• Title/Summary/Keyword: Meta Evaluation

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How do Lung Cancer Patients Experience Stigma?: A Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Studies

  • Jeong, Ji Yeon;Jeong, Gyeonghui;So, Hyang Sook
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.116-126
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: Lung cancer patients are often stigmatized since lung cancer is closely associated with smoking, which is a self-administered life style. The stigma of lung cancer has been examined in some qualitative studies; however, their findings were diverse and not yet synthesized. Therefore, this meta-synthesis study aimed to explore how lung cancer patients experience stigma. Methods: A meta-synthesis method, as suggested by Sandelowski and Barroso in 2007, was applied by aggregating the findings after an evaluation according to consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). Results: By synthesizing the findings of the selected seven papers, a synthesized theme was emerged as "experiencing external and internal distances, which mandates authentic and consistent supports." The four sub-themes included 'experiencing some distance from the surrounded world,' 'experiencing self-made distance between the disease and oneself,' 'the disease experience causes social isolation and loneliness,' and 'there is lack of supportive care for myself.' Conclusion: Health care providers should be more attentive to supporting lung cancer patients by providing more effective advocacy programs that improve patients' quality of life.

Outcomes of Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer in Patients Aged >80 Years: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Zelalem Chimdesa Merga ;Ji Sung Lee ;Chung-Sik Gong
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.428-450
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    • 2023
  • This meta-analysis examined the surgical management of older patients (>80 years) with gastric cancer, who were often excluded from randomized controlled trials. We analyzed 23 retrospective cohort studies involving 18,372 patients and found that older patients had a higher in-hospital mortality rate (relative risk [RR], 3.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-7.17; P<0.01) and more post-operative complications (RR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.19-1.56; P<0.01) than did younger patients. However, the surgical complications were similar between the two groups. Older patients were more likely to undergo less extensive lymph node dissection and longer hospital stays. Although older patients had statistically significant post-operative medical complications, they were not deprived of surgery for gastric cancer. The comorbidities and potential risks of post-operative complications should be carefully evaluated in older patients, highlighting the importance of careful patient selection. Overall, this meta-analysis provides recommendations for the surgical management of older patients with gastric cancer. Careful patient selection and evaluation of comorbidities should be performed to minimize the risk of post-operative complications in older patients, while recognizing that they should not be deprived of surgery for gastric cancer.

Performance of pre-treatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for detecting metastasis in ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Han, Sangwon;Woo, Sungmin;Suh, Chong Hyun;Lee, Jong Jin
    • Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.98.1-98.13
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    • 2018
  • Objective: We describe a systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance of ${18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose ($^{18}F-FDG$) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detecting metastasis in ovarian cancer. Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched for diagnostic accuracy studies that used $^{18}F-FDG$ PET or PET/CT for pre-treatment staging, using surgical findings as the reference standard. Sensitivities and specificities were pooled and plotted in a hierarchic summary receiver operating characteristic plot. Potential causes of heterogeneity were explored through sensitivity analyses. Results: Eight studies with 594 patients were included. The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity for metastasis were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.61-0.81) and 0.93 (95% CI=0.85-0.97), respectively. There was considerable heterogeneity in sensitivity ($I^2=97.57%$) and specificity ($I^2=96.74%$). In sensitivity analyses, studies that used laparotomy as the reference standard showed significantly higher sensitivity and specificity (0.77; 95% CI=0.67-0.87 and 0.96; 95% CI=0.92-0.99, respectively) than those including diagnostic laparoscopy (0.62; 95% CI=0.46-0.77 and 0.84; 95% CI=0.69-0.99, respectively). Higher specificity was shown in studies that confirmed surgical findings by pathologic evaluation (0.95; 95% CI=0.90-0.99) than in a study without pathologic confirmation (0.69; 95% CI=0.24-1.00). Studies with a lower prevalence of the FDG-avid subtype showed higher specificity (0.97; 95% CI=0.94-1.00) than those with a greater prevalence (0.89; 95% CI=0.80-0.97). Conclusion: Pre-treatment $^{18}F-FDG$ PET/CT shows moderate sensitivity and high specificity for detecting metastasis in ovarian cancer. With its low false-positive rate, it can help select surgical approaches or alternative treatment options.

Evaluation on Structure Design Sensitivity and Meta-modeling of Passive Type DSF for Offshore Plant Float-over Installation Based on Orthogonal Array Experimental Method (직교배열실험 방법 기반 해양플랜트 플로트오버 설치 공법용 수동형 DSF의 구조설계 민감도와 메타모델링 평가)

  • Lee, Dong-Jun;Song, Chang Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2021
  • Structure design sensitivity was evaluated using the orthogonal array experimental method for passive-type deck support frame (DSF) developed for float-over installation of the offshore plant. Moreover, approximation characteristics were also reviewed based on various meta-models. The minimum weight design of the DSF is significantly important for securing both maneuvering performance and buoyancy of a ship equipped with the DSF and guaranteeing structural design safety. The performance strength of the passive type DSF was evaluated through structure analysis based on the finite element method. The thickness of main structure members was applied to design factors, and output responses were considered structure weight and strength performances. Quantitative effects on the output responses for each design factor were evaluated using the orthogonal array experimental method and analysis of variance. The optimum design case was also identified from the orthogonal array experiment results. Various meta-models, such as Chebyshev orthogonal polynomial, Kriging, response surface method, and radial basis function-based neural network, were generated from the orthogonal array experiment results. The results of the orthogonal array experiment were validated using the meta-modeling results. It was found that the radial basis function-based neural network among the meta-models could approximate the design space of the passive type DSF with the highest accuracy.

Meta-analysis of the Application Effect of AI Educational Robots in Teaching in the New Period (새로운 시대의 교육에서 AI 교육 로봇의 응용 효과에 대한 메타 분석)

  • Cui, Jian-Dong;Song, Seung-keun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2021.05a
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    • pp.52-54
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    • 2021
  • With the advent of the era of artificial intelligence, robot education and teaching under its empowerment have been widely concerned and applied worldwide. The purpose of this study: systematically evaluate the application effect of AI educational robots in student education and teaching; the method of this study: use the computer to search for relevant education in the search tools such as "Web of Science", "CNKI", "ERIC", "IEEE" A comparative study of the effects of robot teaching and traditional teaching. The retrieval time is from January 2000 to January 2020. Comprehensive MetaAnalysis 2.0 was used for Meta analysis. The results of this study: A quantitative analysis of the 31 valid research literatures included, and an objective evaluation of the effect of the meta-analysis on AI educational robots. The analysis results show that the combined effect of AI educational robots on student learning effects is 0.465 This indicates that educational robots have a moderately positive effect on students 'learning effectiveness. The conclusion of this study: The application effect of AI educational robots in student education and teaching is better than traditional education methods, which can better promote student learning.

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AutoFe-Sel: A Meta-learning based methodology for Recommending Feature Subset Selection Algorithms

  • Irfan Khan;Xianchao Zhang;Ramesh Kumar Ayyasam;Rahman Ali
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.17 no.7
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    • pp.1773-1793
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    • 2023
  • Automated machine learning, often referred to as "AutoML," is the process of automating the time-consuming and iterative procedures that are associated with the building of machine learning models. There have been significant contributions in this area across a number of different stages of accomplishing a data-mining task, including model selection, hyper-parameter optimization, and preprocessing method selection. Among them, preprocessing method selection is a relatively new and fast growing research area. The current work is focused on the recommendation of preprocessing methods, i.e., feature subset selection (FSS) algorithms. One limitation in the existing studies regarding FSS algorithm recommendation is the use of a single learner for meta-modeling, which restricts its capabilities in the metamodeling. Moreover, the meta-modeling in the existing studies is typically based on a single group of data characterization measures (DCMs). Nonetheless, there are a number of complementary DCM groups, and their combination will allow them to leverage their diversity, resulting in improved meta-modeling. This study aims to address these limitations by proposing an architecture for preprocess method selection that uses ensemble learning for meta-modeling, namely AutoFE-Sel. To evaluate the proposed method, we performed an extensive experimental evaluation involving 8 FSS algorithms, 3 groups of DCMs, and 125 datasets. Results show that the proposed method achieves better performance compared to three baseline methods. The proposed architecture can also be easily extended to other preprocessing method selections, e.g., noise-filter selection and imbalance handling method selection.

A Study on Meta Analysis of Preliminary Feasibility for Government R&D Programs to Improve Planning Project of the Government Funded Research Institutes (정부출연연구기관 주요사업 연구기획 강화를 위한 예비타당성조사 사업 메타분석연구)

  • Lee, Jong-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.18 no.11
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    • pp.445-453
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    • 2017
  • The Korean government's recent R&D policy has focused on encouraging government-funded research institutes (GRIs) to develop mid-term, long-term, and large-scale R&D projects. It is necessary to prepare thoroughly for the new R&D strategy, but there is no systematic accumulation of planning expertise, and there has been continued demand for good examples of research planning. Therefore, this study analyzes the reports of preliminary feasibility for government R&D programs through a meta-analysis of detailed evaluation items and contents to help researchers enhance their project-planning ability. The evaluation items that can be applied to R&D planning for GRI were reviewed, and twelve detailed evaluation items were selected through content analysis. The results of this study could contribute to practical R&D project planning and the improvement of evaluations.

A Qualitative Meta-analysis on Oriental Medicine Clinical Research for Stroke (뇌졸중에 관한 한의학 임상연구의 질적 메타분석)

  • 진수희;임사비나;박히준;이성국
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.47-58
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to integrate the therapeutic effects of Oriental medicine for stroke in clinical research published in Korea from 1991 to 2000. In the preliminary study, clinical studies on Oriental medical therapy for stroke in Korea were collected. Since it was inadequate to integrate the results of the papers, qualitative meta-analysis was conducted on them. In age distribution of occurrence, the most frequent age was sixties followed by seventies, fifties, forties, and thirties. Sample size was minimum 42 persons, maximum 473 persons. Papers including single therapy were noted in 50.1 %. Among those, herbal medicine was noted in 30%, while acupuncture, physical treatment, and moxibustion was noted in 6.7%. Including more than two therapies were noted in 49.1 %, Among those, herbal medicine was noted in 80%, acupuncture in 20%, physical treatment in 13%, western and oriental medicine in 30%. Papers including control group were noted in 13% and description of scale for the evaluation of treatment effect was 80%. Papers including objectification of scales for the evaluation of therapeutic effects were noted in 26.7% and described follow-up period were noted in 13%. Papers including statistical analysis were noted in 26.7% and calculated p-value was noted in. 13.3%. Papers including design of longitudinal study were noted in 86.7%. Case-control studies were noted in 13.3%. Randomization and blinding were noted in each 0%. These results suggest that followings are required for the improvement of quality of clinical research in Oriental medicine; obvious description of treatment method, objectification of scales for the evaluation of therapeutic effects, adequate research design, randomization and blinding.

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A Study on the Philosophical Analysis Model and its Methodological Application of Information Systems Research.Evaluation - A Critical Realist Approach - (정보체계 탐구.평가의 철학적 분석 모델과 그 방법론적 활용: 비판 실재론적 접근)

  • Ko, Chang-Taek
    • The Journal of Information Systems
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.131-155
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this thesis is to study on the philosophical analysis model and its methodological application of information systems research evaluation from critical realist perspective. Fist of all, I examine ontological epistemological methodological assertions of critical realism. Because the philosophy of critical realism is an opportunity for information systems study. I examine Dobson and Mutch's critical realist perspective on actors-structure model. I suggest a critical realist actors-praxis-structure model. This model provides the potential for a new approach to social investigations in its provision of an ontology for the analytical separation of structure and agency. Of most importance might be the incorporation of non-humans into the analysis of social interaction and of technology into the elaboration of structures. I also examine Tsoukas's critical realistic meta-theory of management. I suggest a critical realist IS management model. This model elucidate the nature of management and delineate the scope of applicability of various perspectives on management. The causal powers of management reside in the real domain and, taken together, their logics are contradictory, the effects of their contradictory composition are contingent upon prevailing contingencies. I analyze Carlsson's theory of design knowledge. His framework builds on that the aim of IS design science research is to develop practical knowledge for the design and realization of different classes of IS initiatives, where IS are viewed as socio-technical systems and not just IT artefacts. The framework proposes that the output of IS design science research is practical IS design knowledge in the form of field-tested and grounded technological rules. The IS design knowledge is developed through an IS design science research cycle. In conclusion, I think that IS actors-praxis-structure model, meta-theoretical IS management model, and IS design knowledge model according to critical realistic approach are very useful for IS research evaluation. Nevertheless, important problems are left not resolved.

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Minimum Structural Requirements of R-phenoxy Substituents for Herbicidal Evaluation of O-(2-phenoxy)ethyl-N-aralkylcarbamate Analogues against Phytoene Desaturase (Phytoene Desaturase에 대한 O-(2-Phenoxy)ethyl-N-aralkylcarbamates 유도체의 제초성 평가를 위한 R-phenoxy 치환기들의 구조적인 요건)

  • Choi, Won-Seok;Lee, Jae-Whang;Hwang, Seung-Woo;Sung, Nack-Do
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.72-77
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    • 2010
  • The minimum structural requirements of R-phenoxy substituents for herbicidal evaluation of O-(2-(R)-phenoxy)-ethyl-N-aralkylcarbamate (1-15) analogues against phytoene desaturase (PDS) based on the three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSARs: CoMFA and CoMSIA) were studied quantitatively. The correlativity and predictability ($r^2_{cv.}=0.753$ and $r^2_{ncv.}=0.964$) of the CoMFA 1 model were higher than those of the rest models. The PDS inhibitory activities from the optimized CoMFA 1 model were depend upon the steric field (44.0%), electrostatic field (36.3%), and hydrophobic field (19.6%) of O-(2-(R)-phenoxy)ethyl-Naralkylcarbamate analogues. From the CoMFA contour maps on the structure of the most active compound (5), if it has the steric favor at meta-, para-position on the phenoxy ring, the negative charge favor in meta-position and positive charge favor in the outside part of para-position, the inhibitory activity will be predicted to increase. Also, if ortho-, para-position, and outside of phenoxy ring are hydrophilic favor, and meta-position is hydrophobic favor, it is predicted that the inhibitory activity against PDS will be able to increase.