• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2005

In the courses of in vitro screening for the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of the various extracts from medicinal plants, n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium was found to exhibit distinctive angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the n-BuOH soluble extract of the seeds of Xanthium strumarium afforded a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranoside$. The ACE activity was significantly inhibited by the addition of a new $xanthiazone-11-{\beta}-glucopyranosidein$ a dose-dependent manner of which $IC_{50}$ value was $21.8\;{\mu}g/ml$.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-97
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• 2005

Nowaday, in Vietnam there are two types of medical services which have coexisted. These are Western medicine or Tay Y and Eastern medicine or Dong Y (this is also known as Oriental medicine). Dong Y is includes Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) or Thuoc Bac and Vietnamese traditional medicine (TVM) or Thuoc nam. In its’ history, Vietnam was dominated by feudal China in more than 1000 years, so that Vietnamese people was impacted much by Chinese thought, culture and medicine of course. Traditional Chinese and Traditional Vietnamese Medicine differ in practice, though they share the same theoretical foundation. Their relationship can be observed by the influence of TCM theories on the TVM which are Yin and Yang, Five Elements. In practice, TCM practitioners usually spend more time giving their patients a sort of theoretical explanation of what's going on, whereas TVM practitioners would use a more practical approach and concentrate less on theory. TVM was popular in common life of working people, generally using ingredients readily available nearby and involving a minimum of processing. Most knowledge was passed unselfconsciously from one generation to the next. It can be said that Vietnamese people are based on theories of TCM and available tropical plant sand animals native to Vietnam to built and develop TVM with it’s own character. The following are some plants are using in normal life of Vietnamese people as food or drink with well-being effect(1,2).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1897-1906
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• 2017

Swainsonine (SW) is the principal toxic ingredient of locoweed plants that causes locoism characterized by a disorder of the nervous system. It has also received widespread attention in the medical field for its beneficial anticancer and antitumor activities. Endophytic fungi, Alternaria sect. Undifilum oxytropis isolated from locoweeds, the plant pathogen Slafractonia leguminicola, and the insect pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae, produce swainsonine. Acquired SW by biofermentation has a certain foreground and research value. This paper mainly summarizes the local and foreign literature published thus far on the swainsonine biosynthesis pathway, and speculates on the possible regulatory enzymes involved in the synthesis pathway within these three fungi in order to provide a new reference for research on swainsonine biosynthesis by endophytic fungi.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1636-1639
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• 2005

To develop novel anti-leukemic medicine, we have prepared a Korean traditional medicine, named Hang-baek-Tang, which is composed of 8 kinds of anti-leukemic medicinal plants. The water extracts was examined anti-leukemic activity using the human leukemia cell line, HL-60 cells. HL-60 cells showed the growth inhibition and several apoptotic features, including DNA ladders, morphological changes, by treatment of the cells with Hang-Daek-Tang. We have observed that Hang-baek-Tang induced the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9. Further molecular analysis demonstrated that Hang-baek-Tang induced cleavage of PARP and increase of hypodiploid (Sub-G1) population in flow cytometric analysis. These results indicate that Hang-baek-Tang has been considered to exert anti-leukemic activity through the procaspase-3 activation pathway.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.938-944
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• 2005

Down-regulation of melanin synthesis is required for recovery of pigmentary disorders and it is known that direct inhibitors of tyrosinase suppress melanin synthesis. We screened several oriental medicinal plants using B16/Fl0 cells and found that the methanolic extract of Cnidii Rhizoma down-regulated melanin synthesis effectively. Although the proliferation of Bl6/Fl0 cells was decresed by the methanolic extract of Cnidii Rhizoma, it did not appear necrosis. Bl6/F10 cells incubated with the methanolic extract of Cnidii Rhizoma showed reduced pigmentation and tyrosinase activity. Western blotting revealed that the amount of tyrosinase was decreased by the methanolic extract of Cnidii Rhizoma. These results suggest that the inhibitary effect of the methanolic extract of Cnidii Rhizoma on melanogenesis is due to the suppression of tyrosinase in Bl6/F10 cells and Cnidii Rhizoma is a candidate for an efficient whitening agent.

• Journal of Menopausal Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.156-159
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• 2017

Some species of traditional herbal medicine has a history of use, most traditional natural herbs have been used for various diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Among them, Passiflora incarnata L. is a traditional natural medicine, flowers as well as berries, roots, and leaves have been used as a medicine. It has been used as a natural medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety for a longtime in Europe, and it has been used primarily for sedation tea in North America. Moreover, Passiflora incarnata L. is widely used anti-asthmatic, analgesic and sedation in Brazil. In other words, Passiflora incarnata L. has been used to treat a sedative, dysmenorrhea, insomnia, cancer, etc. in many countries. Present review of the plants showed a wide range of pharmacological activity in anxiolytic relax the clinical disease, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiety and antioxidant. In addition, Passiflora incarnata L. affects menopause symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms, insomnia, and depression. This review aims to provide the latest information on specific functional components of Passiflora incarnata L. especially the results of clinical trials will provide new insights into opportunities for the future development of natural medicines and doors will be used for purposes of analysis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.536-543
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• 2023

Phytoceramide (Pcer) is found mainly in plants and yeast. It can be neuroprotective and immunostimulatory on various cell types. In this study, the therapeutic effect of Pcer was explored using the carrageenan/kaolin (C/K)-induced arthritis rat model and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Pcer treatment (1, 10, and 30 mg/kg/day) were given to the arthritic rats for 6 days after disease induction. Weight distribution ration (WDR), knee thickness, squeaking score, serum levels of proinflammatory mediators, and histological analysis were measured and performed to evaluate arthritic symptoms in the rat model. In interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated FLS, proinflammatory mediators were measured after Pcer (1-30 µM) treatment. Arthritic symptoms in rats with Pcer treatment were significantly decreased at days 4 to 6 after C/K arthritis induction. Inflammation in the knee joints were also significantly decreased in rats with Pcer treatment. Furthermore, in IL-1β-stimulated FLS, the expressions of proinflammatory mediators were also inhibited by Pcer. As shown by the results, Pcer has anti-arthritic effects in the C/K rat model and in synovial cells, suggesting that Pcer has the potential to be a useful agent in arthritis treatment.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2000

As a result of studing on the "shashen(沙蔘)", we could reach conclusions as follows. 1. Shashen is the root of "lunyeshashen(潤葉沙蔘)", "kuoyeshashen(闊葉沙蔘)", and its same generic plants that belong to Companulaceae. In china people has used twenty-four species as a shashen together with other generic plants, in korea sixteen species as a shashen. 2. At first, in the "Shen Nong's Herbal(神農本草經)" it was recorded and then in the "Benchingfengyuan(本經逢原)" divided into "nanshashen(南沙蔘)" and "beishashen(北沙蔘)". Recently, nanshashen called shashen belongs to Companulaceae and have strong efficacies of clearing away heat from lung, resolving phlegm, beishashen belongs to Umbelliferae and have strong efficacies of nourishing stomach, nourishing yin. 3. Shashen is the root of Adenophora stricta Miq., and yangru(羊乳) is that of Codonopsis lauceolata Bentham et Hooker, jini is that of Adenophora remotiflora (SIEBOLD et ZUCCARINI.) MIQUEL. From a efficacious point of view, it is the characteristics that shashen have efficacies of nourishing yin and clearing away heat from lung, supplementing stomach and promoting production of body fluid, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, eliminating pus and abscess, expelling wind and pruritus, jini have those of clearing away heat and toxic material, resolving phlegm and yanru have those of nourishing yin and moistening lung, resolving phlegm and eliminating pus, clearing away heat and toxic material, stimulating milk secretion. 4. After being recorded as "zhimu(知母)" in Shen Nong's Herbal, the alias of shashen was recorded as kuxin(苦心), shimei(識美), huxu(虎須), baishen(白參), zhiqu(志取), wenhu(文虎), baolishen(保利參), paoshen(泡參), jibantui(鷄半腿), yangponai(羊婆妨) and so on. Moreover shashen was named after its characteristics of that it grows well in the sandy soil and as a wushen(五參) with a renshen(人蔘) its form is different from that of wushen but their chief virtues are alike. 5. In the numerous medical books, xinyeshashen(杏葉沙蔘) regarded as nanshashen. It was called as the alias of jini, so I thouhgt that it was wrong xinyeshashen to be regarded as nanshashen. 6. It was used shashen for renshen, renshen was used to treat lung-cold syndrome by its efficacy of tonifying yang and shashen lung-heat syndrome by its efficacy of nourishing yin, the reasons of that because shashen had amount of sap, its properies and flavours of herbs are light and clean. 7. The constituents of shashen were essential oil, starch, shashen-saponin, furocoumarin, xanthotoxin(ammoidin), inulin, sugar, mucus and have efficacies of resolving phlegm, promoting production of body fluid, immunomodulational and antibiotic efficacies. above results indicated that the origin of shashen and substitutional plants was various. Their efficacies are somewhat alike, but there were characteristic efficacies each other. Nowadays they are used together with, so we should know the characteristic efficacies of them and then we using them clinically, more deep discrimination and experimental support shoud be accomplished.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.361-370
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• 2017

Previous reports have suggested that physical and psychological stresses may trigger fibromyalgia (FM). Stress is an important risk factor in the development of depression and memory impairments. Antidepressants have been used to prevent stress-induced abnormal pain sensation. Among various antidepressants, tianeptine has been reported to be able to prevent neurodegeneration due to chronic stress and reverse decreases in hippocampal volume. To assess the possible effect of tianeptine on FM symptoms, we constructed a FM animal model induced by restraint stress with intermittent cold stress. All mice underwent nociceptive assays using electronic von Frey anesthesiometer and Hargreaves equipment. To assess the relationship between tianeptine and expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB), western blotting and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed. In behavioral analysis, nociception tests showed that pain threshold was significantly decreased in the FM group compared to that in the control group. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus showed downregulation of BDNF and p-CREB proteins in the FM group compared to the control group. However, tianeptine recovered these changes in behavioral tests and protein level. Therefore, this FM animal model might be useful for investigating mechanisms linking BDNF-CREB pathway and pain. Our results suggest that tianeptine might potentially have therapeutic efficacy for FM.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.227-239
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• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study was to develop the simulator which can analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of herbs based on e-cell, or the virtual cell. Method : We have ensured the medical herbs and its active compounds by investigating the oriental medicine records and NBCI(Biomedicine database). Also we have developed the web-based search system for confirming database related to anti-inflammation. We have researched the cell signal pathway related with inflammatory response control and established the mathematical model of herb interaction on selected signal pathway in e-cell. Finally we have developed the prototype which can confirm the result of this model visibly. Results : We constructed the database of 62 cases of anti-inflammatory active compounds in 61 cases of medical herbs which have been known anti-inflammation effects in the paper, 16 cases of inflammatory factors, 10 cases of signal pathways related with inflammatory response and 6,834 cases of URL(Uniform Resource Locator) of referenced papers. And we embodied the web-based research system, which can research this database. User can search basic and detailed information of medical plants related with anti-inflammatory by using information system. And user can acquire information on an active compounds, a signal pathway and a link URL of related paper. Among investigated ten pathways, we selected NF-${\kappa}B$, which plays important role in activation of immune system, and we searched the mechanisms of actions of proteins which could be components of this pathway. We reduced total network into IKK-$I{\kappa}B$ - NF-${\kappa}B$, and completed mathematic modeling by using ordinary differential equations and response variables of $I{\kappa}B-NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling model network which is suggested by Baltimore Group. We designed OED(Ordinary Differential Equation) for response of IKK, $I{\kappa}B$, $NF-{\kappa}B$ in e-cell's cytoplasm and nucleus, and measured whether an active compound of medicinal plants which is inputted by an user would have a anti-inflammation effects in obedience to change in concentration over time. The proposed model was verified by using experimental results of the papers which are listed on NCBI.