• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.101-114
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• 2015

Objectives: Find out how it affects anxiety situations and self-esteem targeting the critical period of development of self-esteem in the lower grades in elementary school based on laughter therapy in having a positive influence on physical health promotion and positive emotional cultivation. And to verify the effects of laughter activity was to provide preliminary data on mental health education and guidance of school life. Methods: By targeting Ulsan Y elementary school, second grade 7 class, 191 students conducted test self-esteem and anxiety. Homogeneous group of experimental and control groups were selected in each one class. Classified as experimental group carried out laughter activity programs and control group did not carried out. Also the separation of the application program before and after, then it were performed preliminary-post-further as same checklist. Program coverage period is 12 weeks and 30 minutes per session was conducted twice a week. Differences between the experimental group and the comparison group has conducted the independent samples t-test, and if the difference between the experimental group and the comparison group were verified by performing a variance analysis(Oneway ANOVA) and post multiple comparisons. Results: Analysis of the experimental group decreased anxiety in the post-test than the pre-test as a whole, in particular, sub-areas of concern, shame and shyness was shown to be effective, and decision of the difficulty was not significant by insignificant reduction. In addition, self-esteem was increased in overall score. The score of collective self-esteem and School life self-esteem were more increased, and domestic self-esteem was not significant by slight increases. In contrast, the comparison group showed no significant difference in all areas of anxiety and self-esteem of pre-test and post-test. Conclusions: In experiments on self-esteem and anxiety of lower grade in elementary school through laughter activity program, comparison group it did not show an effect by accident, and experimental group showed meaningful effects that self-esteem was increased and anxiety was reduced. Thus, laughter activity can be seen that improving self-esteem, anxiety reduction and etc, is very beneficial to mental health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.127-145
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• 2000

The objectives of this study are to identify health behaviors and health problems. and the relations between health behaviors and health problems of female workers in the retail business. The number of subjects were 200 female workers of 6 department stores in Seoul and Kyonggi area, whose jobs last more than 6 months as retail employees. The data was collected during 2 months from July 1 to August 30, 1998. The Cornell Medical Index Health Questionnaire(CMI) was used to measure their health problems, while health behaViorn were investigated in terms of 'smoking', 'alcohol', exercise', 'diet', and 'sleeping'. The data were analyzed with frequency. percentage, t-test, ANOVA test, and $X^2-test$ by SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Out of health problems. Digestive symptoms occupied the highest percent number. nervous ones the second and cardiovascular ones the third among physical health problems of retail female workers. The most frequent mental health problem was 'adequacy' and the next, 'tension' and 'anger', 2, Health problems according to general characteristics of subjects were shown that the younger or the unmarried complained more than the older or the married, especially in the items of 'eye and ear', 'respiratory system', 'cardiovascular system', 'digestive tract', 'nervous system', 'adequacy', and 'depression'. The longer working duration they have had, the more they complained of 'respiratory system' and 'adequacy'. The lower academic careers complained of 'nervous' than the higher ones with statistical significance. 3. The analysis of daily health clinic notes showed that respiratory complaints were the highest percent, successively followed by digestive tract, nervous one, external injury, musculoskeletal system, urinary-reproductive system and others. 4. The level of their health practice was generally low in smoking, diet habit and alcohol intake, exercise, sleeping, very low especially in smoking, diet, alcohol intake, and exercise among them all. 5. Present smokers and ones with past experience complained of physical and mental health problems of 'respiratory system', 'digestive tract', 'skin', 'nervous', 'urinary-reproductive system', 'fatigability', adequacy', 'depression', 'anxiety', 'anger' and 'tension', than non smokers, with statistical difference. Workers without having breakfast and with irregular diet had more complaints on 'digestive tract', 'adequacy' and 'tension', than those who had regular dietary habit. The less the subjects slept, the more they complained of eye and ear, cardiovascular system. The subjects who drank alcohol complained more digestive problem. However, whether they exercise or not did not affect physical and mental health problems in a significant manner. 6. The subjects' age and marital status were statistically significant relating to health behaviors, as the younger or unmarried recorded a low level of health practice in smoking, drinking, dietary habit. Based on the results, the suggestions are made as follows: 1. Health education program on smoking, alcohol intake, diet habit is needed to improve health problems and health behavior of female retail workers. 2. The unmarried workers of late teen and twenties, who are transitional period from teenagers to adulthood are important targets for health promotion program especially for maternal health. 3. Better working environment with sufficient time and facilities for workers to relax is required to promote female sales workers' health. 4. Further research is required to identify the relation between workers' visual fatigue and intense lights for the display of goods.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.321-331
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing decreasing depressive mood of married women with depression. Methods: Data that integrate the Korean longitudinal survey of women and families in 2014 and 2016 were used. Subjects for this study were 974 people who participated in the fifth survey in 2014 and the sixth survey in 2016, and married women were included in the depression group in the fifth survey. The data was analyzed with $x^2$ test, t-test, and logistic multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The decreased-depression group's depression decreased from 11.78 points in the fifth survey to 6.31 points in the sixth survey. This study showed that main factors such as age (OR=0.96, p=.002), educational level (OR=0.54, p=.007), economical status (OR=0.62, p=.037), satisfaction with marriage life (OR=1.15, p<.001), use of medical services (OR=1.65, p=.002), and physical activity (OR=1.08, p=.019) help decrease married women's depression. Conclusion: This study findings indicate a need to develop the strategies to increase satisfaction for marriage life and physical activity and to enhance health promotion to decrease depression among depressed married women.

• Mood & Emotion
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2014

Objectives : This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their related factors among a group of medical students. Method : A total of 874 (529 male and 345 female) medical students were randomly selected to participate in a survey. Depressive symptoms, satisfaction with life, health behavior including alcohol use, stress, sleep disturbance and happiness were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Results : The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 10.8%. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, lower satisfaction of life, daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness, history of suicidal attempt, stress, sleep disturbance were found to be significant relating factors of depressive symptoms. In moderated regression analysis, the result showed that the impact of life stress were moderated by satisfaction of life on depressive symptoms, but the moderating effect of happiness was not significant. Conclusion : This study showed considerably high prevalence of depressive symptoms and BDI score in medical students. The findings suggest that early detection of depressive symptoms and intensive mental health promotion program is needed in order to improve medical student's mental health status.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Self-foot reflexology (SFR) on the hypertension of workers. The purpose of the research was to evaluate: levels of knowledge, physical and emotional condition, work stress and fatigue on the hypertension of employees in the workplace. Quasi-experimental study was designed in the setting of a nonequivalent control and experimental Group applied by the pre and post test. The total subjects undertaken in the study were total of 34 employees working in three companies in Seoul. The SFR program was consisted of 6 phases. There were 2 minutes for preparation, 4 minutes for slow down, 26 minutes for base reflex, symptoms of a disease reflex and excretion reflex stimulation. Finally, there was 20 minutes relaxation in a comfortable posture and drinking hot water after blood pressure was checked in the order. This program was running 55 minutes a day everyday three times a week during the entire 8 week course. The finding showed blood pressure was reduced significantly. Moreover, the level of total cholesterol. high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, depression, work stress, and fatigue were decreased in the study. But, they were not statistically significant except as it related to Group comparisons in time. The level of state anxiety was statistically significant between 2 Groups, but not in the time comparison of both Groups. As a summary of the study results, the SFR program was regarded as contributing to the physical and emotional promotion of employees. It had partially increased body circulations of functional organ related to the SFR sites. And, it improved relaxation of physical and mental condition through energy movement 'Chi'. Therefore, the SFR technique should be considered as an effective skill of a nursing program. Furthermore, it can be newly adopted as a nursing curriculum as a part of alternative treatment. However, it still needed to testify its effects through the review study.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.931-941
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between depression and poor oral health in Korean elderly using Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for assessment of depressive symptoms. Methods: This study used the data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-2). The study included 1,454 elderly Korean aged over 65. Variables included demographic characteristics (gender, age), socioeconomic factor (income, education), systemic diseases, oral health related factor (tooth brush, dental products), health related factor (alcohol drinking, smoking), and depression. Logistic regression analysis was used as sequential models. Effects were quantified as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: From frequency analysis, being female, primary school or less, non-alcohol drinking, poor oral health were significantly related to depression. In the multiple logistic regression model, depression was significantly associated with poor oral health (OR=1.96, CI=1.15-3.53) after adjustment for other covariates including demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factor, systemic diseases, oral health related factor, and health related factor (OR=1.91, CI=1.13-3.27). Conclusions: Depression had an influence on the poor oral health after adjustment as confounding variable in the elderly. It should be focused on the health promotion for the elderly vulnerable to depression and poor oral health. The development of the mental health and oral health should be established.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible impact factors(oral health level, oral health promotion behaviors, health level, health behaviors, and mental health) on oral health related quality of life using OHIP-14 of health allied college students. Methods: A total of 363 self-administered questionnaires were collected from university student in Seoul. To investigate the casual relationship between each variable presented in the research model, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA(Scheffe's test), man-whitney, kruskal wallis, multiple regression analysis were carried out by using SPSS ver. 21.0 Results: The study shows that the students reported mean score of OHIP-14 ($8.32{\pm}7.51$), of which physical pain was the highest score($1.88{\pm}1.45$) and social disability was the lowest score($0.69{\pm}1.13$). Multiple regression revealed that the score of OHIP-14 was shown to be significantly higher for the following people: who were get more self-reported symptom of periodontitis, halitosis, negative self-perceived general health and oral health, no received dental scaling treatment, and participants who had no experience awareness of distress in two weeks. The explanatory power was 18.2%. The most powerful factor regarding to self-reported symptom of periodontitis was shown to be negatively relations oral health-related quality of life. Conclusions: In order to enhance the students' life quality, there need to be considered for a comprehensive oral health-related quality of life program for the students through health education policy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.396-406
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between factors affecting the quality of life (QOL) of call center representatives by applying the PRECEDE model to structural equation modeling. The subjects of the survey were 695 consultants engaged in inbound work at four call centers in D metropolitan city. Data collection was conducted using structured, self-administered questionnaires from November 15th to December 5th, 2016. The results of this study show that the QOL of the reps was significantly negatively correlated with mental health and emotional labor but significantly positively correlated with work environment, self-efficacy, organizational support, and organizational commitment. The results of structural model analysis show that mental health had a negative influence on QOL, whereas work environment and self-efficacy had a positive influence. In addition, emotional labor had a negative effect on mental health, but organizational commitment and work environment had lowered emotional labor level. In addition, organizational support had enhanced employee self-efficacy and organizational commitment, and organizational commitment had mitigated emotional labor. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a health promotion program to improve the QOL of call center reps.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.495-501
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to survey of the subjective health status of the elderly farmer. Background: With increase of aged population, the health of the elderly farmer has become main concerns of the elderly in the rural community. For the effects of the factors related to quality of life, subjective health condition showed the largest influence. Method: The survey was conducted by 326 elderly farmers aged 50 and older in rural areas through structured questionnaires. Survey questionnaire consisted items of general characteristics, health-related life habits, levels of stress(SF-PWI), symptom of musculoskeletal diseases and general level of health(SF-36). For the data analysis, SPSS 19.0K was used, and analysis was conducted by using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. For the symptom prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and comparison of average level of health, chi-square test and t-test were used. Results: The results of the study are as follows. It was shown that the symptom prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders had a significant difference in gender (p<0.01). Frequency analysis on presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in each part of body showed that leg/knee region was 28.1%, back region was 26.6%, shoulder region was 18.0%, arm/elbow region was 11.9%, hand/wrist region was 8.2% and neck region was 7.2%. According to comparison of average level of health, a social functioning were the highest as score 87.3, followed by mental health(65.6) and role limitation-emotional(65.5). Conclusion: Health promotion program for the elderly and female in the rural are needed. Application: The survey of the subjective health status of the elderly should be used for planning factors to make a health improvement plan in elderly farmer.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the life satisfaction of women with disabilities and the factors affecting their life satisfaction to improve their quality of life. Methods: This study used secondary data, the 2020 Survey of the Disabled. The subjects were 2,725 women with disabilities aged 20 or older who responded to the survey. The SPSS Windows 26.0 program was used for data analysis. Technology analysis, chi-test, and multi-logistic analysis were performed to identify the factors affecting the life satisfaction of women with disabilities. Results: Age, education level, marital status, type of medical insurance type, subjective economic status, disability severity, subjective health status, health screening, chronic disease, stress, depression, suicidal ideation, and variables that can go out alone. As a result of multi-logistic regression analysis on factors affecting life satisfaction of women with disabilities, it was analyzed that education level, marital status, subjective economic status, subjective health status, health screening, chronic disease, stress cognitive status, depression, suicide ideation, and variables that can go out alone had a statistically significant effect. Conclusion: Based on the analysis results of this study, it is required to develop and operate health education and health promotion programs for physical and mental health management of women with disabilities.