• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2021

Gwanghwadang-Wonsam was designated as National Folklore Cultural Heritage No. 52 in 1979, it is in good condition. However, a problem is the attached a phoenix insignia badge that did not exist when it was designated recently. As it became known as the only purple Wonsam artifact with "phoenix insignia", raising the need for its conservation. In this regard, scientific analysis was required to correct misinformation about designated cultural assets and restore the original designated state by analyzing the history of the Gwanghwadang-Wonsam, other relics of the phoenix insignia and its making design patterns. An X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to confirm that the Phoenix insignia's metal threads were titanium-plated silver. Phoenix insignia using titanium-plated gold thread was not identified in Gwanghwadang-Wonsam photographs in 1986, and the TiN-type membrane plating method was used in various industries in the 1990s, which can be estimated to be attached in the early and mid-1990s. Especially, the scientific analysis results from the X-ray fluorescence analysis in this study provide key evidence for conservation processing. This study demonstrates the importance of investigating relics and similar artifacts in the conservation process of inherited relics and as a precedent for restoration that corrects misinformation about designated cultural properties.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2016

Gold threads mean thread made by metal, it is composed various material to gold leaf, adhesive and media. The making technique and using materials of Gold threads are different from region, it can be used to distinguish country of origin. So this study finds characteristics and making techniques for flat gold threads of relics. Standard samples are made of animal glue, lacquer, red lacquer and etc. This materials are based on the scientific investigation of cultural gold threads properties. Then traditional techniques were estimated by comparison and analysis of actual cultural properties and standard samples. As a result of investigating cultural properties, it is similar to the standard sample which are mixed with red soil additives. After analysis of SEM-EDS, it is detected to Al, Si, Fe. So it is to the conclusion that traditional gold thread is made of adhesive mixed with red soil to improve gold color better. And this ways are similar with china that uses animal glue and red soil to adhesive and different from japan that uses lacquer to adhesive. Through this study, it will be used to data and reference for reappearance and making techniques of traditional gold threads.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2015

The purposes of this study are helping the understanding on the Dae-hwe kind relics, verifying the deformation rate stability during conservation treatment and enhancing the conservation treatment work by investigating the status and analyzing the material of Taejo's portrait mounting decorative knots in the National Palace Museum of Korea collection. The result of material analysis on the decorative knots was that the outer threads are silk threads, inner threads are cotton threads, the width of the metal threads was $500{\sim}600{\mu}m$ and the major component of it was 55wt% copper. The result of verification on the deformation rate during the form correction of the bell tassel was that it has been found as stable by having the deformation rate of 1 TPCM or less. The result of glue selection test to be used on the repairing of tassel cross-section with its thread cut was that wheat starch adhesive has been found most appropriate because it has the highest tensile strength at all concentrations. The conservation and treatment procedure was established based on above results of analysis and test on the relic and the conservation treatment work including packaging has been completed in accordance with the established procedure.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.21-30
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• 2015

In this study, we try to suggest measures to reduce leakage at a joint between CPVC piping for a sprinkler system and a pipe expansion through reviews of domestic and foreign standards and related tests. The quality of the waterproof rubber packing material between a valve socket and pipe expansion nut was examined. In the leak test, the valve socket material over the expansion part of the metal pipe nut was found to use a metal part or a schlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipe nut part. In addition, the KS B 0221 standard for parallel pipe threads with threaded and thread inspection criteria and inspection standards in order to ensure an acceptable quality of valve socket, there is a need to amend the regulations to comply with the KS B 5223 (screw thread limit gauges parallel pipe threads). We do not have detailed standards for expansion piping nuts for waterproof rubber ring material, so we need to amend the relevant criteria for EPDM material to be used with excellent waterproofing, for which both NBR and EPDM are currently used.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.503-507
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• 2015

In this study, we compare the performance of the screw through the Clamping force of the test materials to change shape and structure, one of the ways to maintain and improve the engaging force to cope with the miniaturization of the fastener threads are further thinner and lighter precision way that can improve the fastening force of the screw results were as follows. The clamping force according to the materials was $7.57N{\cdot}cm$ in SUS XM7 and SWCH18A was $5.97N{\cdot}cm$. This result was to be found to average 13.5% high in the Clamping force of SUS XM7 materials. In the case of the clamping force of the screw thread shape change, the clamping force of symmetrical and asymmetrical thread was $6.78N{\cdot}cm$ and $7.57N{\cdot}cm$. The clamping force of the asymmetrical thread showed an average high of 11.6%.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.46.1-46.12
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• 2023

Background: Heartworm infection in dogs is caused by Dirofilaria immitis and common in shelter animals and outdoors dogs. Caval syndrome can develop with severe infection and physical heartworm removal is essential with heartworm burdens. In this study, we used an improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush, which was expected to cause less cardiovascular damage and allow easier manipulation. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate efficacy of this improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush. Methods: The brush was designed to improve upon the limitations of the previous brush-type devices. The brush was made of a polyvinyl chloride tube and threads of polyamides or polyglyconates. Metal material was inserted at the front tip for easy visualization under fluoroscopy. The eight dogs diagnosed with caval syndrome with large numbers of heartworms and pulmonary hypertension were used in this study. The removal procedure began with the dissection of the subcutaneous tissue around the right jugular vein. The device was inserted through the jugular vein. After insertion, the tube was rotated to catch the heartworms and extracted with the heartworms hanging on the threads. The procedure was repeated several times. Lastly, jugular vein and skin sutures were made. Adulticidal therapy was administered after heartworm removal. Results: The mean number of removed heartworms was 10.5 ± 4.24 and mean number of remaining heartworms was 0.63 ± 1.06. Total procedure time was 72.63 ± 51.36. Except for three cases, heartworms were not detected on ultrasonography after the procedure. No procedure-related side effects were observed within the 1- to 2-mon. Conclusions: An improved transvenous heartworm extraction brush is efficient for heartworm removal in dogs with caval syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1094-1102
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• 2011

Recent trends for the miniaturization and weight reduction of portable electronic parts is the use of subminiature components. Assembly of the miniaturized components requires subminiature screws of which pitch sizes are in a micrometer scale. To produce such a subminiature screw with high precision threads, not only a precision forming technology but also high-precision measurement technique is required. In the present work, a vision inspection system is developed to measure the thread profile of a subminiature screw. Optical simulation based on a ray tracing method is used to design and analyze the optical system of the vision inspection apparatus. Through this simulation, optical performance of the developed vision inspection system is optimized. The image processing algorithm for the precision screw inspection is also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.839-846
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• 2014

Recent trends in the miniaturization and weight reduction of portable electronic parts have driven the use of subminiature screws with a micrometer-scale pitch. As both screw length and pitch decrease in subminiature screws, the resulting clamping force becomes diminishes. In this work, Finite element (FE) analysis is performed to evaluate clamping force of a screw assembly, with a comparison with experimental result. To improve clamping force of subminiature screws, a new screw design is considered by modifying screw thread angle: the thread angle is varied as an asymmetric way unlike the conventional symmetric thread angle. FE analyses are then performed to compare the clamping characteristics of each subminiature screw with different thread angle. The effect of thread angles on the clamping force is then discussed in terms of structural safety for both positive and negative screws.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.85-85
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• 2017

ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 163 national standards bodies (NSB). The ISO standards are developed and processed within the technical committees (TC) or their subcommittees (SC) dealing with the different subject matters. The first technical committee, ISO/TC1, deals with screw threads and was created back in 1947. While, more recently, TC 309 was created to standardize organizational governance. The ISO technical committee in the field of metallic coatings was created in 1962 with the title ISO/TC107- Metallic and other inorganic coatings. This ISO/TC107 technical committee is dealing with the standardization of the characteristics of protective and decorative metallic coatings applied by electrolysis, fusion, vacuum or chemical means, mechanical deposition and ion plating. similarly, it also covers the standardization of the characteristics of protective and decorative non-metallic coatings (excluding paints and other organic coatings) on metal surface applied by electrolysis, fusion, vacuum or chemical means. Scope is further extended to the Standardization of the preparation of the substrates prior to the deposition of metallic and inorganic coatings. There are a total of 144 existing ISO standards published by this technical committee and has 19 participating countries (P-members) and 24 observing countries (O-members). Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS), being the secretariat of ISO/TC107, is constantly supporting this technical committee for the development of standards and related activities.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.544-561
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• 2020

Goldwork embroidery is the art of embroidery using metal threads. As well as being used as a decorative element of religious clothing, flags, performing costumes, uniforms, and badges, goldwork embroidery is also used in many current designer collections. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the techniques and materials of goldwork embroidery and the formative characteristics and socio-cultural values of goldwork embroidery from its beginning to the early 20th century. For this study, various embroidery works, costumes, museum portraits, and literature were analyzed. The results are as follows. First, the transition of goldwork embroidery was divided into 4 categories: The beginning of goldwork embroidery; the golden age of goldwork embroidery; the maturity of goldwork embroidery; and various goldwork embroidery (depending on the materials used, usage, and design features). The earliest extant example is the "Maaseik fragments" in Belgium dating from the late 8th to early 9th centuries. Until the 15th century, the Church was the most important patron of goldwork embroidery; however, after the 15th century, goldwork embroidery was produced on costumes. Second, the social-cultural values of goldwork embroidery (based on transition and formative features) were classified as expression of divinity, instrument of governance, desire to be approved, and tools of self-expression. Through this study, it is evident that there have been many advances in both technique and technology over time. Furthermore, patterns of usage and social-cultural values of goldwork embroidery have changed significantly.