suggests that the decrease in plasma glutamine concentration might be associated with the enhanced glutamine excretion in urine followed by taurine supplementation.

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Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Cu-methionine Chelate and Cu-soy Proteinate on the Performance, Small Intestinal Microflora and Immune Response in Laying Hens (사료내 Cu-methionine Chelate와 Cu-soy Proteinate가 산란계의 생산성, 소장내 미생물 균총 및 면역체계에 미치는 영향)

  • Paik, I.K.;Kim, C.H.;Park, K.W.
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.303-311
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of Cu-methionine chelate(Cu-Met) and Cu-soy proteinate(Cu-SP) on the performance, small intestinal microflora and immune response in laying hens. A total of 960 Hy-line $Brown^{(R)}$ laying hens of 39 wks old were assigned to one of the following 6 dietary treatment: control(C), antibiotic(Avilamycine 6 ppm), Cu-Met 50 and Cu-Met 100(50 and 100 ppm Cu as Cu-methionine chelate), Cu-SP 50 and Cu-SP 100(50 and 100ppm Cu as Cu-soy proteinate). Each treatment was replicated 4 times with forty birds per replication, housed in 2 birds per cages. Forty birds units were arranged according to randomized block design. Feeding trial lasted 6 wks under 16 hours lighting regimen. Hen-day and hen-house egg production of groups treated with Antibiotic and Cu supplements tended to be higher than the control with significant difference (P<0.05) shown between Cu-Me 100 and control. Egg weight was significantly (P<0.05) heavier in antibiotic and Cu-SP treatments than Cu-Met treatments but they were not significantly different from the control. Eggshell strength, egg shell thickness, egg yolk color and Haugh unit were not significantly different among treatments. There were no significant differences in leukocytes and erythrocytes in the chicken blood. But mean corpuscular hemoglobin value(MCH) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Cu-SP 100 than antibiotic treatment. The concentrations of serum IgG and IgA were not significantly different among treatments. Copper concentration in the liver tended to increase as the level of copper supplementation increased, that of Cu-SP 100 being significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of the control and antibiotic treatment. Concentrations of iron and zinc of the liver were not significantly influenced by treatments. Populations of Cl. perfringens and Lactobacilli in the small intestinal content were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by treatments. Population of Cl. perfringens decreased and that of Lactobacilli increased in the copper supplemented groups. The result of this experiment showed that Cu-Met and Cu-SP are comparable to antibiotic in improving egg production in laying hens. Birds fed diets supplemented with Cu-SP produced heavier eggs than those fed diets with Cu-Met. There were no significant differences in the performances between 50 ppm and 100 ppm copper supplementation as organic forms.

Growth Performance, Humoral Immune Response and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Alkali Processed Karanj Cake Incorporated Diet Supplemented with Methionine

  • Panda, K.;Sastry, V.R.B.;Mandal, A.B.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.677-681
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    • 2005
  • A study was conducted to see the effect of dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processed solvent extracted karanj cake (SKC) supplemented with methionine on growth performance, humoral immune response and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from 0 to 8 weeks of age. One hundred and twenty, day- old broiler chicks were wing banded, vaccinated against Marek' disease and distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) into 3 groups of 40 chicks each, which was further replicated to 4 and fed on diet containing soybean meal and those of test groups were fed diets containing alkali (1.5% NaOH) treated SKC partially replacing soybean meal nitrogen of reference diet (12.5%) without or with supplementation of methionine (0.2%). Individual body weight of chicks and replicate-wise feed intakes were recorded at weekly intervals throughout the experimental period. Feed consumption from 1 to 14, 28, 42 and 56 d of age was recorded for each replicate and feed conversion efficiency (weight gain/feed intake) for the respective period was calculated. Mortality was monitored on daily basis. On 28$^{th}$ day of experimental feeding, two birds of each replicate in each dietary group (8 birds/diet) were inoculated with 0.1 ml of a 1.0% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the antibody titre (log 2) was measured after 5 days by the microtitre haemmagglutination procedure. After 42 days of experimental feeding, a retention study of 4 days (43-47 d) duration was conducted on all birds to determine the retention of various nutrients such as DM, N, Ca, P and GE. On 43$^{rd}$ day of experimental feeding, one representative bird from each replicate of a dietary treatment (4/dietary group) was sacrificed, after fasting for two hours with free access to water, through cervical dislocation to observe the weight of dressed carcass, primal cuts (breast, thigh, drumstick, back, neck and wing), giblet (liver, heart and gizzard), abdominal fat and digestive organs. The body weight gain of chicks fed reference diet and those fed diet incorporated with NaOH treated SKC (12.5% replacement) with or without methionine supplementation was comparable during 0 to 4 weeks of age. However, dietary incorporation of alkali processed SKC replacing 12.5% nitrogen moiety of soybean meal resulted in growth retardation, subsequently as evidenced by significantly (p<0.05) lowered body weight gain during 0 to 6 weeks of age in birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC at 6.43% without methionine as compared to those supplemented with methionine or reference diet. Dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH) processed SKC replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen in the diet of broiler chickens had no adverse effect on feed conversion ratio during all the weeks of experimental feeding. The humoral immune response (HIR) as measured by the antibody titre in response to SRBC inoculation was comparable among all the dietary groups. No significant difference in the intake and retention of DM, N, Ca, P or GE was noted among the chicks fed reference and alkali processed SKC incorporated diets with or without methionine supplementation. None of the carcass traits varied significantly due to dietary variations, except the percent weight of liver and giblet. The percent liver weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC as compared to that in other two groups. Thus solvent extracted karanj cake could be incorporated after alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processing at an enhanced level of 6.43%, replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen, in the broiler diets up to 4 weeks of age, beyond which the observed growth depression on this diet could be alleviated by 0.2% methionine supplementation.

Comparing Bio-efficacy of Liquid DL-methionine Hydroxy Analogue Free Acid with DL-methionine in Broiler Chickens

  • Mandal, A.B.;Elangovan, A.V.;Johri, T.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.102-108
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    • 2004
  • The present experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue free fatty acid (MHAFA) in comparison to DL-methionine (DL-Met) utilizing day-old commercial broiler chicks (n=300). The chicks were randomly distributed into 30 groups of 10 chicks each. Three dietary treatments, viz. D1-maize-soybean meal based basal diet (Control), D2- control diet supplemented with DL- methionine to meet its requirements and D3-control supplemented with MHA-FA @ 1.54 times of DL-methionine used in D2, were formulated. Each dietary treatment was offered to 10 replicated groups of chicks following completely random design (CRD). The chicks fed on supplemental DL-Met had significantly higher (p<0.01) gain in body weight, followed by MHA-FA group and control during 0-3 weeks of age. During overall growth period (0-6 weeks), chicks in DL-Met and MHA-FA groups grew better (p<0.01) than those in control. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved (p<0.01) on supplementation of either DL- Met or MHA-FA in the basal (Control) diet during 0-3 weeks of age. The FCR for overall period, however, did not differ statistically (p>0.05) amongst the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets with DL-Met or MHA-FA were higher (p<0.01) than that in Control. Abdominal fat pad was also more (p<0.01) in broilers fed control diet than in DL-Met or MHA-FA supplemented group. Breast yield was higher (p<0.05) in MHA-FA fed broilers than those fed DL-methionine supplemented or un-supplemented diets. The efficacy of MHA-FA in comparison to DL-Met for growth was 62.11, 64.82 and 63.88% and for feed efficiency was 62.98, 67.73 and 64.01% at 0-3, 3-6 and 0-6 weeks of age, respectively, while it was 65.85, 71.40 and 67.49% for eviscerated yield, abdominal fat pad reduction and breast yield at 6 weeks of age, respectively.

Effects of dietary supplementation of high-dose folic acid on biomarkers of methylating reaction in vitamin $B_{12}$-deficient rats

  • Min, Hye-Sun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.122-127
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    • 2009
  • Folate is generally considered as a safe water-soluble vitamin for supplementation. However, we do not have enough information to confirm the potential effects and safety of folate supplementation and the interaction with vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. It has been hypothesized that a greater methyl group supply could lead to compensation for vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. On this basis, the present study was conducted to examine the effects of high-dose folic acid (FA) supplementation on biomarkers involved in the methionine cycle in vitamin $B_{12}$-deficient rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing either 0 or $100{\mu}g$ (daily dietary requirement) vitamin $B_{12}/kg$ diet with either 2 mg (daily dietary requirement) or 100 mg FA/kg diet for six weeks. Vitamin $B_{12}$-deficiency resulted in increased plasma homocysteine (p<0.01), which was normalized by dietary supplementation of high-dose FA (p<0.01). However, FA supplementation and vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency did not alter hepatic and brain S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) concentrations and hepatic DNA methylation. These results indicated that supplementation of high-dose FA improved homocysteinemia in vitamin $B_{12}$-deficiency but did not change SAM and SAH, the main biomarkers of methylating reaction.

Effects of Amino Acid Balance of Dietary Casein and Soy Protein on the Plasma and Liver Cholesterol Levels in Young Chicks (사료중 Casein 및 대두단백질의 아미노산 균형이 병아리의 혈액 및 간조직내의 Cholesterol함량에 미치는 영향)

  • 김현숙;지규만;최인숙
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.43-54
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    • 1995
  • Effects of dietary protein sources and their amino acid compositions on the liver and plasma cholesterol levels in growing Single Comb white Leghorn male chicks were studied. A diet containing isolated soy protein (21% cp) was supplemented with 0.5% DL-methionine and 0.3% L-glycine. and another diet containing casein(21% cp) was supplemented with 1.5% L-arginine HCl, 0.4% DL-methionine. and 1.0% L-glycine. Plasma cholesterol level was markedly lower in groups force-fed the diets containing either soy protein or casein supplemented with amino acids compared to those found in birds fed corresponding diets without amino acids supplementation. The cholesterol lowering effect of the casein diet. when balanced with various supplemental amino acids appeared to be due to arginine instead of methionine or glycine. It is likely that amino acid balance rather than the composition of a specific amino acid is one of the major factors determining the effect of dietary protein sources on the blood cholesterol levels in chicks.

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Arginine addition in a diet for weaning pigs can improve the growth performance under heat stress

  • Yun, Won;Song, Minho;Lee, Jihwan;Oh, Hanjin;An, Jiseon;Kim, Gokmi;Lee, Sungdae;Lee, Suhyup;Kim, Hyeun Bum;Cho, Jinho
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.62 no.4
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    • pp.460-467
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    • 2020
  • The effects of arginine (Arg) and methionine (Met) supplementation on nutrient use in pigs were determined under hot season conditions. A total of five experimental diets including basal diet (CON) were supplemented with two types of amino acids (Arg and Met) and two different amounts of amino acids (0.2% and 0.4%). Under hot season condition, pigs fed with additional Arg were significantly higher in average daily gain (ADG) than the CON group and the ADG increased linearly (p < 0.05) with increasing Arg supplementation. But there was no significant difference with Met supplementation (p > 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids had no significant difference among treatments (p > 0.05), while d-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) concentration in treatments with Arg supplementation, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than other treatments. In conclusion, exposure of pigs to heat stress does not affect the AID of amino acid, whereas pig fed with additional Arg improved ADG and feed efficiency under heat stress condition.

Improved Broiler Chick Performance by Dietary Supplementation of Organic Zinc Sources

  • Jahanian, Rahman;Moghaddam, Hasan Nassiri;Rezaei, Abbas
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.21 no.9
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    • pp.1348-1354
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    • 2008
  • Two inorganic (zinc sulfate and zinc oxide) and three organic (zinc acetate, zinc-methionine, and zinc-lysine) zinc sources were evaluated for their effects on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. The birds were randomly assigned to one control (non-supplemented) and 15 treatment (supplemented) groups consisting of four replicates of 10 chicks each in a $5{\times}3$ factorial arrangement of treatments (five zinc sources and three supplemental zinc levels). Birds were kept in floor pens in a temperature-controlled room from 1 to 42 d of age and fed a non-supplemented basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 40, 80 or 120 mg/kg of Zn as mentioned sources. Dietary zinc source had considerable effect on feed intake in all experimental periods. Increasing Zn level from 80 to 120 mg/kg decreased the average feed intake in the growth stage (p<0.01) and also in the entire experimental period (p<0.001). Similarly, the average daily gain during the entire trial period was affected by the type of Zn source (p<0.001) and supplemental level (p<0.01). One degree of freedom contrast comparisons showed that the inclusion of organic zinc sources into the diets caused significant increases in feed intake and body gain when compared with inorganic counterparts. Except in wk 1, dietary supplementation with organic sources improved (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio; FCR values were not affected by dietary Zn source or supplementation level. Breast meat yield increased with supplemental levels of organic Zn sources; however, other carcass parameters were not affected by dietary Zn source. On the other hand, organic versus inorganic zinc supplementation caused a significant increase in liver, breast and carcass weight percentages. The present findings suggest that supplemental levels of organic Zn compounds had beneficial effects on broiler performance, and Zn requirements can be reduced using these feed supplements in poultry rations.