• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2012.10a
• /
• pp.225-228
• /
• 2012

In this paper, a 10-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) with small area is proposed. The 10-bit DAC consists of a 8-bit decoder, a 2-bit time-interpolator, and a buffer amplifier. The proposed time-interpolation is achieved by controlling the charging time through a low-pass filter composed of a resistor and a capacitor. To implement the accurate time-interpolator, a control pulse generator using a replica circuit is proposed to minimize the effect of the process variation. The proposed 10-bit Time-Interpolation DAC occupies 61 % of the conventional 10-bit resistor-string DAC. The proposed DAC is designed using a $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS process with a 3.3 V supply. The simulated DNL and INL are +0.15/-0.21 LSB and +0.15/-0.16 LSB, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.335-342
• /
• 2017

Oysters Crassostrea gigas are a globally popular shellfish for human consumption. As filter-feeding bivalve mollusks, oysters may harbor many microorganisms and chemicals that could pose potential human health risks. The objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of cultured oysters for raw consumption or use in seafood products by measuring concentrations of harmful microorganisms and chemicals in their flesh. Microbial concentrations in cultured oysters were found to be: $1.0{\times}10^2-6.0{\times}10^4CFU/g$ (viable cell counts), not detected $(ND)-5.4{\times}10^3CFU/g$ (coliform bacteria), $ND-1.3{\times}10^2CFU/g$ (E. coli), and $ND-4.6{\times}10^3CFU/g$ (Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Other pathogenic bacteria, including Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp., were not detected in any samples. Heavy metal concentrations of cultured oysters were ND-0.239 mg/kg (total mercury), ND-1.091 mg/kg (lead), ND-0.968 mg/kg (cadmium). The concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene ranged from $0.280-0.880{\mu}g/kg$. Paralytic shellfish poison ranged from ND-0.58 mg/kg, while diarrhetic shellfish poison was not detected. No radioactivity was detected. These results suggest that oysters intended for raw consumption or use in seafood products should be subjected to chemical and biological controls.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.474-479
• /
• 2016

As the Eco-energy is recently required, electrical energy is fast increased. Several induction heating methods are attractive for Eco-energy and energy saving. In this paper, electrical fan heater was designed and developed with new concept for energy saving by electromagnetic induction heating. Proposed system was composed of three module, blast part, induction heating part and power transformation part. Induction heating method was adapted for heating and the resonant inverter was used for increasing of the power transformation efficiency. Full-bridge resonant inverter was adopted to resonant inverter. This system was composed of induction heating part made with metal(SUS 40 series), and power transformation part made with rectifier module, filter module and resonant inverter. From these results, the proposed new electric heater could be saved the energy from faster increasing the temperature compared to commercial gas and other electric heater. This electrical fan heater is possible to be used in field of home, commercial and agricultural area for eco-energy saving heater.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.9 no.1 s.16
• /
• pp.40-46
• /
• 2005

A process variation compensation method called 'regulated drain detection' is proposed. This paper also shows the how this newly invented method is applied to a typical differential PLL. The proposed RDD(regulated drain detection) and its PLL application has been designed and tested in a $0.18{\mu}m$ 1-poly 3-metal plain digital process so that its stable performance and higher yield can be proven. The implemented PLL aimed to the operation range of 80MHz - 240MHz and the total die size is only $0.18{\mu}m$ including the internal loop filter. The tracking jitter characteristics is measured to less than 150 peak-to-peak under l.8V supply rail.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.142-148
• /
• 2007

A mechanically induced long-period fiber grating array was fabricated and its transmission characteristics were measured. The grating away consisted of a rubber cover and a 45 cm metal bar with 10 grating groups. Each grating group was composed of 60 gratings. The period of the grating of the grating groups was increased by $10{\mu}m$ increments from $690{\mu}m$ to $780{\mu}m$. The long period fiber grating was induced when the pressure was applied on the long period grating array and the resonant wavelength depended on the position of applied pressure. The experimental results shows that this long period fiber grating away can be used as a various band rejection filter or a fiber optic sensor.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2011

In this study, a new methodology by using the X-ray CT scan is proposed for estimating void ratio of sandy soil. The general problems in high resolution X-ray CT scan such as beam hardening and ring artifact had been successfully settled up using thin metal plate filter and some calibration process. In order to calculate the void ratio of sand from its CT image, the procedures and algorithm for CT image processing are developed. CT scan tests for Joomunjin sand are carried out to verify its applicability to void ratio testing.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.401-405
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we have presented mechanically formed long-period fiber gratings using periodically arrayed brass wires with a $250-{\mu}m$ diameter and realized the function of current-controlled wavelength-tuning. With the thermo-optic effect of the surrounding medium around the fiber cladding, the continuous displacement of the resonance wavelengths is achieved through the resistant heat of the wire which changes the refractive index of surrounding material. The tunability for each mode as a function of an applied electrical power is investigated. When the glycerin is used as a thermo-optic material, the measured tuning ranges of $LP_{03}$ and $LP_{04}$ within electrical power of 20 W reach to 14 nm and 48 nm, respectively. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical that which is analyzed by a geometric-optics approximation.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.124-128
• /
• 2022

Blood-sensitive reagents may exhibit false positives or negatives under the influence of substances other than blood. Since these reactions lead to the misinterpretation of blood evidence, it is essential to investigate the possibility of false-positive and -negative reactions of blood-sensitive reagents. Acidic hydrogen peroxide (AHP) is a recently discovered blood-sensitive reagent, and it is not yet known whether it causes false-positive or -negative reactions. To confirm this, 20 µL of blood was placed on metal surfaces, plastic surfaces, paper surfaces, paint surfaces, foods, vegetable oils, detergents, and petroleum hydrocarbons, and then AHP was applied. The blood was observed through an orange filter under a 505-nm light source, and no false-positive or false-negative reactions were observed with any of the substances/materials. However, it was confirmed that polyethylene terephthalate surfaces, polyvinylchloride surfaces, some paint surfaces, and foods exhibit their own photoluminescence under the conditions of blood observation, which interferes with blood observation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.22-32
• /
• 2023

In general, when scrap is dissolved in an electric arc furnace, the amount of electric furnace steel dust (EAFD) generated is about 1.5% of the scrap charge amount, and the electric furnace steel dust collected by the bag filter is charged into the Rotary Kiln or Rotary Hearth Furnace (RHF), and the zinc component is recovered as crude zinc oxide, at which time a clinker of Fe-Base is generated. In this research, first, for the efficient resource conversion of electric furnace steel dust, a reduction and roasting experiment was conducted and the reaction kinetics was examined. As a result of the experiment, it was observed that the reduction and roasting reaction was actively conducted in the range of 1100~1150℃, and melting occurred in the range of 1250℃. In the past, this clinker was widely used as a roadbed material for road construction and an Fe-Source for cement production, but in recent years, it has been mainly reclaimed due to strengthening environmental standards. However, landfill treatment is by no means a desirable treatment method due to environmental pollution caused by leachate, expensive landfill costs, and waste of Fe resources. Therefore, in order to more actively recycle the Fe component in the clinker, first of all the clinker was pulverized into an optimal particle size, and anthracite and binder (starch) were added to the magnetic material obtained by specific gravity and magnetic separation for briquet. As a experimental results, it was possible to efficiently separate clinker as Fe component and other slag component by specific gravity and magnetic force. As a results of loading and dissolving the manufactured briquet clinker in an electric arc furnace, it was observed that the unit of power and production yield were clearly improved and the carbon addition effect in molten metal was also somewhat.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.223-228
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the purification capacity of pollutants by column test with the tidal flat sediment. Sediment materials were taken from Chunjangdae tidal flat which located in Chungnam Seochungun. The column tests were conducted on four conditions(R1 : raw sewage filtered by G2 filter, R2 : sterilized sewage after filtered by GF/C filter, R3 : R2 /filtered(membrane) seawater (1:1), R4 : R2 /filtered(membrane) seawater(1:2)). The results of this study may be summarized as followed ; The removed COD by column tests were increased according to increasing the quantity of sewage. During the column tests of 580min, the total removed ammonia nitrogen were 90.1mg for R1, 81.0mg for R2, 27.6mg for R3 and 4.1mg for R4. The result was similar to COD experiment. During the 580min, the total removed total-phosphates were 3.4mg for R1, 4.2mg for R2, 5.6mg for R3 and 2.0mg for R4. The removal efficiency of Pb and Cd for R3 and R4 reactor were higher than R1 and R2 reactor. The remove of heavy metal by the column test was high in sample with seawater. But in the initial 20min, the adsorbed Pb and Cd showed about 3% of the total adsorbed Pb and Cd during 580min.