• 공업화학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.445-449
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• 1999

소수성인 poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]에 methoxyethylenoxy 측쇄를 치환시켜 친수성을 증가시킨 포스파젠 고분자를 합성하였으며 합성된 고분자를 다공성 polypropylene 지지체위에 dip-coating법으로 금속이온 분리막을 제조하였다. $Cr^{3+},\;Co^{2+},\;Mn^{2-}$이온 수용액에 대한 분리실험을 $25^{\circ}C$에서 $60^{\circ}C$까지 온도범위에서 행하였다. 치환된 methoxyethylenoxy기 중의 ethylenoxy의 반복단위가 증가할수록 이온의 투과특성이 증가하는 것을 알수 있었다. Trifluoroethoxy methoxyethoxyethoxyethoxy co-substituted polyphosphazene의 경우 $Cr^{3-}$ 이온이 $60^{\circ}C$에서 분리계수 4.5의 값을 갖고 $Co^{2+},\;Mn^{2+}$ 이온들로부터 분리가 됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2015

Aluminum die casting is an important manufacturing process for mechanical components. Die casting is known to be more accurate than other types of casting; however, post-machining is usually necessary to achieve the required accuracy. The goal of this investigation is to develop machining- free aluminum die casting. Improvement of the accuracy of planar and cylindrical parts is expected by correcting metal molds. In the proposed method, the shape of cast aluminum made with the initial metal molds is measured by 3D scanning. The 3D scan data includes information about deformations that occur during casting. Therefore, it is possible to estimate the deformation and correction amounts by comparing 3D scan data with product computer-aided design (CAD) data. We corrected planar and cylindrical parts of the CAD data for the mold. In addition, we corrected the planar part of the metal mold using the corrected mold data. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by evaluating the accuracy improvement of the cast aluminum made with the corrected mold.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.492-506
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• 2019

공용화기사격장 내 중금속 오염물은 대부분 탄두원형으로 존재하거나 입자로 존재하는 금속조각편이며 이들 미세한 금속입자들은 오랜 기간 풍화되어 표면이 산화물 또는 탄산화물로 존재할 가능성이 매우 높다. 특히 사격장 토양에서 대표적 오염물질인 납은 연성이 높아 무르고 잘 늘어나므로 더 미세입자로 존재한다. 따라서 물리적 세척 실험으로 입도분석, 입경별 중금속농도, 금속물질 성분분석, 비중, 자력, 부상선별의 적용성 평가를 실시하였다. 금속파편의 경우 FESEM분석과 무게측정결과 납은 무른 특성에 따라 얇게 조각나고 편모양의 구조로 비슷한 면적의 구형 토양보다 무게가 더 적게 나가는 것을 확인하였으며 비중선별 적용성이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 결과를 적용하여 하이드로사이클론을 이용한 정화효율평가 결과 1회 71%, 2회 80%, 3회 91%의 누적 정화효율을 보였다. 이에 비해 자력선별은 17%의 낮은 효율을 보였고 부상선별은 입경 0.5 mm 미만으로 선별한 대상토는(-35 mesh) 39%로 비교적 높은 효율을 보였으나 입경 2 mm 미만으로 선별한 대상토의(-10 mesh) 효율은 16%에 불과하였다. 토양세척의 대상 처리입경은 2 mm ~ 0.075 mm로 입도구분을 추가로 하여 실규모 장치에 적용하여야 하며 이는 설치비용과 공정이 추가로 구성됨에 따른 관리가 필요할 것으로 분석되었다. 결과적으로 공용화기사 격장 오염의 토양정화는 탄두 원형을 유지한 탄두는 5.56 mm 이상으로 자갈입경보다 크므로 고비중을 이용한 비중선별을 실시하고, 금속파편으로 존재하는 오염물질은 얇게 조각나고 편모양의 구조로 같은 입경의 토양보다 무게가 더 적음에 따라 토양세척의 하이드로사이클론을 이용하여 분리하여 처리할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2015

In general, the causes of the electrical fire are overcurrent, short circuit, poor contact, etc. This study is aimed to recognize the risk of electric arc to prevent electrical fires due to the conductive dust accumulated on the circuit breaker. The experiment was carried out by the method that conductive metal dust collected from the field is being accumulated on the experimental electrodes with gap of 13 mm until the arc is generated. In case that arc was generated, the amount of conductive dust was measured and the thickness was calculated. This experiments was conducted by particle size. In order to distinguish particle size, mesh size(60~100, 100~150, 150~200, 200~250mesh) was classified using a sieve. As the results of experiment for each of the particle sizes, it was confirmed that there is differences in the generation of arc depending on the thickness of dust accumulated.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.2514-2522
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• 1994

The mirror surface grinding of carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP) was realized by using the metal bonded super-abrasive micro grain wheel with electrolytic in-process dressing(ELID). The maximum surface roughness $R_{max}$ of CFRP which was obtained with #6,000 wheel, was 0.65 $\mu{m}$, which was rougher surface finish compared to those of hard and brittle materials with the same mesh number wheel with ELID. The grinding performance was much dependent on the grinding direction and the best surface roughness was obtained at $90^{\circ}C$ grinding with fiber direction. The spark-out effect on the surface improvement was significant when smaller mesh number grinding wheels were used. From the surface observations of CFRP with scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy(AES), it was found that the mirror surface grinding of CFRP was generated by the homogenization due to carbonization of the ground surface and smearing of chips composed of the carbon fiber and carbonized epoxy resin into the ground surface.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2005

The deformation of sheet metal due to the residual stress during blanking or piercing process, is numerically simulated by means of a commercial finite element code. Two dimensional plain strain problem is solved and then its result is applied to the deformation analysis of the lead frame. The plain strain element is applied to the 2D problem to observe the Von Mises equivalent stress concentration at the both shearing edges. As the punch penetrates into the sheet material, the stress concentration generated on both edges is getting increased to be the shearing surface. The limits of the punching depth applied to the simulation is 16% and 24% of the sheet thickness for the plain strain element and the hexahedral element, respectively. The hexahedral element and the limit of punching depth were applied to the deformation analysis of the lead frame for the blanking process. The FEM results for the lead deformation were very good agreement with the experimental ones. This paper shows that the coarse mesh has enabled to analyze the lead deformation generated due to the blanking mechanism. This simple approach to save the calculation time will be very effective to the design of the blanking tools in industries.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.110-110
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• 2011

현재 전력 반도체는 신재생/대체 에너지 시스템, 자동차/전기자동차, 디스플레이/LED 드라이브 IC 등과 같이 산업용뿐만 아니라 가정용에서도 그 수요가 급증하고 있다. 이러한 전력 반도체는 각 시스템에서 전력 변환, 분배 및 관리를 하는 역할을 하게 되는데, 이러한 전력 시스템에 적용되기 위해서는 고속 스위칭, 낮은 전력 손실 및 발열, 소형화 등의 특성이 요구되어진다. 이러한 특성을 만족하기 위해 현재 전력반도체는 수평형 소자에서 수직 형태로의 구조적 변경을 꽤하고 있으며, 또한 수직형 구조에서도 더욱 소형화와 고밀도 전류, 낮은 전력 손실 특성을 구현하기 위해 여러 가지 형태의 어레이 기술을 개발하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사각 형태의 어레이 (square array, mesh type)를 가지는 수직형 TDMOS (Trench double diffused metal oxide effect transistor)에서 트렌치 부분을 중심으로 액티브 영역과 그 외각 영역의 도핑 농도와 접합 깊이의 변화에 따른 전기적 특성 변화를 파악함으로써 TDMOS의 안정적인 구동 영역을 확보하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구는 silvaco 시뮬레이션 툴을 이용하여 실제 소자 제작 공정과 유사한 형태로의 공정을 가상적으로 진행하고, 액티브 영역과 그 외각 영역의 도핑 및 접합 깊이를 결정하는 이온 주입량과, 후속 열처리의 온도와 시간 등을 변화함으로써 그 전기적 특성을 상호 비교하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2016

It is hard to employ the carbon materials or the lithium metal foil for the anode of lithium sulfur batteries because of the poor passivation in ether-based electrolytes and the formation of lithium dendrites, respectively. Herein, we investigated the electrochemical characteristics of lithium sulfur batteries with lithiated silicon anode in the liquid electrolytes based on ether solvents. The silicon anodes were lithiated by direct contact with lithium foil in a 1M lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) solution in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) and 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) at a volume ratio of 1:1. They were readily lithiated up to ~40% of their theoretical capacity with a 30 min contact time. In particular, the carbon mesh reported in our previous work was employed in order to maximize the performance by capturing the dissolved polysulfide in sulfur cathode. The reversible specific capacity of the lithiated silicon-sulfur batteries with carbon mesh was 1,129 mAh/g during the first cycle, and was maintained at 297 mAh/g even after 50 cycles at 0.2 C, without any problems of poor passivation or lithium dendrite formation.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2013

In this work, the 1L grade integrated metal DOC/DPF filter that can install in engine manifold position was developed to investigate the effect of platinum-coating amount of filter on the improvement of filter activation temperature and reduction of particulate matter (PM). This filter was installed in 2.9L CI engine which meets the EURO-4 emission regulation. Tests for PM reduction efficiency of filter were conducted under ND-13 mode with full-load test condition. It was revealed that the time to reach the activation temperature of metal filter ($280^{\circ}C$) was shorter as the amount of platinum-coating increased. This short activation time can be helpful for the reduction of CO and HC emissions during cold start condition. At the same time, PM reduced as the coating amount increased. The reduction percentage of $DOC_{40}$, $DOC_{20}$, and $DOC_0$ were 96.7% (2.34 mg/kW'h), 95.1% (3.47 mg/kW'h), and 94.5% (3.69 mg/kW'h) compared to previous result (71.4 mg/kW'h), respectively.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.957-967
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different bases of ceramic brackets on shear bond strength and to observe failure patterns of bracket bondings. Lower bicuspid brackets whose bases designed for the macromechanical and silane treated chemical bonding those for silane treated chemical bonding, those for micromechanical bonding, and those for macromechanical bonding were tested as experimental groups, and foil mesh-backed metal brackets as a control group. All the brackets were bonded with $Mono-Lok\;2^{(TM)}$ on the labial surface of extracted human lower bicuspids after etching the enamel with $38\%$ phosphoric acid solution for 60 seconds. The shear bond strengths were measured on the universal test machine after 24 hours passed in the $37^{\circ}C$ water bath. The gathered data were evaluated and tested by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test, and those results were as follows. The shear bond strengths of brackets for macromechanical and chemical bonding, those for chemical bonding, and those for micromechanical bonding were not different (p>0.05), but showed statistically higher than those of metal bracket and those of ceramic bracket for micromechanical bonding(p<0.05). The shear bond strengths of ceramic bracket for micromechanical bonding showed statistically lower than those of metal bracket(p<0.05). The enamel fractures and/or ceramic bracket fractures were observed in the cases of higher bond strength than that of metal bracket. These results supported that silane treated base of ceramic bracket show higher shear bond strength than that of metal bracket, and suggested that micromechanical form of ceramic bracket bases show higher shear bond strength than that of macromechanical form.