• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 2008

Objectives : The purposes of this study were to examine the health-related quality of life(HRQoL) and to identify its related factors for a group of rural adults. Methods : The study subjects were 1,901 adults who were aged 40-70 years and who were living in Naju City, Jeollanamdo. The sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behavior, health status and global self-rated health were collected for statistical analysis. The health-related quality of life was measured by the Euroqol EQ-5D instrument. The differences on the EQ-5D index between the groups were assessed with t-test, ANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results : Overall, the mean value of the EQ-5D index was $0.884{\pm}0.140$ and this score was significantly different according to the socioeconomic characteristics, the health-related behavior, the health status and the global self-rated health. According to the results from the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the HRQoL was significantly reduced for females, older subjects, and other subjects with no spouse and the subjects with osteoporosis, obesity, mental distress or poorer global self-rated health. Conclusions : The HRQoL for rural adults was related to the socioeconomic characteristics, the health status and the global self-rated health, A better understanding of the factors related to the HRQoL would help to improve the rural adults' quality of life.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.323-331
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of sexual intercourse among junior secondary and high school students in Indonesia from the 2015 Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS). Methods: The survey was conducted among 11 110 students from 75 schools in Indonesia using a self-administered questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore associations between sexual intercourse and socio-demographic variables, substance use, mental distress, and protective factors. Results: Overall, 5.3% of students reported having ever had sex (6.9% of boys and 3.8% of girls). Of students who engaged in sexual intercourse, 72.7% of boys and 90.3% of girls had an early sexual debut (before reaching the age of 15) and around 60% had multiple sex partners. Sexual intercourse was associated with gender, school grade, smoking, alcohol consumption, drug use, suicidal ideation, truancy, peer support, and parental supervision. Conclusions: These findings indicate a pressing need to develop more comprehensive sexual health education in the national curriculum. An effective strategy should also address other risky behaviours.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible impact factors(oral health level, oral health promotion behaviors, health level, health behaviors, and mental health) on oral health related quality of life using OHIP-14 of health allied college students. Methods: A total of 363 self-administered questionnaires were collected from university student in Seoul. To investigate the casual relationship between each variable presented in the research model, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA(Scheffe's test), man-whitney, kruskal wallis, multiple regression analysis were carried out by using SPSS ver. 21.0 Results: The study shows that the students reported mean score of OHIP-14 ($8.32{\pm}7.51$), of which physical pain was the highest score($1.88{\pm}1.45$) and social disability was the lowest score($0.69{\pm}1.13$). Multiple regression revealed that the score of OHIP-14 was shown to be significantly higher for the following people: who were get more self-reported symptom of periodontitis, halitosis, negative self-perceived general health and oral health, no received dental scaling treatment, and participants who had no experience awareness of distress in two weeks. The explanatory power was 18.2%. The most powerful factor regarding to self-reported symptom of periodontitis was shown to be negatively relations oral health-related quality of life. Conclusions: In order to enhance the students' life quality, there need to be considered for a comprehensive oral health-related quality of life program for the students through health education policy.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.134-145
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• 1998

Facial hyperpigmentation in women, which is considered to be a serious cosmetic disability and a cause of mental distress, requires proper management. Melanocyte dendricity is a crucial factor affecting epidermal pigmentation. We found that BQ-788, the endothelin-B (ETB) receptor antagonist, blocks the formation of multi-dendricity which is induced by cocultured keratinocytes. Melanocytes in vivo show numerous dendrites which are in close contact with multiple keratinocytes, forming the epidermal-melanin unit. While melanocytes transfer their melanosomes into the neighboring keratinocytes via dendrites, keratinocytes secrete many growth factors and cytokines that influence viability, morphology, and melanin formation of melanocytes. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), prostaglandin E2(PGE2), and leukotriene-C4 (LT-C4) have been suggested as the candidates for increasing dendricity. Other reports suggested that ET-1 has stimulatory effects on proliferation and melanin formation of melanocytes in vitro. In the present study, using type-specific ET receptor antagonists, we observed how the morphology of melanocytes could be modulated in a coculture system. In addition, the roles of ET-1 for morphology and proliferation on melanocytes were evaluated in different culture media. We suggest that ET-1 increases dendricity and proliferation of melanocytes, and that its dendrite-inducing effect and mitogenic effect are regulated independently.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2011

Purpose: Although glyphosate-surfactant herbicide intoxication is relatively mild toxic in humans, we encountered an atypical clinical presentation. We performed this study to understand the atypical clinical course and factors associated with severe intoxication after glyphosate ingestion. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 61 patients (male 43, mean age $54{\pm}18.8$ years) who were presented with glyphosate ingestion between March 1997 and March 2011. The severe intoxication group was defined as patients with systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg, respiratory distress needing intubation, or altered mental state. Results: Of the 61 patients, 22 patients (36.1%) had a severe clinical course, 1 patient (1.6%) had died and 1 patient (1.6%) had moribund discharge. The most common symptoms were nausea with or without vomiting which occurred in 30 patients (49.2%). Twenty-seven patients had metabolic acidosis that was the second most common medical complication. Advanced age, pH, base excess, $HCO_3$, Sat, creatinine, X-ray abnormalities and ECG abnormalities were significant factors. Hemoglobin, platelet, $pO_2$, $pCO_2$, BUN, sodium, potassium and AST levels were not different comparing the laboratory characteristics between the severe and mild intoxication groups. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that severe intoxication occurred in 22 patients (36.1%) after glyphosate intoxication. Advanced age, pH, base excess, $HCO_3$, Sat, creatinine, X-ray abnormality and ECG abnormalities were significant predictive factors for severe intoxication in patients with glyphosate surfactant herbicide poisoning.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.359-372
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• 2001

The study was intended to investigate the bothersome level of premenstrual symptoms, their pattern and to examine the relationships between menstrual attitude and the premenstrual symptoms. Two hundred sixty eight female students were recruited from a college located in Kyungido from March 1, 2001 to July 1, 2001. A general characteristics questionnaires, the premenstrual assessment form(PAF) and the menstrual distress questionnaire(MDQ) were used to measure the bothersome level of the premenstrual symptoms and the menstrual attitude. The data were analyzed by SPSS-PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. All subject who were participated in the research reported more than one symptom in premenstrual period and the mean score of total categories in PAF was low(1.89). The subject had more symptoms of fatigue, abdominal bloating and discomfort, backache and muscle stiffness and among the 21 categories fatigue feature, hysteroid feature, water retention feature and miscellaneous mood/behavior change feature were prevalent. On the other hand organic mental feature and increased well-being feature were rare that premenstrual symptom has negative aspect than positive. 2. Degree of discomfort in premenstrual symptom was related with dysmenorrhea but other general characteristics. 3. In Menstruation attitude, the student in college recognized menstruation as natural but bothersome and causes negatives effects on body and emotion. 4. There were significant correlation(r=.395, p<0.000) between premenstrual symptom and level of Menstrual attitude. 5. Menstrual attitude explained 15.3% variance of PMS and five categories of menstrual attitude, especially factor 1(menstruation is a phenomena that weakens women physically and psychologically) was most highly correlated with PMS and explained 21.1% variance of PMS.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.249-273
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• 2012

Certain professionals face repeated exposure to traumatic events throughout their career. Although typically linked to pathological outcomes, research has identified sustained positive benefits and posttraumatic growth (PTG) as consistent posttrauma outcomes in occupational exposed to trauma. This study investigated the association of occupation, subjective psychological distress to a traumatic event, and demographic characteristics with posttraumatic growth in emergency workers (firefighters, rescue, and ambulance personnel), subway operators, and child protective service workers. The study led to the following conclusions: First, all three groups are risk groups of PTSD, especially, subway operators demonstrated the highest degree. Child protective service workers demonstrated the highest degree of PTG and emergency workers and subway operators followed respectively. Second, vicarious trauma and PTG were significantly correlated, in particular, invasion and avoidance were more highly correlated. Third, multivariate analysis revealed that occupation, invasion, avoidance, religion, and sex were significantly associated with PTG. Discussion addresses the need to serve mental health service and to apply concept of PTG for occupations exposed to trauma.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.449-460
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• 2018

Objective: Prior functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work has revealed that children/adolescents with disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) show dysfunctional reward/non-reward processing of non-social reinforcements in the context of instrumental learning tasks. Neural responsiveness to social reinforcements during instrumental learning, despite the importance of this for socialization, has not yet been previously investigated. Methods: Twenty-nine healthy children/adolescents and 19 children/adolescents with DBDs performed the fMRI social/non-social reinforcement learning task. Participants responded to random fractal image stimuli and received social and non-social rewards/non-rewards according to their accuracy. Results: Children/adolescents with DBDs showed significantly reduced responses within the caudate and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to non-social (financial) rewards and social non-rewards (the distress of others). Connectivity analyses revealed that children/adolescents with DBDs have decreased positive functional connectivity between the ventral striatum (VST) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) seeds and the lateral frontal cortex in response to reward relative to non-reward, irrespective of its sociality. In addition, they showed decreased positive connectivity between the vmPFC seed and the amygdala in response to non-reward relative to reward. Conclusion: These data indicate compromised reinforcement processing of both non-social rewards and social non-rewards in children/adolescents with DBDs within core regions for instrumental learning and reinforcement-based decision-making (caudate and PCC). In addition, children/adolescents with DBDs show dysfunctional interactions between the VST, vmPFC, and lateral frontal cortex in response to rewarded instrumental actions potentially reflecting disruptions in attention to rewarded stimuli.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2019

Introduction : The aim of this study was to investigate menstrual pattern according to Mibyeong Index(MBI) and compare Mibyeong symptom score according to severity of menstrual pain. Mibyeong Index was designed to measure inconvenience and resilience of subject's complains including four physical symptoms(fatigue, pain, low sleep quality, indigestion) and mental distress including anxiety, anger, depression. Method : We used the clinical data of Korean medicine Date Center(KDC) for subjects who participated in the study of 'Clinical research for collecting of clinical cases based on the personal type of Mibyeng' conducted in Seoul, from June 26, 2015 to June 26, 2017. A total of 566 fertile women aged 30 to 50 who completed the questionnaires were included in this study. In this study, we used items of Mibyeong Index and the menstrual pattern by self-report questionnaires. The date were analyzed through Kruskal Wallis test, Pearson's chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA using SPSS statistics 19.0. Results : Mibyeong status was significantly associated with severity of menstrual pain(p<0.001), worst day of menstrual pain(p<0.05), and type of menstrual pain(low back pain, nausea, depression, and none (respectively, p<0.05)). In addition, The 7-subtype score (fatigue (p<0.001), pain(p<0.001), low sleep quality(p<0.001), indigestion(p<0.001), anxiety(p<0.05), anger(p<0.05) and depression(p<0.05)) of Mibyeong index and total score of Mibyeong Index (p<0.001) showed significant difference for severity of menstrual pain. Conclusion : This result indicates that a close relationship between Mibyeong status and severity of menstrual pain. Further studies are needed but, we hope that this results will be used as the basic data to improve mibyeong status through health care to alleviate dysmenorrhea.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.79-88
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the association of changes in behaviors and depressed mood during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. A cross-sectional internet-based survey was conducted, using proportional samples of Korean adults and a logistic regression model was used to assess the association. As a result, negative changes of daily sitting or lying down time, daily walking time, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with being more depressed during the COVID-19 pandemic [odds ratios (ORs): 2.23 (95% CI=1.77-2.81), 2.04 (95% CI=1.63-2.56), 2.84 (95% CI=1.51-5.36), and 1.82 (95% CI=1.26-2.63), respectively]. This indicates that strategies to promote positive health behaviors change (increased activities and decreased consumption of smoking and alcohol) could help address psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.