• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 1999년도 제17회 학술발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.73-73
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• 1999

A large area negative metal ion beam source is developed. Kinetic ion beam of the incident metal ions yields a whole nucleation and growth phenomena compared to the conventional thin film deposition processes. At the initial deposition step one can engineer the surface and interface by tuning the energy of the incident metal ion beams. Smoothness and shallow implantation can be tailored according to the desired application process. Surface chemistry and nucleation process is also controlled by the energy of the direct metal ion beams. Each individual metal ion beams with specific energy undergoes super-thermodynamic reactions and nucleation. degree of formation of tetrahedral Sp3 carbon films and beta-carbon nitride directly depends on the energy of the ion beams. Grain size and formation of polycrystalline Si, at temperatures lower than 500deg. C is obtained and controlled by the energy of the incident Si-ion beams. The large area metal ion source combines the advantages of those magnetron sputter and SKIONs prior cesium activated metal ion source. The ion beam source produces uniform amorphous diamond films over 6 diameter. The films are now investigated for applications such as field emission display emitter materials, protective coatings for computer hard disk and head, and other protective optical coatings. The performance of the ion beam source and recent applications will be presented.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2007

This study was examined adsorption ability of heavy metal Hg(I), Pb(II), and U(Vl) ion use of fruit from schizandra chinensis, The fruits of schizandra chinensis sample used breaking into fragments $50{\sim}100$ mesh. The sample solution was mixed fruits of schizandra chinensis and heavy metal ion. Each heavy metal ion of into solution was quantum analysis with ICP-AES. As the result, each condition of maxium adsorption ability of heavy metal ion was high in the range of pH 5-7, adsorption time was about 15 minutes, and the optimum temperature was $100^{\circ}C$. The heavy metal ion was increased adsorption in order of increasing concentration and in ethanol solution better than in aqueous solution.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.14-17
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• 2002

Development of a novel fixed site carrier membrane (FCM), supported by PET fabric for metal ion separation is reported. The membranes were prepared by dipping PET fabric into the methylene chloride solution of Poly(5-vinyl-m-phe-nylene-m'-phenylene-32-crown-10) (P(VCE)), a polymeric metal ion carrier. It was found that the flux of mono-valent metal ion transported across the membrane is signif=cantly differed from each other and the flux decreases in the order $Cs^+$>$Rb^+$>$K^+$>$Na^+$>$Li^+$ irrespective to the anion except perchlorate anion. It was explained in terms of the stability of the complex, formed by crown ether unit of the P(VCE) and the various metal ions, meanwhile, the lower rate of transport in the presence of perchlorate anion was ascribed to its low hydrophilicity.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권30호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2000

Since the concept of osseointegration was introduced, titanium and titanium-based alloy materials have been increasingly used for bone-anchored metal in oralmaxillofacial and orthopedic reconstruction. Successful osseointegration has been attributed to biocompatibility and surface condition of metal implant among other factors. Although titanium and titanium alloys have an excellent over the metal ion release and biocompatibility, considerable controversy has developed over the metal ion and wear debris in vivo and vitro. In this study, nitrogen ion implantation technique was used to improve the corrosion resistance and wear property of titanium materials, ultimately to enhance the tissue reaction to titanium implants As ion implantation energy was increased, projected range of nitrogen ion the Ti substrate was gradually increased. Under condition of constant ion energy. atomic concentration of nitrogen was also increased with ion doses. The friction in Hank's solution was increased with ion doses. The friction coefficient of ion implanted specimens in HanK's solution was increased from 0.39, 0.47 to 0.52, 0.65 respectively under high energy and ion dose conditions. As increasing ion energies and ion dose, amount of wear was reduced.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.820-825
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• 1993

새로운 HDBPDA 이온교환체, {(4,5) : (13,14)-dibenzo-6,9,12-trioxa-3,15,21-triazabicyclo[15.3.l]heneicosa-(1,17,19)(18,20,21) triene ion exchanger: HDBPDA ion exchanger}의 이온교환용량은 3.8 meq/g이었다. 그리고 이 이온교환체에 대한 알칼리 및 알칼리토금속 이온들의 분포계수를 물과, 여러 농도의 염산용액중에서 측정하였다. 금속이온들의 분포계수는 염산농도의 영향을 거의 받지 않았으나, 대체적으로 염산의 농도가 감소할수록 점진적으로 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 그리고 물속에서의 분포계수가 가장 컸다. HDBPDA 이온교환체를 사용하여 알칼리 및 알칼리토금속 이온들을 컬럼이온교환크로마토그래피로 분리하였으며, 이때 용리액으로 물을 사용하였다. 또한 알칼리 및 알칼리토금속 이온들의 분포계수는 그들 이온들의 이온반경이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.370-374
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• 1993

Crown ether류인 dibenzo-18-crown-건를 carn­e er로 이용하여 액체막을 통해서의 금속이온의 이동 량을 picric acid의 absorbance를 ultraviolet spec trometer로 측정하여 평가하였다. 그 결과 dibenzo 18-crown-6에 의한 금속이온의 이동은 2가 금속이 온이 l가 금속이온 보다도 더 컷다. 이것은 이 계에 서는 이들 금속이온의 크기보다도 이온의 전하와 수 화(hydration)의 영향을 받았다. 이것은 18-crown-6가 $Ca^{2+}$이온과 같은 2가 이온의 수송에 적합하다 는 것을 의미한다. 또한 dibenzo-18-cro뻐-6에 의 한 이온의 수송은 이온의 선택성을 갖지 않고 이온을 포착할 수 있는 능력을 갖는 것이 좋은 것으로 확인되였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.883-888
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• 2001

We describe an ion-surface scattering apparatus newly developed to investigate the reactive scattering process of low-energy alkali-metal ions at surfaces. The apparatus consists of an alkali-metal ion gun that is rotatable by 360°, a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) with an ion energy analyzer, a sample manipulator with a heating-and-cooling stage, and an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber that houses these components. Preliminary experimental results obtained from the apparatus are presented on angular and energy distributions of the ions scattered from clean Pt(111) and water-adsorbed Pt surfaces.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

A high flux metal plasma pulse ion source, which can simultaneously perform ion implantation and deposition, was developed and tested to evaluate its performance using the prototype. Flux of ion source was measured to be 5 A and bi-polar pulse power supply with a peak voltage of 250 V, repetition of 20 Hz and width of 100 ${\mu}\textrm{s}$ has an output current of 2 kA and average power of 2 kW. Trigger power supply is a high voltage pulse generator producing a peak voltage of 12 kV, peak current of 50 A and repetition rate of 20 Hz. The acceleration column for providing target energy up to ion implantation is carefully designed and compatible with UHV (ultra high vacuum) application. Prototype systems including various ion sources are fabricated for the performance test in the vacuum and evaluated to be more competitive than the existing equipments through repeated deposition experiments.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.889-894
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• 1996

This study was subjected to the stabilization of heavy metals using DSp cement. Heavy metal Cr and Pb ions were mixed with cement paste and hydration behavior and leaching property by heavy metal were exami-ned. It was found that, Cr ion accelerated the early hydration of the cement and has no accelerating effect in later hydration period. However Pb ion retarded the hydration of the cement for a early hydration periods. As a result of leaching test the quantity of leachant has a very low value and the influence of leached heavy metal effected on the environments is very weak.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.135-154
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• 1992

This study was performed to analyze bond strength, the alterations of the interfaces between metal films which are populary used and considered to contribute to the chemical reaction with porcelain, according to constant ion- beam- mixing, and the relation between interfacial chemical reactions and bond strength in metal/porcelain specimens. For this study, three seperate metals : selected-gold, indium and tin were chosen ; each to be bonded to a seperate body porcelain. Bonding occurs when the metal is deposited to the body porcelain using a vacuum evaporator. The vacuum evaporator used $10^{-5}\sim10^{-6}$ Torr vacuum states for the evaporation of various metals (Au, Sn, In). Ion-beam-mixing of the porcelain/metal interfaces caused reactions when the Ar+ was implanted into thin films using a 80 KeV accelerator. These ion-beam-mixed specimens were then compared with an unmixed control group. An analysis of bond strength and ionic changes between the the metal and porcelain was performed by electron spectroscopy of chemical analysis (ESCA) and scratch test. The finding led to the following conclusions : 1. Light microscopic views of the scratch test : The ion-beam-mixed Au/porcelain specimen showed narrower scratched streams than the unmixed specimen. However, the Sn/porcelain, In/porcelain specimens showed no differences in the two conditions. 2. Acoustic emissions in scratch tests : The ion-mixed Au/porcelain, In/porcelain specimens showed signals closer to the metal/porcelain interfaces than unmixed specimens. Conversely, the ion-mixed Sn/porcelain specimen showed more critical signals in superficial portions than unmixed specimens. 3. After ion- beam-mixing, the Au/porcelain specimen showed apparently increased bond strength, and the In/porcelain specimen showed very slightly increased bond strength. However, the Sn/porcelain specimen showed no differences between ion mixed specimen and the unmixed one. 4. ESCA analysis : The ion-beam-mixed Au/porcelain specimen showed a higher peak separated value (4.3eV) than that of the unmixed specimen(3.65eV), the ion-beam-mixed In/porcelain specimen showed a higher peak separated value (9.43eV) than that of the unmixed specimen(7.6eV) and the ion-beam-mixed Sn/porcelain specimen showed a higher peak separated value (8.79eV) than that of the unmixed specimen(8.5eV). 5. Interfacial changes were observed in the ion-mixed Au/porcelain, In/porcelain and Sn/porcelain specimens. Especially, significant interfacial changes were measured in the ion- mixed Sn/porcelain specimen. Tin dioxide(SnO2) and a combination of pure tin and tin dioxide (Sn+SnO2) were produced. 6. In the Au/porcelain specimen, the interfacial chemical reaction showed increased bond strength between gold and porcelain substrate. But, in the In/porcelain, Sn/porcelain specimens, interfacial chemical reactions did not affected the bond strength between metal and porcelain substrate. Especially, bonding strength on the ion mixed Sn/porcelain specimen showed the least amount of difference.