• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2016

This study describes the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and melanogenesis inhibition activities of methanol extract and various organic solvent fractions of Arecae Pericarpium. We examined the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging activity, mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin contents. The study showed that, among all tested fractions, methylene chloride fraction showed the strongest inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells ($IC_{50}$ value $8.89{\mu}g/mL$) and DPPH radical scavenging activity ($EC_{50}$ value $21.39{\mu}g/mL$). Methylene chloride and ethyl acetate fractions similarly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity. Methanol extract exhibited strongest reduction of melanin content in B16F10 melanoma cells. Based on the bioactivity assay results, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate fractions were further separated. Eight phenolic compounds were isolated, which are dimeric syringol (1), catechol (2), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3), vanillin (4), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (5), apocynin (6), protocatechuic acid (7) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8). Among the isolated compounds tested, catechol showed the strongest inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Catechol also showed the concentration-dependent NF-${\kappa}B$ inhibition activity. Arecae Pericarpium might have potentials to be developed as anti-inflammatory agent or dermatological product for skin-whitening agent.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2022

Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai (S. koraiensis) has used its roots as traditional herbal medicine. Some research is reported to be effective in allergic inflammation and osteoporosis. In a present study, we conducted to investigate the bioactivity of the ethanol extract of S. koraiensis (ESK) on the inhibition of melanogenesis and the apoptosis of melanocytes. We analyzed Harpagoside of ESK by using LCMS and HPLC-PDA and investigated the regulation of ESK on reactive oxygen species. Also, the expressions of melanin synthesis-related factors and apoptosis-related factors were confirmed. As a result, the quantification results of quercetin and rutin in ESK were 77.2 and 7.4 mg/g. IC₅₀ on DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity is 33.1 and 9.5 ug/mL. ESK attenuated not only the expression of tyrosinase, TYRP-1, TYRP-2, and MITF in melanogenesis. It is thought that ESK may be effective in the inhibition of melanogenesis through MAPK cell signaling pathway in melanocytes. These study results suggest that ESK has the ability to inhibit melanin production and induce apoptosis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.343-351
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the whitening effect of aerial part of Pueraria lobata and mechanisms. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, dose-dependently reduced the melanin content. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, significantly decreased cellular tyrosinase activity, while there was not any effect on tyrosinase in cell-free conditions. To elucidate the mechanisms behind the aerial part of Pueraria lobata, treated melanogenesis regulation, the expressions of melanogensis related genes, proteins, and the activity of ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ were determined. Aerial part of Pueraria lobata, significantly inhibited gene and protein levels of MITF, tyrosinase and TRP-1. It suppressed the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, leading to inhibition on the maturation of tyrosinase. Also aerial part of Pueraria lobata, was observed to have the high antioxidant activity. These results suggested that whitening effect of aerial part of Pueraria lobata, should be due to the down-regulation of MITF, tyrosinase and TRP-1 expression and the intercepting maturation of tyrosinase through suppressing ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. Another should be the high anti-oxidant activity. The findings show the possibility that aerial part of Pueraria lobata, can be used as a potential skin-whitening agent.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2017

This study provide activity for beauty food of water and 80 % ethanol extracts from Pinus koraiensis leaves. Total phenolic content of extracts from Pinus koraiensis leaves were each 12.22 mg/g (Drying under hot air) and 17.93 mg/g (Drying under shade), 14.36 mg/g (Lyophilization) in water extracts (WE) and 11.9 mg/g and 20.63 mg/g, 17.96 mg/g in 80 % ethanol extracts (EE). The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of extracts from Pinus koraiensis leaves was 96.20 % in EE from drying under shade at extracts concentration. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical decolorization activity of extracts from drying under shade was 99.85 % in WE and 99.80 % in EE at extracts concentration. The antioxidant protection factor (PF) extracts from drying under shade type was 9.63 PF in WE and 10.48 PF in EE at extracts concentration. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substance from Pinus koraiensis leaf was 89.39 % in EE from drying under shade at extracts concentration. The elastase inhibition activity of EE for anti-wrinkle effect showed an excellent wrinkle improvement effect, showing 71.46 % in EE from lyophilization. Collagenase inhibition activity of EE from drying under shade was 97.48 % in extracts. Tyrosinase inhibition activity which was related to anti-melanogensis was observed. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect of extracts from lyophilization was confirmed to be 60.4 % in EE more than another drying methods at extracts concentration. Through out all results, it can be expected Pinus koraiensis leaves extracts to use as a functional material for anti-oxidant and functional beauty food.