• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.47-63
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• 2018

The purpose of this research was to present the basic data for developing meditation programs by verifying the effect size using meta-analysis of the results from previous studies on meditation program of the elderly. In order to analyze the effect sizes of program types, group of mediating variables and activity factors of elderly meditation programs, this study reviewed 24 precedent research that have been conducted from 2003 through April 2017 in Korea using meta-analysis and summarized the effect sizes are as follows. First, the overall average effect size was .914, which was great. Among the program types, complex meditation was 1.726, which was the greatest. Among the group of mediating variables, the positive psychological variable group had the highest in 1.368 and the gender consists only of women had the highest in .921. Secondly, concerning the activity factors, when the total number of sessions was 12~20 times(1.193), sessions per week was twice(1.254), time went for 110~120 minutes per session(1.581) and the group size was 71~100 persons(1.535) that were shown as higher effect size. Among the types of publications, articles in journals(1.062) had a higher effect size than dissertations(.817). For the organizing elderly meditation program in the future, I suggest that the program type of complex meditation, 12~20 time of total sessions, twice a week, 110~120 minutes of activity hours. At the time we entered the aged society, this study is meaningful in that it provides the basic data for future program development by confirming the effect size according to program types, mediation variables and activity factors for the meditation program performed for the elderly.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of M&L Self-Growth Meditation Program with Euro QOL-5 Dimension (EQ5D), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and psychological test. Methods: 6 middle-age women have participated in the eight weeks of the M&L Self-Growth Meditation Program, and the program was executed once a week for about two hours. We evaluated EQ5D, FFMQ, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) before and after the program in order to analyze the effects of M&L Self-Growth Meditation Program. Results: 1) EQ5D scores increased significantly (p<0.05), and overall physical condition scale( VAS) increased. 2) In the FFQM scores, value of Nonreactivity increased significantly (p<0.05), and total score increased. 3) Scores of BDI and STAI-S decreased significantly (p<0.05), and STAI-T, STAXI-S, STAXI-T, STAXI-O, STAXI-Su, and STAXI-R decreased. Conclusions: The results suggested that M&L Self-Growth Meditation Program improves the quality of life and mindfulness skill and has a positive responses to psychological problems-depression, anxiety, and anger.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.338-348
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of maum meditation program on depression, anxiety and self-esteem of the children and the juveniles. The research is based on the one-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected from the questionnaires for the 467 children and juveniles who participated in the maum meditation program. Instruments were depression developed by Sim(1989), anxiety by Lee(2003), and self-esteem by Im(20031). The data were analyzed as descriptive statistics, paired t-test, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test using SPSS 17.0. The score of depression and anxiety in the children before the maum meditation program was significantly decreased after the program. The score of self-esteem of them was significantly increased after the program. The score of depression in the middle school students(14-16yr) was significantly decreased after the program. The score of self-esteem of the middle school students(14-16yr) and high school students were increased. These results indicates that maum meditation program was effective for changing children and juveniles' depression and anxiety, and it contributed to the enhancement of self-esteem.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2012

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Mindfulness Meditation program on perceived stress, ways of coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This was a quasiexperimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test design. Participants in this study were 50 patients who had completed breast cancer treatment (experimental group, 25, control group, 25). The experimental group received the Mindfulness Meditation program for 3 hours/session/ week for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using $X^2$-test and t-test for subject homogeneity verification, and ANCOVA to examine the hypotheses. Results: The experimental group had significantly lower scores for perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response compared to the control group. However, no significant differences were found between two groups for the scores on problem focused stress coping. Conclusion: According to the results, the Mindfulness Meditation program was useful for decreasing perceived stress, emotional focused coping, salivary cortisol level, and psychological stress response. Therefore, this program is an effective nursing intervention to decrease stress in patients with breast cancer.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.557-570
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to review meditation programs for stress relief of Korean nurses. Whittmore and Knafl's integrative review methods were used. The search yielded 97 articles, 7 of which met the criteria and were included in the review. One of the selected studies was a randomized controlled quasi-experimental design and six were a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Meditation programs varied from 5 to 8 sessions. All of the meditation programs measured the effect on stress as various meditation programs. However, there was one study confirming the degree of stress management maintenance after the end of the meditation program. Although there are contents to strengthen the practice and will of nurses, it was confirmed that it was difficult to evaluate sincerity. Therefore, a highly accessible program for nurses in various clinical situations and strategies to strengthen participants' practice and will needs to be included in the meditation program content.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.441-453
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a meditation application to promote home practice in a meditation-based intervention program and test its effects. In most cases, meditation-based intervention programs put an emphasis on home practice, which means it is an important matter to increase motivation for home practice and encourage people to do home practice more. The investigator administered an eight-week Korean Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (K-MBSR) program to college students participating in a liberal arts course at A University. While the experiment group (N = 22) received a meditation application, the comparison group (N = 19) received no meditation application. The amount of home practice was measured based on the practice logs kept by the participants. The difference in psychological effects between the groups was checked by measuring mindfulness, subfactors (noticing and return to body) of body awareness, life satisfaction, acceptance action, and sleep quality before and after the experiment. The findings show that the experiment group recorded significantly greater amounts of home practice than the comparison group. As for the effects of meditation, the experiment group recorded higher points in mindfulness, body awareness, life satisfaction, acceptance action, and sleep quality than the comparison group. These findings demonstrate that a meditation application can be useful as a means of assistance to promote the effects of a meditation-based intervention program. The study also discussed proposals for a follow-up study.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.311-321
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of a loving-kindness and compassion meditation program on the empathy, emotion, and stress of nursing college students. Methods: A pre-posttest experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was applied. The participants were 39 nursing college students (experimental group: 19, control group: 20). The loving-kindness and compassion meditation program for nursing college students took 8 weeks. Data was collected from February 2016 to March 2016, and was analyzed by Chi-square test and independent t-test using IBM SPSS/WIN 19.0. Results: The difference between the experiment group and control group was statistically significant in empathy, negative affect, and perceived stress. Conclusion: The results indicate that the loving-kindness and compassion meditation program was effective for empathy improvement and stress management of nursing college students.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of subtraction meditation on perceived stress, self-efficacy, blood pressure, and pulse rate in paramedic students. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent comparison groups using pre and post-test design was performed. The experimental group consisted of 27 participants who attended the meditation program, and the control group consisted of 26 non-participants of the program. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: There were a statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in perceived stress(t=2.301, p=.026), systolic pressure(F=18.531, p=.000), diastolic pressure(F=9.745, p=.003), and pulse rate(F=33.869, p=.000) between pretest and posttest results. Conclusion: The subtraction meditation program can help reduce perceived stress, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and pulse rate.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1687-1697
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• 2020

This study is a comparative descriptive research that identifies the degree and difference of the brain education meditation program from participation stress(physical stress, psychological stress), depression, resilience(self-control ability, interpersonal relationship ability, and positive) for middle-aged women. The subjects were 26 middle-aged women who participated in the brain education meditation program at the D metropolitan city D center for more than a year, 29 middle-aged women did not participate in the brain education meditation program and a total of 55 middle-aged women collected for three weeks from November 4 to 22, 2019. Data analysis fesult that the participating groups in brain education meditation programs differ statistically significantly in physical stress(t=2.549, p=.014), psychological stress(t=2.352, p=.022), self-control ability(t=-2.219, p=.031) and positive(t=-2.387, p=.021), which are higher factors in resilience than non-participating groups. In other words, brain education meditation program participants scored lower physical and psychological stress scores than nonparticipating groups, with higher self-control ability and positive scores. Therefore, it is thought that brain education meditation programs can be used as nursing intervention to reduce stress and improve self-control ability and positive in middle-aged women.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 2015

Objectives: To examine the medical effectiveness of meditation programs ($\alpha$ version) by psychological types. Methods: MBTI, which was created by Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers, was used as the Psychological Type test and to investigate psychological temperament and functions and psychological preferences. Heart rate variability was used to test the effectiveness of meditation by investigating time domains (mean HR, SDNN, PSI) and frequence domain parameters (TP, LF, HF, LF or HF norm, Ln (TP or VLF or LF or HF). Results: 1. The autonomic nervous system became active, and both time domains and frequency domains showed positive responses to meditation in heart rate variability tests, without distinction of Psychological Types. 2. In Psychological Types using sensing over intuition for perception, there were positive responses as well as an increase of the parasympathetic nervous system's activeness to meditation for heart rate variability tests, depending on psychological temperaments and psychological functions. 3. In heart rate variability tests by preferences, there was no difference. Extroversion and Introversion types, Sensing over Intuition Types, Thinking over Feeling Types, Judging over Perception Types had an increase of activeness of the parasympathetic nervous system. Therefore, meditation has a positive physical and psychological relaxing effect. Conclusions: A complex meditation program has a positive effect on overall meditation. Especially in the MBTI test, sensing was superior to intuition when people recognized objects. The Sensing, Thinking and Judging type was more advantageous than Intuition, Feeling and Perception, respectively. In the future, a well-designed control study is needed, to develop a suitable meditation for each personality type.